CHAPTER 10: WORKING WITH PRINTERS 343 Ft10cr15 .bmp Figure 10-15 The Advanced tab of the Print Server Properties dialog box Auditing Printer Access Printer access, like file and folder access, can be audited. You can specify which groups or users and which actions to audit for a particular printer. After enabling the object access auditing policy, you can view the resulting audit entries in the Event Viewer console’s Security log. To configure auditing for a printer, open its Properties dialog box, select the Security tab, and then click Advanced. In the Advanced Security Settings dialog box, select the Auditing tab and add entries for specific groups or users. For each security principal you add to the audit entry list, you can configure auditing for successful or failed access based on the standard printer permissions, including Print, Manage Documents, and Manage Printers. Next you must enable the Audit Object Access policy, which is located in the Group Policy Object Editor or Local Security Policy console under Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security Settings\Local Policies\Audit Policy. After the policy has taken effect, you can examine the Security event log to see and analyze entries made based on printer auditing. TIP When to Audit Printing Printer auditing creates dozens of log entries for a single print job, so it is useful only when you’re troubleshooting specific problems. Do not use printer auditing to monitor printer use or to bill for printer usage. Instead, use performance counters such as Total Jobs Printed or Total Pages Printed. TROUBLESHOOTING PRINTERS Troubleshooting is an important part of printer management. This section can help you understand, identify, and address the types of incidents and problems that might occur in Windows Server 2003 printing. 344 PART 3: MANAGING AND MAINTAINING SHARED RESOURCES NOTE Exam Objectives The objectives for exam 70-290 require students to be able to “troubleshoot print queues.” Remember when troubleshooting that printing includes multiple components, including the following: ■ The application that is attempting to print ■ The logical printer on the computer on which the application is running ■ The network connection between the print client and the shared logical printer on the server ■ The logical printer on the server—its spooler, drivers, security settings, and other components ■ The connection between the print server and the printer ■ The printer itself—its hardware, configuration, and status An efficient way to solve most problems associated with printing is to troubleshoot each component logically and methodically. Identify the Scope of Failure If a user cannot print a job from one application on the computer but can print from another application on the same computer, the error is most likely related to the failed job’s application rather than the computer, the network, the print server, or the printer hardware. However, in some cases, using a different driver or data type can solve an application’s print errors. If the user cannot print to the printer from any application, identify whether the user can print to other printers on the same print server or on other print servers. If all possibilities fail, and if other users can print to the printers on the network, the error is likely local to the user’s computer. If the printer is networked, try creating a local printer on the problematic system that points directly to the printer’s port. In other words, bypass the print server. If this process succeeds, there is a problem on the print server or with the communi - cation between the user’s system and the print server. Verify That the Print Client Can Connect to the Print Server You can confirm connectivity between the print client and the print server by opening the print queue window from the Printers And Faxes folder on the client computer. If the print queue window opens and shows any documents in the print queue, the client is successfully connecting to the print server. An error opening the print queue window would indicate a potential networking, authentication, or permissions problem. If this is the case, you can use the Ping utility to test the connection to the print server’s IP address, or click Start, select Run, and type \\printserver. If the ping test is successful or a window opens showing the Printers And Faxes folder and any shared folders, the client is connecting to the server. In that case, double-check security permissions on the logical printer. CHAPTER 10: WORKING WITH PRINTERS 345 Verify That the Printer Is Operational Check the printer itself and ensure that it is in the ready state (ready to print). Check for depleted consumables, paper jams, and other obvious problems, and then print a test page from the printer console. Check the cable connect- ing the printer to the print server or the network. If the printer is network- attached, confirm that the network interface card light is on, indicating network connectivity. Verify That the Printer Is Accessible from the Print Server Some printers can display their IP address on the printer console or by printing out a configuration page. Confirm that the printer’s IP address matches the IP address of the logical printer’s port. The port’s IP address can be seen in the printer’s Prop - erties dialog box, in the Ports tab. Ensure that it is possible to communicate with the printer over the network by pinging the printer’s IP address. Verify That the Print Server’s Services Are Running Using the Services console, check that the following print-related services are run- ning properly: ■ Print Spooler Manages local and network print queues. If this service is not running, no printing will occur. ■ Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Required for standard network connec- tions to shared printers. You can also examine the volume on which the spool folder is stored to ensure that there is sufficient disk space for spooling. The spool folder location can be dis - covered and modified in the Server Properties dialog box, which you can access by selecting Server Properties from the File menu of the Printers And Faxes folder. By default, print jobs spool to the Systemroot\System32\Spool\Printers folder. For a high-volume print server, consider moving the spool folder to a partition other than the system or boot partition. If the partition where the spool folder resides fills to capacity with print jobs, printing will stop and, more importantly, the operating system might become unstable. You should also look at the System log to see if the spooler has registered any error events, and, in the Printers And Faxes folder, make sure that the printer is not in Offline mode. Attempt to print a job from an application on the print server. If you can print to the printer from the print server, the problem is not with the printer. If you cannot print to the printer from an application on the print server, create a new logical printer directed at the same port and attempt to print to the new printer. If that job succeeds, there is a problem with the configuration of the original logical printer. If that job is unsuccessful, there is a problem communicating with the printer, or with the hardware itself. 346 PART 3: MANAGING AND MAINTAINING SHARED RESOURCES SUMMARY ■ The printing architecture in Windows Server 2003 is modular, consisting of the physical printer itself, a print server with a shared, logical printer connected to the physical printer through a local or network port, and a logical printer on a client that connects to the shared, logical printer on the print server. ■ A local printer is one that supports a printer directly attached to the com- puter or attached to the network. A network printer connects to a logical printer maintained by another computer, a print server. ■ Shared printers are published to Active Directory by default, which enables users to easily search for printers based on location or other printer properties. ■ To create a logical printer, you run the Add Printer Wizard and specify the printer driver and port to use. ■ A single logical printer can direct jobs to more than one port, creating a printer pool. ■ A single physical printer can be served by multiple logical printers, each of which can be configured with unique properties, drivers, settings, permissions, or monitoring characteristics. ■ The print queue window, event logs, and performance counters enable you to monitor printers for potential signals of trouble and for utilization statistics. ■ If a printer is to be taken offline or has already failed, you can redirect all its jobs not already in progress to another printer by adding or selecting the new printer’s port in the properties of the original logical printer. The alternate port must represent a printer that is compatible with the driver in use by the original logical printer. ■ Because the Windows Server 2003 printer model is modular, with the printer itself, the logical printer on a print server, and the logical printer on a client connected to the server’s shared printer, you can methodically troubleshoot a printer failure by addressing each component and the links between those components. EXERCISES Exercise 10-1: Creating a Logical Printer In this exercise, you install a logical printer on your computer. 1. Log on to Windows Server 2003 as Administrator. 2. Click Start, and select Printers And Faxes. The Printers And Faxes window appears. 3. Double-click the Add Printer icon. The Add Printer Wizard appears. CHAPTER 10: WORKING WITH PRINTERS 347 4. Click Next to bypass the Welcome page. The Local Or Network Printer page appears. 5. Select the Local Printer Attached To This Computer option. Be sure the Automatically Detect And Install My Plug And Play Printer check box is cleared, then click Next. The Select A Printer Port page appears. 6. In the Use The Following Port drop-down list, select LPT3: (Printer Port), and then click Next. The Install Printer Software page appears. Few, if any, computers have an LPT3 port. If your computer does, select a port that is unused by your computer, such as COM3 or COM4. 7. In the Manufacturer column, select Generic. In the Printers column, select Generic/Text Only, then click Next. The Name Your Printer page appears. 8. In the Printer Name text box, type Test Printer, and then click Next. The Printer Sharing page appears. 9. Click Next to accept the default sharing parameters. Click Next again to bypass the Location And Comment page. The Print Test page appears. 10. Select the No option, and then click Next. The Completing The Add Printer Wizard page appears. 11. Click Finish. Exercise 10-2: Setting Printer Permissions In this exercise, you configure permissions for your shared printer. 1. Log on to Windows Server 2003 as Administrator. 2. Install a logical printer, as described in Exercise 10-1. 3. Click Start, and select Printers And Faxes. The Printers And Faxes window appears. 4. Select the Test Printer icon for the logical printer you created and, from the File menu, select Properties. The Properties dialog box appears. 5. Select the Everyone security principal on the Security tab and then click Remove. 6. Click Add. The Select Users, Computers, Or Groups dialog box appears. 7. In the Enter The Object Names To Select text box, type Users, and then click OK. The Users group appears in the list of security principals. 8. Select the Allow check box for the Manage Documents permission, and then click OK. Exercise 10-3: Cancelling a Print Job In this exercise, you cancel a queued print job that has not completed. 1. Log on to Windows Server 2003 as Administrator. 2. Install a logical printer, as described in Exercise 10-1. 348 PART 3: MANAGING AND MAINTAINING SHARED RESOURCES 3. Click Start, and select Printers And Faxes. The Printers And Faxes window appears. 4. Right-click the Test Printer icon for the logical printer you created, and select Properties. The printer’s Properties dialog box opens. 5. Click Print Test Page in the General tab to send a test page to the printer. A Test Printer message box opens. Click OK to close the message box, and click OK to close the printer’s Properties dialog box. 6. Double-click the Test Printer icon for the logical printer you created. The Test Printer window appears. 7. Select the Test Page document in the list, and note its error status, which is due to no physical printer being connected to the selected port. 8. On the Document menu, select Cancel. A Printers message box appears, prompting you to confirm your decision to delete the print job. 9. Click Yes. The print job is deleted from the queue. REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. You are installing a printer on a client computer. The printer will connect to a logical printer installed on a Windows Server 2003 print server. What type or types of information could you provide to set up the printer? (Choose all correct answers.) a. A TCP/IP printer port b. The physical printer’s manufacturer and model c. The URL to the printer on the print server d. The UNC path to the printer share e. A printer driver 2. One of your networked printers is not working properly, and you want to prevent users from sending print jobs to the logical printer serving that device. What do you do? a. Stop sharing the printer b. Remove the printer from Active Directory c. Change the printer port d. Rename the share 3. You are administering a Windows Server 2003 computer configured as a print server. You want to perform maintenance on a physical printer connected to the print server. There are several documents in the print queue. You want to prevent the documents from being printed to the printer, but you don’t want users to have to resubmit the documents to the printer. What is the best approach to take? a. Open the printer’s Properties dialog box, select the Sharing tab, and select the Do Not Share This Printer option. CHAPTER 10: WORKING WITH PRINTERS 349 b. Open the printer’s Properties dialog box, and, in the Ports tab, select a port that is not associated with a print device. c. Open the print queue window, select the first document, and then select Pause from the Document window. Repeat the process for each document. d. Open the print queue window, and select Pause Printing from the Printer menu. 4. You are administering a Windows Server 2003 computer configured as a print server. Users in the Marketing group complain that they cannot print documents using a printer on the server. You view the permissions in the printer’s Properties dialog box. The Marketing group is allowed Manage Documents permission. Why can’t the users print to the printer? a. The Everyone group must be granted the Manage Documents permission. b. The Administrators group must be granted the Manage Printers permission. c. The Marketing group must be granted the Print permission. d. The Marketing group must be granted the Manage Printers permission. 5. You are setting up a printer pool on a Windows Server 2003 computer. The printer pool contains three print devices, all identical. You open the Properties dialog box for the printer and select the Enable Printer Pooling option in the Ports tab. What must you do next? a. Configure the LPT1 port to support three printers. b. Select or create the ports mapped to the three printers. c. In the Device Settings tab, configure the installable options to support two additional print devices. d. In the Advanced tab, configure the priority for each print device so that printing is distributed among the three print devices. 6. A Windows 2003 Server is configured as a print server. In the middle of the workday, the printer fuse fails and must be replaced. Users have already submitted jobs to the printer, which uses IP address 192.168.1.81. An iden - tical printer uses address 192.168.1.217, and it is supported by other logical printers on the server. What actions do you take so that users’ jobs can be printed without resubmission? (Choose all correct answers.) a. In the failed printer’s Properties dialog box, select Enable Printer Pooling. b. In the failed printer’s Properties dialog box, click Add Port. c. In the Printers And Faxes folder, right-click the failed printer and select Use Offline. d. In the failed printer’s Properties dialog box, select the port 192.168.1.217. 350 PART 3: MANAGING AND MAINTAINING SHARED RESOURCES 7. Which of the following approaches gives you the clearest picture of printer utilization, allowing you to understand the consumption of printer toner and paper? a. Configure auditing for a logical printer, and audit for successful use of the Print permission by the Everyone system group. b. Export the System log to a comma-delimited text file, and use Microsoft Excel to analyze spooler events. c. Configure a performance log, and monitor the Total Pages Printed counter for each logical printer. d. Configure a performance log, and monitor the Jobs counter for each logical counter. CASE SCENARIOS Scenario 10-1: Updating Printer Drivers The marketing department is complaining about print quality on its shared printer, which is called MarketingPrinter. When users print from their Windows XP desk - tops using Microsoft Office applications, documents print perfectly. But when they print from Adobe applications, the documents do not always reflect the desired results. The sales department, which has an identical shared printer called Sales- Printer and uses a mix of Windows 2000 and Windows XP workstations and Office, does not report any problems. As you consider the situation, it occurs to you that some applications produce different results depending on whether the printer is using PostScript or a non-PostScript driver. Where do you deploy the properly functioning printer driver so that the computers needing it are updated? a. The Server Properties dialog box of the print server b. The printer Properties dialog box of MarketingPrinter c. The printer Properties dialog box of SalesPrinter d. The printer Properties dialog box for the logical printers installed on the desktops of each marketing department user Scenario 10-2: Enhancing Print Performance You are the systems administrator for a law firm with a group of 20 legal assistants who provide administrative support to the attorneys. All of the assistants use a single, shared, high-speed laser printer installed on a Windows Server 2003 system. They must print large documents on a regular basis. Although the laser printer is fast, it is kept running almost constantly, printing documents. At times, the assistants have to wait 20 minutes or more after submitting a print job for their documents to reach the top of the queue. None of the assistants wants to scroll through a list of available printers to check which one has the fewest jobs before submitting a document. Which of the following options should CHAPTER 10: WORKING WITH PRINTERS 351 you consider to minimize the amount of time that printers take to finish printing documents for all the assistants? a. Install a second laser printer of the same make and model and create a printer pool. b. Set different printer priorities for each legal assistant based on a list gen- erated by the head of the group. The most important assistant should be set a priority of 1, and the least important a priority of 99. c. Set different printer priorities for each legal assistant based on a list gen- erated by the head of the group. The most important assistant should be set a priority of 99, and the least important a priority of 1. d. Purchase three more identical laser printers, and install them with their own individual printer shares on the print server. [...]... standard: ■ System hardware ■ Peripheral hardware ■ System BIOS ■ Operating system Most of the PC hardware devices manufactured since 199 7, and virtually all of the PC hardware manufactured today, conform to the PnP standard, as do most system BIOS products and all of the Microsoft operating systems since Windows 95 This means that when you install a new device in a computer running Windows Server 2003, ... MANAGER Device Manager is the primary hardware and device driver management tool in Windows Server 2003 Although it is not immediately apparent from its default appearance (shown in Figure 11 -9) , Device Manager is an MMC snap-in that you can access in any of the following ways: ■ Click Start, point to Control Panel, and select System In the System Properties dialog box, select the Hardware tab, and. .. objectives for exam 70- 290 require students to be able to “monitor server hardware Tools might include Device Manager, the Hardware Troubleshooting Wizard, and appropriate Control Panel items.” Enabling and Disabling Devices By selecting a device in Device Manager and choosing Disable from the Action menu, you can render that device inoperative until you manually enable it again Disabled devices appear in Device... Properties dialog box NOTE 371 372 PART 4: MANAGING AND MAINTAINING HARDWARE Managing Device Properties When you select a device in Device Manager and, from the Action menu, select Properties, a Properties dialog box appears This dialog box contains tabs with an assortment of controls that enable you to manage and configure the device and its driver The contents of the Properties dialog box can vary, depending... want the wizard to search for new hardware or let you select the hardware from a list This might seem odd because the wizard already ran through a hardware detection routine immediately after launching However, that was the PnP hardware detection routine Selecting the Search For And Install The Hardware Automatically option initiates a search for non-PnP hardware devices Figure 11-6 The Add Hardware...PART 4 MANAGING AND MAINTAINING HARDWARE WARE CHAPTER 11 MANAGING DEVICE DRIVERS When you are working with a complex operating system such as Microsoft Windows Server 2003, which contains many elaborate pieces of software, it can be easy to forget about the small, invisible pieces that make everything else you do possible For an operating system to make use of the hardware in the computer,... and hardware devices dictate corresponding changes in drivers In some cases, driver updates are incorporated into the regular service pack releases for the operating system, while other driver updates are available as hotfixes from the 361 362 PART 4: MANAGING AND MAINTAINING HARDWARE Windows Update Web site However, in many cases, it is left to the system administrator to check with the various hardware... Driver tab, select Roll Back Driver Managing Hardware Resources Although it happens infrequently, you might need to manually configure the hardware resources used by a Windows Server 2003 device This is usually necessary only when you are forced to install an older piece of hardware that does not support the PnP standard, such as an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) expansion card To work with hardware... Wizard’s Is The Hardware Connected? page Ft11cr04.bmp 365 366 PART 4: MANAGING AND MAINTAINING HARDWARE If you select the Yes, I Have Already Connected The Hardware option and click Next, the wizard displays a page listing all of the hardware devices installed in the computer, as shown in Figure 11-5 To install a new device, scroll down to the bottom of the list, select Add A New Hardware Device, and click... Device Manager to view and manage hardware devices and their device drivers ■ Troubleshoot device driver problems 355 356 PART 4: MANAGING AND MAINTAINING HARDWARE UNDERSTANDING DEVICE DRIVERS A device driver is a set of software routines that implement device-specific functions for generic input/output (I/O) operations For example, when an application running on a Windows Server 2003 computer writes a file . identical laser printers, and install them with their own individual printer shares on the print server. PART 4 MANAGING AND MAINTAINING HARDWAREWARE PART 4 MANAGING AND MAINTAINING HARDWARE