Data Sheet High-Performance, Enhanced Flash Microcontrollers phần 4 docx

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Data Sheet High-Performance, Enhanced Flash Microcontrollers phần 4 docx

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© 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39564C-page 97 PIC18FXX2 9.5 PORTE, TRISE and LATE Registers This section is only applicable to the PIC18F4X2 devices. PORTE is a 3-bit wide, bi-directional port. The corre- sponding Data Direction register is TRISE. Setting a TRISE bit (= 1) will make the corresponding PORTE pin an input (i.e., put the corresponding output driver in a Hi-Impedance mode). Clearing a TRISE bit (= 0) will make the corresponding PORTE pin an output (i.e., put the contents of the output latch on the selected pin). The Data Latch register (LATE) is also memory mapped. Read-modify-write operations on the LATE register reads and writes the latched output value for PORTE. PORTE has three pins (RE0/RD /AN5, RE1/WR/AN6 and RE2/CS /AN7) which are individually configurable as inputs or outputs. These pins have Schmitt Trigger input buffers. Register 9-1 shows the TRISE register, which also controls the parallel slave port operation. PORTE pins are multiplexed with analog inputs. When selected as an analog input, these pins will read as '0's. TRISE controls the direction of the RE pins, even when they are being used as analog inputs. The user must make sure to keep the pins configured as inputs when using them as analog inputs. EXAMPLE 9-5: INITIALIZING PORTE FIGURE 9-9: PORTE BLOCK DIAGRAM IN I/O PORT MODE Note: On a Power-on Reset, these pins are configured as analog inputs. CLRF PORTE ; Initialize PORTE by ; clearing output ; data latches CLRF LATE ; Alternate method ; to clear output ; data latches MOVLW 0x07 ; Configure A/D MOVWF ADCON1 ; for digital inputs MOVLW 0x05 ; Value used to ; initialize data ; direction MOVWF TRISE ; Set RE<0> as inputs ; RE<1> as outputs ; RE<2> as inputs Data Bus WR LATE WR TRISE RD PORTE Data Latch TRIS Latch RD TRISE Schmitt Trigger Input Buffer QD CK QD CK EN QD EN I/O pin (1) RD LATE or PORTE To Analog Converter Note 1: I/O pins have diode protection to VDD and VSS. PIC18FXX2 DS39564C-page 98 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. REGISTER 9-1: TRISE REGISTER R-0 R-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 U-0 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 IBF OBF IBOV PSPMODE — TRISE2 TRISE1 TRISE0 bit 7 bit 0 bit 7 IBF: Input Buffer Full Status bit 1 = A word has been received and waiting to be read by the CPU 0 = No word has been received bit 6 OBF: Output Buffer Full Status bit 1 = The output buffer still holds a previously written word 0 = The output buffer has been read bit 5 IBOV: Input Buffer Overflow Detect bit (in Microprocessor mode) 1 = A write occurred when a previously input word has not been read (must be cleared in software) 0 = No overflow occurred bit 4 PSPMODE: Parallel Slave Port Mode Select bit 1 = Parallel Slave Port mode 0 = General purpose I/O mode bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as '0' bit 2 TRISE2: RE2 Direction Control bit 1 = Input 0 = Output bit 1 TRISE1: RE1 Direction Control bit 1 = Input 0 = Output bit 0 TRISE0: RE0 Direction Control bit 1 = Input 0 = Output Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ - n = Value at POR ’1’ = Bit is set ’0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39564C-page 99 PIC18FXX2 TABLE 9-9: PORTE FUNCTIONS TABLE 9-10: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH PORTE Name Bit# Buffer Type Function RE0/RD /AN5 bit0 ST/TTL (1) Input/output port pin or read control input in Parallel Slave Port mode or analog input: RD 1 = Not a read operation 0 = Read operation. Reads PORTD register (if chip selected). RE1/WR/AN6 bit1 ST/TTL (1) Input/output port pin or write control input in Parallel Slave Port mode or analog input: WR 1 = Not a write operation 0 = Write operation. Writes PORTD register (if chip selected). RE2/CS /AN7 bit2 ST/TTL (1) Input/output port pin or chip select control input in Parallel Slave Port mode or analog input: CS 1 = Device is not selected 0 = Device is selected Legend: ST = Schmitt Trigger input, TTL = TTL input Note 1: Input buffers are Schmitt Triggers when in I/O mode and TTL buffers when in Parallel Slave Port mode. Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on POR, BOR Value on All Other RESETS PORTE — — — — —RE2RE1RE0 -000 -000 LATE — — — — — LATE Data Output Register -xxx -uuu TRISE IBF OBF IBOV PSPMODE — PORTE Data Direction bits 0000 -111 0000 -111 ADCON1 ADFM ADCS2 — — PCFG3 PCFG2 PCFG1 PCFG0 00 0000 00 0000 Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, - = unimplemented, read as '0'. Shaded cells are not used by PORTE. PIC18FXX2 DS39564C-page 100 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.6 Parallel Slave Port The Parallel Slave Port is implemented on the 40-pin devices only (PIC18F4X2). PORTD operates as an 8-bit wide Parallel Slave Port, or microprocessor port when control bit, PSPMODE (TRISE<4>) is set. It is asynchronously readable and writable by the external world through RD control input pin, RE0/RD and WR control input pin, RE1/WR. It can directly interface to an 8-bit microprocessor data bus. The external microprocessor can read or write the PORTD latch as an 8-bit latch. Setting bit PSPMODE enables port pin RE0/RD to be the RD input, RE1/WR to be the WR input and RE2/CS to be the CS (chip select) input. For this functionality, the corresponding data direction bits of the TRISE register (TRISE<2:0>) must be configured as inputs (set). The A/D port config- uration bits PCFG2:PCFG0 (ADCON1<2:0>) must be set, which will configure pins RE2:RE0 as digital I/O. A write to the PSP occurs when both the CS and WR lines are first detected low. A read from the PSP occurs when both the CS and RD lines are first detected low. The PORTE I/O pins become control inputs for the microprocessor port when bit PSPMODE (TRISE<4>) is set. In this mode, the user must make sure that the TRISE<2:0> bits are set (pins are configured as digital inputs), and the ADCON1 is configured for digital I/O. In this mode, the input buffers are TTL. FIGURE 9-10: PORTD AND PORTE BLOCK DIAGRAM (PARALLEL SLAVE PORT) FIGURE 9-11: PARALLEL SLAVE PORT WRITE WAVEFORMS Data Bus WR LATD RDx QD CK EN QD EN RD PORTD Pin One bit of PORTD Set Interrupt Flag PSPIF (PIR1<7>) Read Chip Select Write RD CS WR Note: I/O pin has protection diodes to VDD and VSS. TTL TTL TTL TTL or PORTD RD LATD Data Latch TRIS Latch Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 CS Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 WR RD IBF OBF PSPIF PORTD<7:0> © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39564C-page 101 PIC18FXX2 FIGURE 9-12: PARALLEL SLAVE PORT READ WAVEFORMS TABLE 9-11: REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH PARALLEL SLAVE PORT Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 CS Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 WR IBF PSPIF RD OBF PORTD<7:0> Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on POR, BOR Value on All Other RESETS PORTD Port Data Latch when written; Port pins when read xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu LATD LATD Data Output bits xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu TRISD PORTD Data Direction bits 1111 1111 1111 1111 PORTE — — — — —RE2RE1RE0 -000 -000 LATE — — — — — LATE Data Output bits -xxx -uuu TRISE IBF OBF IBOV PSPMODE — PORTE Data Direction bits 0000 -111 0000 -111 INTCON GIE/ GIEH PEIE/ GIEL TMR0IF INT0IE RBIE TMR0IF INT0IF RBIF 0000 000x 0000 000u PIR1 PSPIF ADIF RCIF TXIF SSPIF CCP1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF 0000 0000 0000 0000 PIE1 PSPIE ADIE RCIE TXIE SSPIE CCP1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE 0000 0000 0000 0000 IPR1 PSPIP ADIP RCIP TXIP SSPIP CCP1IP TMR2IP TMR1IP 0000 0000 0000 0000 ADCON1 ADFM ADCS2 — — PCFG3 PCFG2 PCFG1 PCFG0 00 0000 00 0000 Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, - = unimplemented, read as '0'. Shaded cells are not used by the Parallel Slave Port. PIC18FXX2 DS39564C-page 102 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. NOTES: © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39564C-page 103 PIC18FXX2 10.0 TIMER0 MODULE The Timer0 module has the following features: • Software selectable as an 8-bit or 16-bit timer/ counter • Readable and writable • Dedicated 8-bit software programmable prescaler • Clock source selectable to be external or internal • Interrupt-on-overflow from FFh to 00h in 8-bit mode and FFFFh to 0000h in 16-bit mode • Edge select for external clock Figure 10-1 shows a simplified block diagram of the Timer0 module in 8-bit mode and Figure 10-2 shows a simplified block diagram of the Timer0 module in 16-bit mode. The T0CON register (Register 10-1) is a readable and writable register that controls all the aspects of Timer0, including the prescale selection. REGISTER 10-1: T0CON: TIMER0 CONTROL REGISTER R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 TMR0ON T08BIT T0CS T0SE PSA T0PS2 T0PS1 T0PS0 bit 7 bit 0 bit 7 TMR0ON: Timer0 On/Off Control bit 1 = Enables Timer0 0 = Stops Timer0 bit 6 T08BIT: Timer0 8-bit/16-bit Control bit 1 = Timer0 is configured as an 8-bit timer/counter 0 = Timer0 is configured as a 16-bit timer/counter bit 5 T0CS: Timer0 Clock Source Select bit 1 = Transition on T0CKI pin 0 = Internal instruction cycle clock (CLKO) bit 4 T0SE: Timer0 Source Edge Select bit 1 = Increment on high-to-low transition on T0CKI pin 0 = Increment on low-to-high transition on T0CKI pin bit 3 PSA: Timer0 Prescaler Assignment bit 1 = TImer0 prescaler is NOT assigned. Timer0 clock input bypasses prescaler. 0 = Timer0 prescaler is assigned. Timer0 clock input comes from prescaler output. bit 2-0 T0PS2:T0PS0: Timer0 Prescaler Select bits 111 = 1:256 prescale value 110 = 1:128 prescale value 101 = 1:64 prescale value 100 = 1:32 prescale value 011 = 1:16 prescale value 010 = 1:8 prescale value 001 = 1:4 prescale value 000 = 1:2 prescale value Legend: R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’ - n = Value at POR ’1’ = Bit is set ’0’ = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown PIC18FXX2 DS39564C-page 104 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 10-1: TIMER0 BLOCK DIAGRAM IN 8-BIT MODE FIGURE 10-2: TIMER0 BLOCK DIAGRAM IN 16-BIT MODE Note: Upon RESET, Timer0 is enabled in 8-bit mode with clock input from T0CKI max. prescale. RA4/T0CKI pin T0SE 0 1 1 0 T0CS FOSC/4 Programmable Prescaler Sync with Internal Clocks TMR0L (2 TCY delay) Data Bus 8 PSA T0PS2, T0PS1, T0PS0 Set Interrupt Flag bit TMR0IF on Overflow 3 Note: Upon RESET, Timer0 is enabled in 8-bit mode with clock input from T0CKI max. prescale. T0CKI pin T0SE 0 1 1 0 T0CS FOSC/4 Programmable Prescaler Sync with Internal Clocks TMR0L (2 TCY delay) Data Bus<7:0> 8 PSA T0PS2, T0PS1, T0PS0 Set Interrupt Flag bit TMR0IF on Overflow 3 TMR0 TMR0H High Byte 8 8 8 Read TMR0L Write TMR0L © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39564C-page 105 PIC18FXX2 10.1 Timer0 Operation Timer0 can operate as a timer or as a counter. Timer mode is selected by clearing the T0CS bit. In Timer mode, the Timer0 module will increment every instruction cycle (without prescaler). If the TMR0L reg- ister is written, the increment is inhibited for the follow- ing two instruction cycles. The user can work around this by writing an adjusted value to the TMR0L register. Counter mode is selected by setting the T0CS bit. In Counter mode, Timer0 will increment, either on every rising or falling edge of pin RA4/T0CKI. The increment- ing edge is determined by the Timer0 Source Edge Select bit (T0SE). Clearing the T0SE bit selects the ris- ing edge. Restrictions on the external clock input are discussed below. When an external clock input is used for Timer0, it must meet certain requirements. The requirements ensure the external clock can be synchronized with the internal phase clock (T OSC). Also, there is a delay in the actual incrementing of Timer0 after synchronization. 10.2 Prescaler An 8-bit counter is available as a prescaler for the Timer0 module. The prescaler is not readable or writable. The PSA and T0PS2:T0PS0 bits determine the prescaler assignment and prescale ratio. Clearing bit PSA will assign the prescaler to the Timer0 module. When the prescaler is assigned to the Timer0 module, prescale values of 1:2, 1:4, , 1:256 are selectable. When assigned to the Timer0 module, all instructions writing to the TMR0L register (e.g., CLRF TMR0, MOVWF TMR0, BSF TMR0, x etc.) will clear the prescaler count. 10.2.1 SWITCHING PRESCALER ASSIGNMENT The prescaler assignment is fully under software con- trol, (i.e., it can be changed “on-the-fly” during program execution). 10.3 Timer0 Interrupt The TMR0 interrupt is generated when the TMR0 reg- ister overflows from FFh to 00h in 8-bit mode, or FFFFh to 0000h in 16-bit mode. This overflow sets the TMR0IF bit. The interrupt can be masked by clearing the TMR0IE bit. The TMR0IE bit must be cleared in soft- ware by the Timer0 module Interrupt Service Routine before re-enabling this interrupt. The TMR0 interrupt cannot awaken the processor from SLEEP, since the timer is shut-off during SLEEP. 10.4 16-Bit Mode Timer Reads and Writes TMR0H is not the high byte of the timer/counter in 16-bit mode, but is actually a buffered version of the high byte of Timer0 (refer to Figure 10-2). The high byte of the Timer0 counter/timer is not directly readable nor writable. TMR0H is updated with the contents of the high byte of Timer0 during a read of TMR0L. This pro- vides the ability to read all 16-bits of Timer0 without having to verify that the read of the high and low byte were valid due to a rollover between successive reads of the high and low byte. A write to the high byte of Timer0 must also take place through the TMR0H buffer register. Timer0 high byte is updated with the contents of TMR0H when a write occurs to TMR0L. This allows all 16-bits of Timer0 to be updated at once. TABLE 10-1: REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER0 Note: Writing to TMR0L when the prescaler is assigned to Timer0 will clear the prescaler count, but will not change the prescaler assignment. Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on POR, BOR Value on All Other RESETS TMR0L Timer0 Module Low Byte Register xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu TMR0H Timer0 Module High Byte Register 0000 0000 0000 0000 INTCON GIE/GIEH PEIE/GIEL TMR0IE INT0IE RBIE TMR0IF INT0IF RBIF 0000 000x 0000 000u T0CON TMR0ON T08BIT T0CS T0SE PSA T0PS2 T0PS1 T0PS0 1111 1111 1111 1111 TRISA — PORTA Data Direction Register -111 1111 -111 1111 Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, - = unimplemented locations read as '0'. Shaded cells are not used by Timer0. PIC18FXX2 DS39564C-page 106 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. NOTES: [...]... writing to the PR2 register Set the PWM duty cycle by writing to the CCPR1L register and CCP1CON bits TABLE 14- 4: EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS AT 40 MHz PWM Frequency 2 .44 kHz Timer Prescaler (1, 4, 16) 9.77 kHz 39.06 kHz 156.25 kHz 312.50 kHz 41 6.67 kHz Maximum Resolution (bits) TABLE 14- 5: 16 4 1 1 1 1 0xFF PR2 Value Name Make the CCP1 pin an output by clearing the TRISC bit Set the... Master mode: 1 = Input data sampled at end of data output time 0 = Input data sampled at middle of data output time SPI Slave mode: SMP must be cleared when SPI is used in Slave mode bit 6 CKE: SPI Clock Edge Select When CKP = 0: 1 = Data transmitted on rising edge of SCK 0 = Data transmitted on falling edge of SCK When CKP = 1: 1 = Data transmitted on falling edge of SCK 0 = Data transmitted on rising... dummy data) depends on the application software This leads to three scenarios for data transmission: • Master sends data — Slave sends dummy data • Master sends data — Slave sends data • Master sends dummy data — Slave sends data Any serial port function that is not desired may be overridden by programming the corresponding data direction (TRIS) register to the opposite value FIGURE 15-2: SPI MASTER/SLAVE... SELECTION 14. 4.3 driven High driven Low toggle output (High to Low or Low to High) remains unchanged SOFTWARE INTERRUPT MODE When generate software interrupt is chosen, the CCP1 pin is not affected Only a CCP interrupt is generated (if enabled) The action on the pin is based on the value of control bits CCP1M3:CCP1M0 (CCP2M3:CCP2M0) At the same time, interrupt flag bit CCP1IF (CCP2IF) is set 14. 4 .4 14. 4.1... CCP1IF T3CCP2 Prescaler ÷ 1, 4, 16 CCP1 pin TMR3 Enable CCPR1H and Edge Detect T3CCP2 CCPR1L TMR1 Enable TMR1H TMR1L TMR3H TMR3L CCP1CON Q’s Set Flag bit CCP2IF T3CCP1 T3CCP2 TMR3 Enable Prescaler ÷ 1, 4, 16 CCP2 pin CCPR2H and Edge Detect CCPR2L TMR1 Enable T3CCP2 T3CCP1 TMR1H TMR1L CCP2CON Q’s © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc DS39564C-page 119 PIC18FXX2 14. 4 14. 4.2 Compare Mode Timer1 and/or... data been received(transmit complete)? ;No ;WREG reg = contents of SSPBUF MOVWF RXDATA ;Save in user RAM, if data is meaningful MOVF TXDATA, W MOVWF SSPBUF ;W reg = contents of TXDATA ;New data to xmit DS39564C-page 128 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc PIC18FXX2 15.3.3 ENABLING SPI I/O 15.3 .4 To enable the serial port, SSP Enable bit, SSPEN (SSPCON1), must be set To reset or reconfigure SPI mode,... details are provided under the individual sections SSPSR reg shift clock RC5/SDO bit0 RA5/SS/AN4 SS Control Enable Edge Select 2 Clock Select RC3/SCK/ SCL/LVDIN SSPM3:SSPM0 SMP:CKE 4 TMR2 output 2 2 ( Edge Select ) Prescaler TOSC 4, 16, 64 Data to TX/RX in SSPSR TRIS bit © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc DS39564C-page 125 PIC18FXX2 15.3.1 REGISTERS The MSSP module has four registers for SPI mode operation... SPI communication as shown in FIGURE 15-3: FOSC /4 (or TCY) FOSC/16 (or 4 • TCY) FOSC/ 64 (or 16 • TCY) Timer2 output/2 SPI MODE WAVEFORM (MASTER MODE) Write to SSPBUF SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 0) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 0) 4 Clock Modes SCK (CKP = 0 CKE = 1) SCK (CKP = 1 CKE = 1) SDO (CKE = 0) bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0 SDO (CKE = 1) bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0 SDI (SMP = 0) bit0 bit7 Input... (IDLE state of SCK) Data input sample phase (middle or end of data output time) • Clock edge (output data on rising/falling edge of SCK) • Clock Rate (Master mode only) • Slave Select mode (Slave mode only) The MSSP consists of a transmit/receive Shift Register (SSPSR) and a buffer register (SSPBUF) The SSPSR shifts the data in and out of the device, MSb first The SSPBUF holds the data that was written... allows 8-bits of data to be synchronously transmitted and received, simultaneously All four modes of SPI are supported To accomplish communication, typically three pins are used: • Serial Data Out (SDO) - RC5/SDO • Serial Data In (SDI) - RC4/SDI/SDA • Serial Clock (SCK) - RC3/SCK/SCL/LVDIN Additionally, a fourth pin may be used when in a Slave mode of operation: • Slave Select (SS) - RA5/SS/AN4 Figure 15-1 . VSS. TTL TTL TTL TTL or PORTD RD LATD Data Latch TRIS Latch Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 CS Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 WR RD IBF OBF PSPIF PORTD<7:0> © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS39564C-page 101 PIC18FXX2 FIGURE. Q2 Q3 Q4 CS Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 WR IBF PSPIF RD OBF PORTD<7:0> Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on POR, BOR Value on All Other RESETS PORTD Port Data Latch. by PORTE. PIC18FXX2 DS39564C-page 100 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. 9.6 Parallel Slave Port The Parallel Slave Port is implemented on the 40 -pin devices only (PIC18F4X2). PORTD operates as an

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