EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 UNIT Come Become Overcome Spend Give Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school HOME LIFE came became overcame spent gave come become overcome spent given đến … trở thành khắc phục trải qua cho PRONUNCIATION : Cách phát âm –s –es danh từ số nhiều) Khi sử dụng danh từ số nhiều, ta thường thêm ‘s’ ‘es’ vào cuối danh từ Có cách đọc: - Đọc /s/ sau danh từ tận ‘f, k, p, t, th, gh, ph’ : books, roof, boots, laughs, photograph … hay nói cách khác âm : /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/, /θ/ - Đọc /iz/ sau từ có gió ‘s, x, z, ch, sh (+ es), ce, ge (+ s) : dresses, boxes, toothbrushes, watches, sentences, judges… - Đọc /z/ trường hợp lại : ways, pens, pencils, potatoes, tomatoes … Exercise Which of the words contain the sound /s/,/z/ or /iz/ Noun / verb + s/es /s/ / iz / /z/ potato rub cook rise clothe 6.length calculate read massage 10 laugh 11 cave 12 play 13 map 14 flat 15 bathe 16 bath 17 stage 18 wear 19 thank 20 cough 21 learn 22 stop 23 dig 24 church 25 come 26 Rose’s 27 Daniel’s 28 Frank’s 29 Elizabeth’s 30 Smith’s CÁC THÌ HIỆN TẠI Thì Hiện đơn (The Present simple) : V1 a/ Cách chia: I, we, you, they + V0 (động từ nguyên mẫu không TO) He, she, it, N (số ít) + V-s/es (lưu ý đt tận Y Y sau nguyên âm) EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school b/ Cách dùng: Để diễn tả thật việc thường xảy / thói quen: • Ex Tom plays table-tennis very well The sun rises in the east… Dùng sau liên từ thời gian hàm ý tương lai: as soon as, after, before, when, • until … Ex Let’s wait until the rain stops I’ll ring you as soon as I arrive at the hotel * Các trạng từ sau thường xuất Hiện đơn : always, usually, often, sometimes, every day (… night / week / month / year, summer…), seldom, rarely…, once a week, twice a month …Ex She often goes to school by bicycle The present continuous : (thì tiếp diễn) a/ Cách chia : S + am / is / are + V-ing b/ Cách dùng: Diễn tả việc xảy thời điểm tại, hay sau câu truyền khiến • : Ex Listen! Someone is knocking at the door Don’t make so much noise! The baby is sleeping * Những cụm từ sau thường xuất Hiện tiếp diễn: now, just now, right now, nowadays, at present, at the moment, today, this week, this month, these days * Note: Một số động từ khơng dùng Present Continuous, mà dùng Present Simple: to be, to want, to need, to have (có), to know, to understand (hiểu) Ex: - We are in grade twelve now - I understand the lesson at the moment The present perfect : (thì hoàn thành) a/ Cách chia : I / we / you / they + have + V3 / ed He / She / It + has + V3 / ed b/ Cách dùng: Để diễn tả hành động xảy khơng rõ thời gian: • Ex I have seen that film Để diễn tả việc vừa xảy (thường kèm với ‘just, recently, lately’ • Để diễn tả việc xảy liên quan đến (already, not…yet, never, ever, • three times, several/many times, up to now, up to the present, until now, so far , For + khoảng thời gian, Since + mốc thời gian… The present perfect continuous : (thì hồn thành tiếp diễn) a/ Cách chia : S + have / has + been + V-ing b/ Cách dùng : Để nhấn mạnh hành động xảy khứ, kéo dài liên tục đến ( wait, sleep, study….) Ex: I have been waiting for her for hours / since o’clock Exercise Choose the best answer The sun _ the biggest planet in the solar system (is / was / has been / will be) If you like skiing, there _ resort under an hour’s driving from Madrid A is B can be C will be D has been Ann often does the shopping, but I it today as she isn’t well EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school A am doing B C will D have done In my opinion, Carnival in Northen Brazil _ the best celebration in the world A have neen B will be C was D is It’s a lovely day today! The sun _ and the birds A is shining / are singing B is shining / sing C shines / sing D shines / are singing Since 1980, scientists in the world _ a lot of things to fight AIDS A have done B are doing C did D had done Would you loke something to eat? – No, thanks I lunch with Tony A have just had B just had C just have D just have had Linda _ her identity card again This is the second time this A lost / happened B has lost / happened C has lost / has happened D lost / has happened Amada left her job because they asked her to work on a night _ A time B period C shift D moment 10 Chris is my close friend I trust him He’s always _ to help me whenever I have a problem A willing B responsible C charge D available Exercise Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets to complete the following story It (1) happened (happen) two years ago when I (2)……… (ski) in Austria It was a horrible day because it (3)……… (snow) and I (4)……………(can’t see) anything I (5)…………(not want) to ski but my friend said, “Come on This is our last day We must go.” So I went I (6)……….(not ski)in conditions like that before so when my friends (7)…………(decide) to go right up to the top of the mountain, I (8)……….(not/join) them After about half an hour by myself, I (9)…………(stop) because I was cold and wet I (10)……… (get) into the cable car to go down to the village and my wonderful warm hotel when I (11) …………………(slip) on some ice I (12)…………….(fall), and my skis (13)………………(fall) on top of me I (14) ……………… (hear) a terrible noise and knew something bad (15)……………(happen) My leg was broken What a way of ending a holiday! Exercise Underline the correct option Everything is going well We didn’t have / haven’t had any problems so far Lisa didn’t go / hasn’t gone to work yesterday She wasn’t feeling well Look! That man over there wears / is wearing the same sweater as you Your son is much taller than when I last saw him He grew / has grown a lot I still don’t know what to I didn’t decide / haven’t decided yet I wonder why Jim is / is being so nice to me today He didn’t usually like that Jane had a book open in front of her, but she didn’t read / wasn’t reading it I wasn’t very busy I didn’t have / wasn’t having much to It begins / It’s beginning to get dark Shall I turn on the light? 10 After leaving school, Tim got / has got a job in a factory 11 I made a cup of coffee while she ………………… the letter (read) 12.After I ……………… eating, the waiter took my plate away (finish) 13 By the time I got to the party, most people …………… home (go) 14 She (not have) a day off through illness since she ………… (work) at the company Exercise Put the verbs into the correct form: past simple (I did), past continuous (I was doing), past perfect (I had done), or past perfect continuous (I had been doing) Yesterday afternoon Sarah …went….(go) to the station to meet Paul When she ………(get) there, Paul ……… (wait) for her His train ………(arrive) early EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school When I got home, Bill ……… (lie) on the sofa The television was on, but he ……… (not / watch) it He ………… (fall) asleep and ……… (snore) loudly I ………… (turn) the television off and just then he ………… (wake) up Last night I …………… (just / go) to bed and …………(read) a book when suddenly I ……… (hear) a noise I ……… (get) up to see what it was, but I ……… (not / see) anything, so I …… (go) back to bed Lisa had to go to New York last week, but she almost ………… (miss) the plane She ………… (stand) in the queue at the check-in desk when she suddenly ……… (realise) that she ………… (leave) her passport at home Fortunately she lives near the airport, so she ………… (have) time to take a taxi home to get it She ………… (get) back to the airport just in time for her flight I …… (meet) Peter and Lucy yesterday as I …………… (walk) through the park They ………… (be) to the Sports Center where they ………… (play) tennis They ………… (go) to the café and ………… (invite) me to join them, but I ………… (arrange) to meet another friend and ………… (not / have) time Exercise Choose A, B, C or D that best completes the following passage MY FIRST HOME When my parents married, they rented a small house and they didn’t have a lot of money for furniture The kitchen had a (1) ……for washing up and a cooker, but that was all They (2) ……an old table and a chair from the market They borrowed a sofa which was (3) ……old, but they (4) …… it with modern materials so it was bright and cheerful Outside, there was a small garden (5) …… the house, but in front of it there was only the roaD Luckily the road wasn’t busy, so I could cross it to (6) ………the park on the (7) …… side We lived there (8) …… I was ten and we were very happy We had to (9) …… house because it was too small when my twin sisters were born We all (10) …… sad when we left A basin B cupboard C sink D bath A bought B sold C became D brought A more B also C even D little A placed B put C covered D made A before B through C by D behind A reach B arrive C go D get A wrong B opposite C different D facing A when B after C until D to A move B change C leave D close 10 A spent B thought C had D felt Exercise Although we ………… all day, we haven’t managed to find a suitable applicant A are interviewing B have interviewed C have been interviewing D interviewed A tricks B leftovers C depths D roofs A biologist B shift C trick D decision Can you tell me who is responsible checking passports? A to B in C about D for My father hasn’t seen his older brother _ thirty years A since B from C for D during She is leaving her husband because she cannot put _ his bad temper any longer A up with B away C off D up Our parents join hands to give us a nice house and a happy home A deal with B manage C help together D work together A shifts B works C groups D hands A baths B clothes C enjoys D solutions 10 A dishes B oranges C experiences D moves Exercise Complete the text with words from the box EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 afraid (of ) covered (in / with) interested (in) Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school angry (with) fond (of) hopeless (at) be / get used to + n / V-ing : quen S + used to + Vo : …đã … Two years ago I went to a language school in England and stayed with a host family At that time I was (1)……… at English and couldn’t understand them very well, but I could see they were more than a little mad They got (2)……… with me when I arrived because I didn’t take my shoes off They were really (3)……… of their house and (4)… of getting even a bit of dirt on their carpet But my first big problem was in the bedroom I am (5)……… to cats and there, sitting on the bed, which was (6) ……… in cat hair, was the ugliest animal you have ever seen “He always sleeps here,” they said “You’ll soon get (7) ……… to him.” I explained that I wasn’t very (8)………….of animals but they didn’t seem to be the least bit (9) ………… in what I said The next day, I went to the accommodation office at school and said that it was (10) ……… to change family UNIT allergic (to) essential proud (of) CULTURAL DIVERSITY build built built xây dựng choose chose chosen chọn lựa tell told told bảo, kể sell sold sold bán buy bought bought mua 1/ PRONUNCIATION : Cách phát âm –ed Nếu động từ có quy tắc tận ‘d’ ‘t’ thêm ‘-ed’ ta đọc /id/ • decided, needed, posted, started … Nếu động từ tận : f, k, p, s, x, ce, ch, gh, ph, sh thêm ‘-ed’ ta đọc /t/ : • worked, stopped, kissed, washed, laughed …(các âm: /f/, /k/, /p/, /s/, /∫/, /t∫/) (Câu thần dễ nhớ: Xin Sư Huynh (sh) Frank Sơn CHo Phép GHi CEll Khó) Đọc /d/ trường hợp lại : planned, loved, arrived … • Exercise Read and put the words with underlined letters in the right column knocked walked started wanted decided jumped mended explained helped missed phoned arrived rained arrested involved received considered changed convinced stopped hoped watched washed roofed brushed attracted happened played established laughed wrapped asked improved finished earned closed robbed faxed washed studied loved liked photographed ploughed weighed sentenced interviewed / id / /t/ /d/ 2/ THE PAST TENSES (Các khứ) The past simple : (thì khứ đơn) a/ Cách chia : S + V2/ed (Động từ “to be”: S + was / were) EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school b/ Cách dùng : * Diễn tả việc xảy biết rõ thời gian, chấm dứt hẳn (thường kèm với từ thời gian : yesterday, last night / week / month / year / summer …, … ago, in (2005), from 2000 to 2005 * Để diễn tả chuỗi hành động xảy nối tiếp khứ : Ex Last night, I heard someone knock at the door, I stood up, went to answer the door, but when I opened it I couldn’t see anyone there The past continuous : (thì khứ tiếp diễn) a/ Cách chia : I / He / She / It / N(số + was + V –ing … We / you / they / N(số nhiều) + were + V-ing … b/ Cách dùng : * Diễn tả việc xảy thời điểm xác định khứ ( What were you doing at 7:00 last night? – I was watching news) * Diễn tả việc diễn song song khứ ( với liên từ : while, as): Yesterday, while my father was reading a book, my mother was cooking dinner *Chỉ 1sự việc diễn (was / were + V-ing) có hành động khác đột xuất chen vào (V 2): Ex When I came, they were having lunch The past perfect : (thì q khứ hồn thành / q khứ kép) a/ Cách chia : S + had + V3/ed b/ Cách dùng :* Diễn tả hành động xảy trước thời điểm hành động khác khứ (V2) câu có liên từ: before, after, when): - Before 2000, he had worked in that company - When I got up this morning, my father had left for HCM city Exercise Put each verb in brackets into an appropriate tense Sam (not receive) the parcel the last time I _ (speak) to him I (consider) buying a house but now I _ (change) my mind When you _(feel) hungry later, room service _ (bring) you whatever you _(want) I _(find) it difficult to convince the ticket inspector that I _(lose) my ticket Since I (pay) for our lunch, I _(try) to attract the waiter’s attention As soon as I _ (have) a good look at the designs, I _ (send) them back to you I _(hope) to meet you ever since I (read) your first novel Whatever (happen),I _ (meet) you here in a week’s time By the time you (finish) getting ready, we (miss) the train ! 10 Sally! I _ (not expect) to see you here What (you do) in New York? Exercise Complete the passage, using the word from the box that best fits each space particular enough important particularly carefully immediately fairly naturally acceptable common advisable finer suitable useful invariable Good personal relations based on mutual trust and esteem play a (1) ………… important role in doing business in Japan Hospitality given and received can play a (2)……… part in maintaining and establishing such relations While in Japan it is (3)……… for the visitor to offer a meal in a restaurant or in his hotel: he is not expected to reciprocate entertaining on the Japanese scale The Japanese not expect foreigners to understand the (4)…… points of their own etiquette but they like people who try to conform Shoes are removed before entering Japanese-style houses and restaurants EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school Most Japanese meals consist of a series of small dishes (5)………, the polite thing to is to eat what one is offered but Japanese hosts are understanding if a foreigner explains that he finds a (6)…………dish unappetizing In Japan it is the almost (7)…………custom to exchange visiting cards when one makes a new acquaintance This is useful to the foreign visitor, and it is (8)……… to take a substantial number of cards (say at least 100) for use in Japan The custom of giving gifts to business and personal acquaintances is more (9)……than on most other countries Most of these gifts are(10)……… small items and it is not necessary to receprocate (11)……… Although it is customary to give something back in due course for personal presents received from individuals It may be useful to take a number of souvenir items such as English china, company pens or ties to give away on (12)……… occasions Very high quality Scotch whisky also makes an (13)……… gift It is (14)………… that all gifts should be (15)……… wrapped in gift wrapping paper 16 The last time I was in Prague was in 1986 I haven’t _ 17 The company hasn’t made a profit for years The last time 18 The last time I had a pay rise was years ago I haven’t _ Exercise Choose the correct answer What _at the moment? A.do you B.did you C.have you done D.are you doing Ben and Patty are in London on holiday.They _ at a small hotel near Hyde Park A.stay B.are staying C.stayed D.are going to stay The River Amazon into the Atlantic Ocean A.flows B.flow C.is flowing D.flowed Jet engines a lot of noise A.are making B.have made C.made D.make “Where’s Simon?” “He the dinner.” A.is cooking B.cook C.cooks D.has cooked He _ in London from 1970 to 1973 A.lives B.had lived C.has lived D.lived Marilyn Monroe _in 1962 A.died B.dies C.is dying D.had died I was driving along when suddenly a child _across the road A.run B runs C ran D.was running I cut myself when I _ A.was shaving B.shaved C.am shaving D.have shaved 10 My car broke down when I to work A.am driving B.was driving C.have been driving D.drove 11 I six kilometers so far this morning A.walk B.walked C.am walking D.have walked 12 I _interested in jazz since I left school A.have been B.was C.am D.had been 13 The fire has gone out! - So it has I and get some sticks A.am going to go B.will go C.go D.will be going 14 Did you remember to book seats? - Oh no, I forgot I for them now A.am telephoning B.am going to telephone C.will telephone D.phone 15 “He has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg.” – “I’m sorry to hear that EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school I him some grapes.” A.will sent B.am going to send C.will have sent D.will send 16 I’ve hired a typewriter and I _ type A.am going to B.will C.was going to D.are going to 17 I cakes That’s why my hands are all covered with flour A.have been making B.have made C.made D.had made 18 He eating since he arrived A.didn’t stop B.doesn’t stop C.hasn’t stopped D.hadn’t stopped 19 Her phone _ for ten minutes I wonder why she doesn’t answer it A.has rung B.rings C.is ringing D.has been ringing 20 Where is Tom? I him today,but he told Mary that he’d be in for dinner A.didn’t see B.don’t see C.haven’t seen D.hadn’t seen 21 The earth _ round the sun A.go B.went C.is going D.goes 22 He in a cafe when I saw him A.sat B.had sat C.has sat D.was sitting 23 My company _ a lot of profits years ago A.had made B.made C.has made D.makes 24 Is it the first time you our beautiful country? A.visit B.visited C.are visiting D.have visited 25 If I _ in your shoes, I would act differently A.am B.were C.have been D.had been 26 I _ learning English five years ago A.have started B.start C.was starting D.started 27 We _ him for years A.didn’t see B.don’t see C.hadn’t seen D.haven’t seen 28 They a new house in this corner of the street right now A.are building B.have been building C.were building D.build 29 My friends the army when they finished their schooling A.joined B.have joined C.had joined D.has joined 30 How many films _ you _ this month? A.have / seen B.did / see C.do / see D.will / see 31 Two miles _ enough for her to jog every morning A.Are B.is C.was D.do 32 When Daisy back from the beach, she _very red from the sun She _in the sun too long A came / looked / had been lying B came / looked / lain 33 Look! Her eyes red and wet She _ A are / has been crying B were / had cried 34 She says Titanic is the best film she A.had seen B.saw C.has ever seen D.will see 35 He fatter now than some years ago A look B looked C has looked D looks 36 A new bridge over the river next year A.is built B.is being built C.will build D.will be built 37 We the museum when the fire started A.visited B.had visited C.were visiting D.visit 38 This building _ finished by the end of 2012 A.will have been B.will be C.is D.is going to be 39 The statue _ while it _ to another room in the museum A.breaks / is being moved B.broke / was being moved C.broke / was moving D.has broken / was being moved EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school 40 Yesterday I _ along the street when realized that a man with a black beard, whom I _three times already, _me A walked / saw / followed B was walking / had seen / was following 41 -I just _ out to get an evening paper - But it why don’t you wait till the rain _? A.am……going / is raining/stops B.have………gone / rains / will stop 42.When I first to this village it was a quiet place But since the population and a lot of leisure facilities _, it is not quiet any more A come / has doubled / were built B came / has doubled / have been built 43 I never been to Hanoi A.have B.has C had D having 44.The last time he in public he _ a grey new suit A was seen / was wearing B is seen / is wearing C saw / wore D had been seen / had been wearing 45 Coming into the room he saw key where he it A.leaves B.left C.was leaving D had left 46 You _ for ages Have you nearly finished? A.have telephoned B.have been telephoning C.phoned D.are phoning 47 This is the first time he a car so he feels nervous A.is driving B.has been driving C.drove D.has driven 48 Tom his driving test three times because he is so bad at reversing A.fails B.had failed C.has failed D.failed 49 By the time you finish your twelfth grade this summer, I _ from my university A.will graduate B.will be graduating C.have graduated D.will have graduated 50.When my father next month, he will have been teaching for 40 years A.retires B.will retire C.is going to retire D.is retiring 51 I am going to meet you at the airport tomorrow After you clear custom, look for me just outside the gate I _ right by the door A.will be standing B.will stand C.am standing D.stand 52 Her eyes were red because she A.cried B.cries C.has been crying D.had been crying 53 When I went to see them last night, they _ chess A.were playing B.had been playing C.played D.are playing 54 I the book before my next birthday A.will finish B.am going to finish C.will have finished D.finish 55 She a headache for several hours A.has B.had C.has had D.is having 56 I was watching a movie when you last night A called B.were calling C.had called D.call 57 Do you think it tomorrow? A.rains B.is raining C.rained D.will rain 58 Where’s Tom? He said he _ here at 4:30 PM A.would be B.will be C.was D.is 59 I’m hungry because I breakfast or lunch A.don’t have B.didn’t have C.wasn’t having D.haven’t had 60 By the time I got to Lucy’s house,she _already _ for work A.had ……left B.has……left C.left D.is……leaving 61 When did you start school? 62 When did you start learning English? 63 How old were you when you finished primary school? 64 What subjects are you good at? / bad at? _ 65 Do you want to be a good student? 66 What will you to be good at English? EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 UNIT Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school WAYS OF SOCIALISING speak spoke spoken nói break broke broken (làm) bể, vỡ, gẫy wake woke woken (đánh) thức see saw seen thấy, xem know knew known biết * Grammar The Future tenses (Các tương lai) The Future simple (Thì tương lai đơn) a/ Cách chia : S + will + V0 … b/ Cách dùng : Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai với : - Quyết tâm hứa hẹn : I’ll go with you / I will tell him Don’t worry - Thường kèm với ‘someday, tomorrow, next week / month …, in two weeks Ex He’ll come back next week She won’t go there tomorrow 2/ The future continuous (Thì tương lai tiếp diễn) a/ Cách chia : S + will be + V-ing … b/ Cách dùng: Diễn tả hành động diễn thời điểm tương lai Ex He will be studying Chemistry at this time tomorrow We will be visiting Ha Long bay at this time next month 3/ The future perfect (Thì tương lai hồn thành) a/ Cách chia : S + will have + V3/ed b/ Cách dùng : Diễn tả việc hoàn thành thời điểm tương lai Ex They will have built that bridge by April next year By next month, I will have left for Nha Trang * Thường kèm với ‘by then, by the time, by + mốc thời gian) 4/ The near future (Thì tương lai gần): S + am / is / are + going to + V … diễn tả tương lai có dự định trước việc xảy Ex We are going to buy a new bike next month (Đã có dự tính rồi) Look at the clouds, it is going to rain (near future) REPORTED SPEECH Câu tường thuật / câu gián tiếp Khi động từ giới thiệu (He says …), hồn thành (have/has • said…) lời nói gián tiếp cần thay đổi đại từ Khi động từ giới thiệu khứ (said) lời nói gián tiếp ta phải thay đổi • động từ, cụm từ thời gian, không gian * The ways to change direct speech into indirect speech ( Cách đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp) Present simple (V1) : have / has → had Past simple (V2) → Present perfect (have/has V3) → Can → could Will → would this … → that now → then today → that day past simple (V2) past perfect (had V3) past perfect (had V3) am / is / are → was / were these … here 10 → → those there EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school Thomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light Although the electric light was the most useful, it was not his only invention He also invented the record player, the motion picture camera, and over 1,200 other things About every two weeks he created something new He worked 16 out of every 24 hours Sometimes he worked so intensely that his wife had to remind him to sleep and eat Thomas Edison died in 1931, in West Orange, New Jersey He left numerous inventions that improved the quality of life all over the world Câu 36: Thomas Edison was A a discoverer B a teacher C an inventor D an explorer Câu 37: In 1854 Edison’s family A bought a new house in Milan, Ohio B decided to settle in Milan, Ohio C moved to Port Huron, Michigan D sent him to a school in New Jersey Câu 38: The word “self-educated” in the passage mostly means A “having had a high education” B “having taught himself” C “having had good schooling” D “having been well taught” Câu 39: Edison died at the age of A 47 B 76 C 84 D 74 Câu 40: Which of following statements is NOT true about Edison? A He worked very hard B He didn’t go to school at all C He made numerous inventions D He invented the motion picture camera Chọn phương án (A B, C, D) ứng với từ/ cụm từ có gạch cần phải sửa để câu sau trở thành xác 41: Despite the sun was shining, it wasn’t warm enough for our children to go swimming A B C D Câu 42: My father prefers watching films at home than going to the cinema A B C D 43:They were all looking forward to spend their holiday at the seaside the following summer A B C D Câu 44: My mother said me to sit down at the table and my homework A B C D Câu 45: Do you mind to go out with her to buy some ice creams? A B C D Đọc kỹ đoạn văn sau chọn phương án (ứng với A B, C, D) cho chỗ trống từ 46 đến 50 Many parents are worried about the bad effects of television, especially those on their children Firstly, there are a lot of violent films which may lead (46) crimes Secondly, advertising is not always good (47) children They see so many advertisements for sweets, ice creams, and toys; and these advertisements make them (48) to go and buy unnecessary things at once Thirdly, sitting in front of a television set for a long time is bad for their eyes About one third of children wear glasses (49) , watching television is not creative It is very important for children to something creative and athletic, (50) playing some musical instrument, painting pictures, or playing football Câu 46: A on B in C for D to Câu 47: A of B for C about D at Câu 48: A wanting B want C wanted D to want Câu 49: A Whatever B Finally C However D Nevertheless Câu 50: A such as B such that C so as D so as to KỲ THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG NĂM 2009 Mã đề 952 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from to 65 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school It can be shown in facts and figures that cycling is the cheapest, most convenient, and most environmentally desirable form of transport (1) towns, but such cold calculations not mean much on a frosty winter morning The real appeal of cycling is that it is so (2) It has none of the difficulties and tensions of other ways of travelling so you are more cheerful after a ride, even through the rush hour The first thing a non-cyclist says to you is: “But isn’t it (3) dangerous?” It would be foolish to deny the danger of sharing the road with motor vehicles and it must be admitted that there are an alarming (4) of accidents involving cyclists However, although police records (5) that the car driver is often to blame, the answer lies with the cyclist It is possible to ride in such a way as to reduce risks to a minimum Question 1: A in B at C to D on Question 2: A boring B careful C enyoyable D excited Question 3: A expectedly B strangely C terribly D comfortably Question 4: A size B number C deal D digit Question 5: A point B indicate C display D exhibit Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the rest in each of the following questions Question 6: A high B laugh C thought D eight Question 7: A promise B despite C Enterprise D economize Question 8: A appeal B ease C team D already Question 9: A scholar B chemist C approach D aching Question 10: A attracted B decided C expected D engaged Black out A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to each of the following questions Question 11: _, we couldn’t have continued with the project A If you hadn’t contributed positively B Even if you didn’t like to contribute C Provided your contribution wouldn’t come D Unless we had your contribution Question 12: Alex did not very well in class A therefore he was a good student B as long as he had studied badly C because he failed to study properly D although he was not hard-working Question 13: The more you talk about the situation, A it seems worse B the worse does it seem C the worse it seems D it seems the worse Question 14: Those boys took a long ladder A in order to get the ball from the roof B so they will get the ball from the roof C so that the ball from the roof can be gotten D and then get the ball from the roof Question 15: She regretted to tell him that A she was leaving the tickets at home B she had left the tickets at home C the tickets at home would be left D she would have left the tickets at home Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions form 16 to 20 By adopting a few simple techniques, parents who read to their children can considerably increase their children’s language development It is surprising, but true How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the children’s language development If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the child’s language skills increase A study was done with two or three-year-old children and their parents Half of the thirty children participants were in the experimental study; the other half acted as the control group In the experimental group, the parents were given a two-hour training session in which they were taught to ask open-ended questions rather than yes-no questions For example, the parent should ask, “What is the doggy doing?” rather than, “Is the doggy running away?” Experimental parents were also instructed how to expand on their children’s answer, how to suggest alternative possibilities, and how to praise correct answers At the beginning of the study, the children did not differ on levels of language development, but at the end of one month, the children in the experimental group were 5.5 months ahead of the control group on a test of verbal expression and vocabulary Nine months later, the children in the experimental group still showed an advance of months over the children in the control group Q 16: Parents can give great help to their children’s language development by them A adopting B reading to C experimenting D responding to 66 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school Question 17: What does the word “they” in the second paragraph refer to? A Participants B Parents C Children D Questions Question 18: During the training session, experimental parents were taught to A study many experiments B use yes-no questions C give correct answers D ask open-ended questions Question 19: What was the major difference between the control group and the experimental one in the study? A The training that parents received B The books that were read C The number of participants D The age of the children Question 20: What conclusion can be drawn from this passage? A Children’s language skills increase when they are required to respond actively B The more children read, the more intelligent they become C Two or three-year-old children can be taught to read actively D Children who read actively always act six months earlier than those who don’t Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions Question 21: They are not to take part in this program of the World Health Organization A so old B old enough C enough old D as old Question 22: I’m going for a few days so don’t send me any more work A away B over C in D after Question 23: A scientist who studies living things is a A biology B biologically C biologist D biological Question 24: The football match was postponed the bad weather A despite B in spite C because D because of Question 25: Yesterday I met your brother, had taken us to the Headquarters of the United Nations in New York before A whose B that C whom D who Question 26: students attended the meeting that there weren’t enough chairs for all them A So many B Too many C So few D So much Question 27: Peter doesn’t like scuba-diving does his brother A Too B Neither C So D Either Question 28: Endangered species by the World Wildlife Fund A are protected B would protect C be protected D will protect Question 29: Maria: “Thanks for the lovely evening.” Diana: “ .” A No, it’s not good B I’m glad you enjoyed it C Yes, it’s really great D Oh, that’s right Question 30: High school students should be for their future jobs before leaving school A ill-spoken B well-spoken C ill-prepared D well-prepared Question 31: The government initiated the programme of reform in the 1980s A economist B economic C economically D economised Question 32: Kim: “ What this weekend?” Sally: “Oh, we’re going windsurfing It’s fantastic!” A you go B are you going C would you D are you doing Question 33: She didn’t want to go she knew all her friends would be there A wherever B therefore C so that D even though Question 34: If I had the map now, I a short-cut across the desert A could have taken B take C could take D can take Question 35: Kevin: “How far is it from here to the nearest post office?” Lan: “ ” A Turn left and then turn right B Yes, it’s quite near here C Two kilometers at least D No, it’s rather far 36: Pat: “Would you like something to eat?”Kathy: “ I’m not hungry now.” A No, thanks B No, no problem C Yes, I would D Yes, it is Question 37: I first met her two year ago when we at Oxford University A had been studying B are studying C were studying D have been studying 67 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school Question 38: David: “Could you bring me some water?” Waiter: “ ” A Certainly, sir B Yes, I can C I don’t want to D No, I can’t Question 39: The recycling of waste paper save a great amount of wood pulp A had better B need C can D dare Question 40: If I were you, I would advise her the new teaching method A try B trying C to try D tries Question 41: He went back to work in his country after he his course on Advanced Engineering in London A has finished B was finishing C finishes D had finished Question 42: Ellen: “ ?” - Tom: “He’s tall and thin with blue eyes.” A How is John doing B What does John like C What does John look like D Who does John look like Question 43: Could you fill out this form? A applying B applicable C applicant D application 44: My father decided to _ smoking after he had been smoking for ten years A take up B put away C get over D give up 45: My father is very busy , he is always willing to give a hand with the housework A Despite B Although C However D Therefore Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction 46: She brought a lot of money with her so that she needed buy some duty-free goods A B C D Question 47: I have been working hardly for two weeks and now I feel like a rest A B C D Question 48: Tom likes taking part sports, so he will join the football team of his school A B C D Question 49: Many young people lack skills, good education, and financial to settle in A B the urban areas where many jobs are found C D Question 50: We are going to visit our grandparents when we will finish our final exams A B C D APPENDIX SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT (Sự hòa hợp chủ ngữ động từ) Cụm từ bắt đầu giới từ (prepositional phrase) : with, along with, together with, as well as … khơng ảnh hưởng đến hình thức động từ, (tức tùy theo chủ ngữ trước) EX: A man with his dog was here yesterday John as well as Peter was fond of music Hai hay nhiều chủ ngữ kết hợp “AND” thường thường với động từ số nhiều EX: The teacher and the painter were both present A hammer and a saw are useful tools Một số từ bất định (indefinite word) như: each, every …, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, neither, none of …phải với động từ số EX: Each boy was given a gift Neither of the students has come to class today Động từ sau “either…or”, “neither…nor”, “not only … but also” phải hòa hợp với chủ ngữ gần EX: Either you or I am wrong 68 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school Neither you nor he is right Những danh từ people, police, cattle, poultry đđi với động từ số nhiều EX: The people in this region are prosperous Cattle are grazing in the meadow Có số danh từ mơn học, bệnh tật như: mathematics, physics, statistics, mumps, measles, rickets, news …, mang hình thức số nhiều (tận có s) thực tế lại số EX: Mathematics is an exact science Mumps is a dangerous disease Những danh từ furniture, luggage, scenery, knowledge, machinery, traffic, information, equipment với động từ số (những danh từ s theo sau) EX: His knowledge is limited The furniture here is very nice Danh từ tập hợp (collective nouns) gốc tính từ (the + adjective) xem danh từ số nhiều: the rich, the poor, the disabled, the young … EX: The rich are not always happy The blind walk in utter darkness Số + danh từ thời gian (time), tiền bạc (money), khoảng cách (distance), đo lường (measurement) có hình thức số nhiều, xem hình thức tập hợp dùng danh từ số ít: Ten kilometres is not far 10 Nếu câu có đại từ liên hệ (relative pronoun) động từ phải hòa hợp với tiền ngữ EX: He is one of the people who have come here before (tiền ngữ who persons) He is the only of those people that knows English (tiền ngữ who the only) Exercise: Choose the correct form of the verb There (isn’t/ aren’t) any mail for you today Many people in the world (does/do) not have enough to eat Why (was/were) one of the students excused from the examination? Some of the furniture in our apartment (is/ are) second-hand Three quarters of that book (is/ are) about people who lived in the nineteenth century Twenty dollars (is/ are) an unreasonable price for a thing like that Why (was/ were) some of the students excused from the examination? The news (is/ are) surprising Fifty minutes (is/ are) the maximum length of time allowed for the exam 10 Statistics (is/ are) a branch of mathematics 11 Neither they nor he (is/ are) going to the play tonight 12 The United States (have/ has) a population of around 250 million 13 One of my best friends (is/ are) coming to visit me 14 A number of students (was/ were) at the club yesterday 15 The committee (have/ has) already reached a decision 16 Physics (was/ were) my best subject at school 17 China (have/ has) lost all their football matches in this season 18 John, along with twenty friends, (is/ are) planning a party 19 Each student (have/ has) answered my questions 20 Skating (is/ are) becoming more and more popular every day QUESTION TAGS (Câu hỏi đuôi): “phải khơng?” 69 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school - Duøng cuøng hình thức động từ trợ động từ mệnh đề - Nếu mệnh đề thể phủ định câu hỏi đuôi thể xác định, mệnh đề thể xác định câu hỏi đuôi thể phủ định - Không đổi động từ - Dùng chủ ngữ với mệnh đề Câu hỏi đuôi phải đại từ làm chủ ngữ - Động từ have dùng làm động từ (khơng có V3 / ed động từ khác phải dùng do, does did câu hỏi đuôi - Nếu có there it đầu câu câu hỏi đuôi phải bao gồm there it - Nếu mệnh đề câu mệnh lệnh câu hỏi đuôi “will you?” - Nếu mệnh đề có “Let’s” câu hỏi đuôi “shall we?” - Nếu chủ ngữ động từ mệnh đề “I am” câu hỏi đuôi “aren’t I ?” Ví dụ: You have a car, don’t you? You have been to New York, haven’t you? We don’t go to school tomorrow, we? There are only twenty students in our class, aren’t there? Let’s go out for a walk, shall we? Open the box, will you? I am late, aren’t I ? * Nếu phần đầu có động từ như: be, can, could, will, would, shall, should, have + V 3/ed lập lại động từ câu hỏi Will  won’t won’t  will … Exercise: Fill each blank with a question tag They were very angry, …………………? You weren’t listening, …………………? I shouldn’t have got angry, ……………? They had to go home, …………………? Jack’s applied for a job, ………………? You can type, …………………………? Tom could help you, …………………? There are a lot of people here,…………? This isn’t very interesting, ……………? 10 You wouldn’t tell anyone, …………? 11 Tom won’t be late, ………………? 12 Ann’s on holiday, ……………………? 13 Don’t drop it, …………………………? 14 He’d never seen you before, ………………? 15 Sue doesn’t like onions, ……………………? 16 You’ve got a camera, ……………………? 17 He won’t mind if I go to bed early, ………? 18 Let’s have dinner, ………………………? 19 I’m too fat, ……………………………? 20 Listen, ………………………………? THE INVERSION OF SUBJECTS AND VERBS (Phép đảo chủ ngữ động từ) Có trạng từ phủ định (negative adverbs) trạng từ bán phủ định (semi-negative adverbs) Father never smokes  Never does father smoke He had no sooner arrived than he began to make trouble  No sooner had he arrived than he began to make trouble Coù SO, SUCH, THUS trạng từ thông lệ (adverb of frequency) He is so stupid that he can’t remember a word  So stupid is he that he can’t remember a word We often went fishing together  Often did we go fishing together Có tính từ (adjective), phân từ (present participle) khứ phân từ (past participle) The flowers are beautiful in spring  Beautiful are the flowers in spring Coù ONLY He speak Vietnamese only when he sees me  Only when he sees me does he speak Vietnamese 70 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school Coù MANY, MUCH, NO, LITTLE, NOTHING You will receive nothing from him  Nothing will you receive from him Coù IF (Câu điều kiện) If I were to go, I should tell you  Were I to go, I should tell you Có HERE, THERE, FIRST, LAST cụm từ mang chức trạng từ (Adverb phrase) The boy ran out into the street  Out into the streets ran the boy Exercise 1: Put the underlined adverbs at the beginning of the sentence He knows little about her  ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… I seldom hear him sing  ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… We hardly have time to watch TV  ………………………………………………………………………………………………… He had no sooner arrived than he began shouting  …………………………………………………………………… We rarely had free time when we were at college  ………………………………………………………………… He is never on time  ………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 2: Choose the best answer …………………… such a fantastic story A Rarely have I heard B Rarely I have heard C I rarely hear D I rarely hear I would never have encouraged you to go into this field ……… it would be so stressful for you I’m sorry it’s been so difficult for you A had I known B and I had known C should I know D but I knew “I couldn’t talk to Mrs Khandari very well, because my Arabic isn’t very good yet.” “……………………… there, he would have been able to interpret for you.” A Had John been B John had been C John was D Was John It would have been a much more serious accident …………………… fast at the time A had she been driving B was she driving C she had driven D she drove …………………… in this city will you find any stores open on Sundays A There is scarcely any place B In hardly places C Hardly any place D No place barely any Rarely ………………… such an opportunity to meet them A had we have B we have C we have D we had Only when you grow up …………………… the truth A you know b you know C you will know D will you know Not until the first land plants developed ………………………… A and animals appeared B did land animals appear C would land animals appear D the land animals appeared MỘT SỐ CẤU TRÚC THÔNG DỤNG TOO + ADJECTIVE + VERB (TO) EX: Mary is too short to reach the shelf He was too tired to continue his research TOO + ADJECTIVE + FOR … + VERB (TO): Cấu trúc dùng chủ ngữ đối tượng thực hành động Verb (To) khác EX: This shirt is too small for him to wear It was too cold for me to go out ADJECTIVE / ADVERB + ENOUGH (+FOR) + VERB (TO) EX: Her daughter is tall enough to attend the beauty contest This room is quiet enough for us to read books TOO + ADJECTIVE ADJECTIVE + ENOUGH 71 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school + TOO đứng trước tính từ, mang nghóa phủ định EX: He is too old to work hard + ENOUGH đứng sau tính từ, mang nghóa xác định EX: He is old enough to walk to school alone SO + ADJECTIVE / ADVERB + THAT EX: This problem is so difficult that I can’t solve She speaks so softly that I can’t hear her SUCH + NOUN + THAT EX: He had such a difficult exercise that he couldn’t it We had such tiring weeks that we were extremely tired SO THAT / IN ORDER THAT + CLAUSE (S + V …) EX: I get up early so that (in order that) I can morning exercises IN ORDER (NOT) TO / SO AS TO + NOUN PHRASE EX: I wrote a coat in order to (so as to) get warm I wore a raincoat in order not to (so as not to) get wet PUT THE ADJECTIVES IN BRACKETS BEFORE EACH NOUN A ………………………………………………… table (wooden / round / beautiful) An ………………………………… lady (nice / old) A …………………………………… village (old / lovely / little) An ………………………………………………… painting (interesting / French / old) An ………………………………………… house (attractive / modern) An …………………………………………… film (old / American) A ……………………………………………… day (lovely / sunny) An ……………………………………………… dress (orange / ugly) A ………………………………………………… box (black / small / metal) 10 A ………………………………………………… avenue (long / wide) 11 An ………………………………………………… ring (gold/ unusual) 12 A ………………………………………………… man (young / good-looking) 13 A ……………………………………………… cat (fat / black / big) 14 A ……………………………………… carc(old/ little/ red) 15 A ………………………………… face (thin / long) MỆNH ĐỀ SAU WISH (CLAUSES AFTER WISH) Động từ WISH thường dùng để diễn tả lời ao ước xảy khứ, tương lai A Present wish : S1 + wish + (that) + S2 + past simple (V2/ed) * yù nghóa : Diễn tả lời ao ước trái với taïi - I wish that I had enough time to finish my homework (= I don’t have enough time) - They wish they didn’t have to go to class today (= They have to go to class) - He wishes he was rich (= He is not rich.) B Past wish : S1 + wish + (that) + S2 + past perfect (had V3/ed) * ý nghóa : Diễn tả lời ao ước trái với khứ - I wish that I had gone to the cinema last night (= I didn’t go to the cinema.) - She wishes she had been here yesterday (= She wasn’t here yesterday.) C Future wish : S1 + wish + (that) + S2 + could / would + verb * ý nghóa : Diễn tả lời ao ước xảy ôû töông lai 72 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school - We wish you could come to the party tonight (= You can’t come.) - Mary wishes that she would come with us (= She won’t come with us.) EXERCISE I : Supply the correct tense of the verbs : 1/ I wish I (be) _ here yesterday You all seem to have had such a good time 2/ Tom wasn’t able to come to the party.I wish he (come) _ to my party 3/ He wishes he (not tell) _ her the whole story yesterday 4/ I wish tomorrow (be) _ a holiday 5/ I wish I (learn) _ to play a musical instrument when I was young 6/ It’s cold and I hate the cold weather I wish it (not be) _ so cold 7/ I wish he (be) _ with us now 8/ He didn’t know anything He wishes I (let) _ him know earlier 9/ I didn’t understand I wish he (speak) _ more slowly 10/ I’m sorry I can’t help you I wish I (help) _ you GERUNDS & INFINITIVES (DANH ĐỘNG TỪ & ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU) A DANH ĐỘNG TỪ : (Gerund) Danh động từ có cấu trúc giống phân từ ( tức động từ thêm ING) : talking, learning, cutting, lying… Danh động từ, tên gọi, động từ dùng danh từ Danh động từ chủ yếu đứng vị trí, thực chức năng, danh từ câu Nó thường : 1/ Dùng làm chủ từ : (subject) - Swimming is good for our health - Being friendly will bring you friends 2/ Dùng làm túc từ cho động từ : (object of a verb) - These boys like swimming - My brother practises speaking English every day 3/ Dùng làm bổ ngữ cho chủ từ : (subject complement) - My hobby is swimming - Seeing is believing 4/ Dùng làm túc từ cho giới từ : (object of a preposition) - He is fond of swimming - She is interested in learning English 5/ Duøng câu ngăn cấm (short prohibition) để thành lập danh từ kép (compound noun) - No smoking - No talking, please - a swimming pool - a dining room, living room, waiting room, reading table … - a washing machine, sewing machine … 6/ Dùng sau tính từ sở hữu : - Please forgive my coming late - His driving carelessly often causes accidents 7/ Dùng sau số động từ số cách diễn đạt định nhö : admit, advise, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, finish, hate, keep, like, mind, practise, postpone, quit, risk, suggest, can’t help, can’t bear, can’t stand, be worth, be busy, it’s no use, there’s no… - We enjoy listening to music - I can’t help laughing when she makes jokes 73 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school B ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU : (Infinitive) Động từ nguyên mẫu thường có giới từ to đứng trước (to do, to learn, to help, to advise…) dùng trường hợp sau : 1/ Làm chủ từ (subject), túc từ (object) bổ ngữ (complement) caâu : - To conceal the truth from her was foolish - He wanted to become a spaceman - What he asked for is to be left alone 2/ Laøm tính từ bổ nghóa cho danh từ : - He was the first man to leave the room - English is an important language to master 3/ Làm trạng từ diễn tả nội dung sau : * Mục đích hành động - He went to the station to meet her - He bought a dictionary to study English * Kết quả, hậu (sau TOO +Adj / Adv) : … … - She is too tired to go for a walk - The box was too heavy for her to carry * Hiệu (sau Adj / Adv + ENOUGH) : đủ … để … - I’m strong enough to carry that heavy box - He isn’t rich enough to travel everywhere by taxi 4/ Dùng sau số động từ định : afford, agree, arrange, decide, demand, expect, fail, hope, intend, learn, manage, need, offer, plan, pretend, promise,refuse, threaten, want, wish, would like… - They promised to come back soon - He can’t afford to take a taxi …và dùng sau số động từ có túc từ (verb + obj + to inf) nhö : advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, help, invite, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, teach, tell, want, warn… - They don’t allow us to smoke in the office - I taught myself to play the guitar + Chú ý : Một số động từ theo sau danh động từ động từ nguyên mẫu có khác biệt nghóa câu (*) Remember + gerund : nhớ lại việc thực EX: I remember posting the letter Remember + to infinitive : nhớ để thực EX: I remember to post the letter (*) Stop + gerund : ngöng thực việc làm EX: She stopped mending the dress Stop + to infinitive : ngưng làm việc khác để làm việc EX: He stopped to have a drink (*) Try + gerund : thử làm việc EX: I try writing in blue ink to see if my handwriting is better Try + to infinitive : cố gắng làm việc 74 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school EX: They tried to work as hard as they could (*) Mean + gerund : mang ý nghóa EX:Failure in the exam means having to learn one more year Mean + to infinitive : dự định làm việc EX: He means to take the coming exam (*) Forget + gerund : quên điều xảy EX: I forgot telling her this story Forget + to infinitive : queân làm điều EX: I forgot to tell her about this (*) Regret + gerund : hối tiếc việc xaûy EX: She regrets going to a village school Regret + to infinitive : hối tiếc làm việc EX: The party was great He regretted not to go there (lấy làm tiếc khơng được) I regret to inform you that … (tôi lấy làm tiếc để báo tin cho bạn …) C ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU KHÔNG “TO” (Bare Infinitive) Đây động từ nguyên thể không kèm với to (infinitive without to) sử dụng trường hợp sau : 1/ Dùng sau động từ khiếm khuyết (Modal verbs) nhö : can, may, might, must, ought to… - You may go now - They must finish the work by now 2/ Dùng sau động từ : HAVE, LET, MAKE, HELP… - I helped the child tidy his desk - He had a painter paint the gate - They let him enter the room without a ticket - My parents make me go to bed early 3/ Duøng sau BUT, EXCEPT với nghóa “ngoại trừ” - Why don’t you anything but complain? - She agreed to everything but help him with the homework 4/ Dùng sau động từ giác quan : see, watch, hear, notice, observe, spot… - We heard them sing all morning - He saw the thief enter the hall Chú ý : ta biết phân từ (present participle) dùng cho động từ để diễn tả hành động tiếp diễn Còn động từ nguyên thể dùng trường hợp hành động hoàn tất - I watched them playing football for a while (trận đấu tiếp diễn) - I watched them play football yesterday afternoon (xem toàn trận đấu) MUCH/ MANY/ A LOT OF/ LOTS OF/ PLENTY OF LITTLE/ A LITTLE/ FEW/ A FEW “MUCH” dùng với danh từ không đếm EX: much milk much sugar much coffee “MANY” dùng với danh từ đếm số nhiều EX: many students many books many pens “A LOT OF, LOTS OF, PLENTY OF” dùng với danh từ không đếm danh từ đếm số nhiều 75 EXERCISES FOR GRADE 12 Nguyễn Thành Viễn Tan Phu High school Plenty of money EX: A lot of coffee Lots of books • Lưu ý: + Trái nghóa với “MUCH” “LITTLE” + Trái nghóa với “MANY” “FEW” “LITTLE” dùng với danh từ không đếm EX: little money little time little salt “FEW” dùng với danh từ đếm số nhiều EX: few countries few people few cars + LITTLE = not much/ not enough FEW = not many/ not enough mang nghóa phủ ñònh (tiêu cực) EX: We’ve got little sugar She’s not popular She has few friends + Chúng ta dùng VERY LITTLE VERY FEW EX: We’ve got very little sugar She’s not popular She has very few friends “A LITTLE” (một ít, chút) “A FEW” (một vài) mang nghóa xác định (tích cực) EX: I met Mary a few weeks ago We’ve got a little sugar We’ve got a little time before the test + Nhưng ONLY A LITTLE ONLY A FEW mang nghóa phủ định EX: Hurry up! We’ve got only a little time There are only a few students in this classroom 76 ... * Lưu ý: Trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian, không sử dụng tương lai, để tương lai (tức không dùng will) Mểnh đề trạng ngữ rút gọn : Reduce an adverbial clause (Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ) • Điều... I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park * That không dùng sau dấu phẩy (mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định), không dùng sau giới từ Whose : đứng sau danh từ người để sở hữu :  whose... driving I want a few days about their offer before _ a decision A.to think / making B.to think/make C.thinking/making D.think/making They suggested dinner in an Indian restaurant A.have B.to