192 BPM Meets BI Java Development Kit. Software package used to write, compile, debug, and run Java applets and applications. Java Message Service. An application programming interface that provides Java language functions for handling messages. Java Runtime Environment. A subset of the Java Development Kit that allows you to run Java applets and applications. Key Performance Indicator (KPI). A specific value threshold of a business metric that defines the acceptable business performance level. Listener. In WebSphere MQ distributed queuing, a program that detects incoming network requests and starts the associated channel. Master data. Data that remains unchanged over a long period of time. (attributes, texts, and hierarchies similar to data warehouse dimensions). Materialized Query Table. A table where the results of a query are stored, for later reuse. Measure. A data item that measures the performance or behavior of business processes. Message broker. A set of execution processes hosting one or more message flows. Message domain. The value that determines how the message is interpreted (parsed). Message flow. A directed graph that represents the set of activities performed on a message or event as it passes through a broker. A message flow consists of a set of message processing nodes and message processing connectors. Message parser. A program that interprets the bit stream of an incoming message and creates an internal representation of the message in a tree structure. A parser is also responsible to generate a bit stream for an outgoing message from the internal representation. Message processing node connector. An entity that connects the output terminal of one message processing node to the input terminal of another. Message processing node. A node in the message flow, representing a well-defined processing stage. A message processing node can be one of several primitive types or it can represent a subflow. Message Queue Interface. The programming interface provided by the WebSphere MQ queue managers. This programming interface allows application programs to access message queuing services. Message queuing. A communication technique that uses asynchronous messages for communication between software components. Message repository. A database that holds message template definitions. Message set. A grouping of related messages. Message type. The logical structure of the data within a message. Meta Data. Typically called data (or information) about data. It describes or defines data elements. Metrics (business). Measurements of business performance. MOLAP. Multi-dimensional OLAP. Can be called MD-OLAP. It is OLAP that uses a multi-dimensional database as the underlying data structure. MultiCube. A pre-joined view of two or more cubes represented as an OLAP cube to the user. MQSeries. A previous name for WebSphere MQ. Multi-dimensional analysis. Analysis of data along several dimensions. For example, analyzing revenue by product, store, and date. Glossary 193 Nickname. An identifier that is used to reference the object located at the data source that you want to access. Node. A device connected to a network. Node Group. Group of one or more database partitions. ODS. Operational data store: A relational table for holding clean data to load into InfoCubes, and can support some query activity. OLAP. OnLine Analytical Processing. Multi-dimensional data analysis, performed in real-time. Not dependent on underlying data schema. Open Database Connectivity. A standard application programming interface for accessing data in both relational and non-relational database management systems. Using this API, database applications can access data stored in database management systems on a variety of computers even if each database management system uses a different data storage format and programming interface. ODBC is based on the call level interface (CLI) specification of the X/Open SQL Access Group. Open Hub. Enables distribution of data from an SAP BW system for external uses. Optimization. The capability to enable a process to execute and perform in such a way as to maximize performance, minimize resource utilization, and minimize the process execution response time delivered to the user. Output node. A message processing node that represents a point at which messages flow out of the message flow. Partition. Part of a database that consists of its own data, indexes, configuration files, and transaction logs. Pass-through. The act of passing the SQL for an operation directly to the data source without being changed by the federation server. Pivoting. Analysis operation where user takes a different viewpoint of the results. For example, by changing the way the dimensions are arranged. Plug-in node. An extension to the broker, written by a third-party developer, to provide a new message processing node or message parser in addition to those supplied with the product. Point-to-point. Style of application messaging in which the sending application knows the destination of the message. Predefined message. A message with a structure that is defined before the message is created or referenced. Process. An activity within or outside an SAP system with a defined start and end time. Process Variant. Name of the process. A process can have different variants. For example, in the loading process, the name of the InfoPackage represents the process variants. The user defines a process variant for the scheduling time. Primary Key. Field in a database table that is uniquely different for each record in the table. PSA. Persistent staging area: Flat files that hold extract data that has not yet been cleaned or transformed. Pushdown. The act of optimizing a data operation by pushing the SQL down to the lowest point in the federated architecture where that operation can be executed. More simply, a pushdown operation is one that is executed at a remote server. Queue Manager. A subsystem that provides queuing services to applications. It provides an application programming interface so that applications can access messages on the queues that are owned and managed by the queue manager. 194 BPM Meets BI Queue. A WebSphere MQ object. Applications can put messages on, and get messages from, a queue. A queue is owned and managed by a queue manager. A local queue is a type of queue that can contain a list of messages waiting to be processed. Other types of queues cannot contain messages but are used to point to other queues. RemoteCube. An InfoCube whose transaction data is managed externally rather than in SAP BW. ROLAP. Relational OLAP. Multi-dimensional analysis using a multi-dimensional view of relational data. A relational database is used as the underlying data structure. Roll-up. Iterative analysis , exploring facts at a higher level of summarization. Server. A device or computer that manages network resources, such as printers, files, databases, and network traffic. Shared nothing. A data management architecture where nothing is shared between processes. Each process has its own processor, memory, and disk space. Slice and Dice. Analysis across several dimensions and across many categories of data items. Typically to uncover business behavior and rules. SOAP. Defines a generic message format in XML. Static SQL. SQL that has been compiled prior to execution. Typically provides best performance. Subflow. A sequence of message processing nodes that can be included within a message flow. Subject Area. A logical grouping of data by categories, such as customers or items. Synchronous Messaging. A method of communication between programs in which a program places a message on a message queue and then waits for a reply before resuming its own processing. Thread. In WebSphere MQ, the lowest level of parallel execution available on an operating system platform. Type Mapping. The mapping of a specific data source type to a DB2 UDB data type. UDDI. A special Web service which allows users and applications to locate Web services. Unit of Work. A recoverable sequence of operations performed by an application between two points of consistency. User Mapping. An association made between the federated server user ID and password and the data source (to be accessed) user ID and password. Virtual Database. A federation of multiple heterogeneous relational databases. Warehouse Catalog. A subsystem that stores and manages all the system metadata. WebSphere MQ. A family of IBM licensed programs that provides message queuing services. Workbook. Microsoft Excel workbook with references to InfoProvider. Wrapper. The means by which a data federation engine interacts with heterogeneous sources of data. Wrappers take the SQL that the federation engine uses and maps it to the API of the data source to be accessed. For example, they take DB2 SQL and transform it to the language understood by the data source to be accessed. WSDL. Language to define specific SOAP messages interfaces understood by the Web services provider. XML. Defines a universal way of representing data, and an XML schema defines the format. xtree. A query-tree tool that allows you to monitor the query plan execution of individual queries in a graphical environment. Glossary 195 Zero latency. This is a term applied to a process where there are no delays as it goes from start to completion. 196 BPM Meets BI © Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved. 197 Related publications The publications listed in this section are considered particularly suitable for a more detailed discussion of the topics covered in this IBM redbook. IBM Redbooks For information on ordering these publications, see “How to get IBM Redbooks” on page 198. Note that some of the documents referenced here may be available in softcopy only.  Patterns: Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services, SG24-6303  On Demand Operating Environment: Creating Business Flexibility, SG24-6633  On Demand Operating Environment: Managing the Infrastructure, SG24-6634  WebSphere Product Family Overview and Architecture, SG24-6963  Preparing for DB2 Near-Realtime Business Intelligence, SG24-6071 Other publications These publications are also relevant as further information sources:  Best Practices in Business Performance Management: Business and Technical Strategies, TDWI report series, March 2004, Wayne Erickson, Director of Research at The Data Warehousing Institute (TDWI)  Building the Real-Time Enterprise by Colin White, President of BI Research, for TDWI Report Series, November 2003  Information integration - Extending the data warehouse, Dr. Barry Devlin, IBM Corporation  Information integration - Distributed access and data consolidation, Dr. Barry Devlin, IBM Corporation  IBM Business Performance Management: Leveraging Lotus Workplace Capabilities to monitor and manage business operations & systems, an IBM Document by Kenneth Perry and Kumar Bhaskaran 198 BPM Meets BI  Establishing a business performance management ecosystem, an IBM White paper  Enable dynamic behavior changes in business performance management solutions by incorporating business rules, an IBM White paper  Enable your applications, subsystems or components for business service management, an IBM White paper Online resources This Web site is also relevant as a further information source:  BPM Standards Group: http://www.bpmstandardsgroup.org How to get IBM Redbooks You can search for, view, or download IBM Redbooks, Redpapers, and Technotes, draft publications and additional materials, as well as order hardcopy IBM Redbooks or CD-ROMs, at this Web site: ibm.com/redbooks Help from IBM IBM Support and downloads: ibm.com/support IBM Global Services: ibm.com/services © Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved. 199 Index A Activity Editor 121 Adapter Development Kit 119 adaptive performance management 22 alerts 31, 34, 36, 47, 57 analytic application 9, 47, 60 analytic applications 28 analytical functions 63 Application adapters 118 application and data access services 100 ARIS to WebSphere MQ Workflow Bridge 116 B balanced scorecard 58 Basel II 17 BI (see business intelligence) BIRA (see Business Integration Reference Architec- ture) BPEL (see Business Process Execution Language) BPM 4, 8, 24 (also see business performance management) BPM Forum 15 BPM framework 22 BPM optimization cycle domains 52 BPM reference architecture 21 BPM solutions 20 BPM Standards Group 15 BPM definition 15 BSM (See business services management) business activity monitoring 1 Business analysis 104 business application services 100 Business dashboard 70 business event data 19 Business execution 29 Business Innovation and Optimization 2 Business integration 97 Business Integration Reference Architecture 98 business intelligence x, 2, 8, 13, 27, 135 assets 62 business perspective 30 operational 30 real-time x strategic 30 tactical 30 business modeling 52 Business Object Designer 121 Business objects 113 business performance management ix, 11, 14, 51 alerts 19 benefits 16 Business Service Management ix closed-loop system 51 common event infrastructure 53 functional components 22 IBM framework 23 Information Management ix Process Management ix reference architecture 21 services 99 strategy considerations 21 Business planning 29 Business process execution 102, 107 Business Process Execution Container 107 Business Process Execution Language 72, 102, 109 business process management enablers 51 Framework 51 Business process modeling 18 business processes 7 monitoring and managing 7 business rules 28, 71 business service management ix, 18, 75 C CBE (See Common Base Event) CEI (See Common Event Infrastructure) closed-loop system 19, 62 clustering services 101 collaborations 112 common base event 73 common event infrastructure 53, 72 domain 72 Common Object Request Broker Architecture 80 Composing Web services 115 200 BPM Meets BI CORBA 80, 112–113 corporate performance management 14 Cross-functional approach 180 cycle of activities 6 D DADx (see Document Access Definition Extension) dashboards x, 24, 28, 54, 56, 69 architecture 60 Business 70 executive 68 operational process 59, 67 tactical 58 Workflow 69 data consolidation 64, 134 data federation 64–65, 86, 134 Data mapping 113 data mart 24, 39 data mining 63 data partitioning 9 data replication 64 data warehouse x, 24, 128 continuous update 135 Data warehousing 128 DB2 Alphablox 55–56, 62, 64, 145, 166 DB2 command line 91 DB2 Content Manager 55–56, 63, 65 DB2 Control Center 66, 91–92 DB2 Data Warehouse Edition 63 DB2 isolation levels 139 DB2 UDB 8–9, 69 Bufferpools 138 Concurrency 139 Configuration recommendations 138 Data Partitioning 128 High availability 133 High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing 133 horizontal scalability 128 I/O Parallelism 130 parallelism 130 partitioning 130 see also DB2 Universal Database) snapshot monitor 139 vertical scalability 129 DB2 UDB Data Warehouse Edition 55–56 DB2 Universal Database 39, 42, 51, 127–128, 145 see also DB2 UDB 51 DB2 user-defined functions 86 DB2 Web service 82, 148 DB2 Web services consumer 85 DB2 Web services Object Runtime Framework 83 DB2 XML Extender 162 DCOM (Distributed Common Object Model) 80 Document Access Definition Extension 83 DRDA wrapper 89 dynamic process control 22 E E-business adapters 119 Eclipse 82, 119 Edge services 101 Empower Users 183 enterprise information integration 65 Enterprise Java Beans 68 Enterprise modeling 104 enterprise performance management 14 enterprise service bus 99 ESB (see Enterprise Service Bus) ETL 18, 64 ETL technology 64 European Basel Capital Accord 17 Event services 99 event-driven management 22 exception management 34 executive dashboard 58 extract, transform and load (see ETL) F FDL (see Flow Definition Language) federated server 88, 91 federated system 87 Flow Definition Language 72, 104, 116, 151 Flow Definition Markup Language 106 Functional approach 180 H high availability 9 HP Multi-Computer/ServiceGuard 133 I IBM DB2 UDB (see DB2 UDB) IDS Scheer ARIS Tool 116 IIOP (see Internet Inter-ORB Protocol) Information Management ix Information services 99 Index 201 information silos 13 infrastructure services 100 Interaction options 114 Internet Inter-ORB Protocol 81 IT and BPM infrastructures 53 models 53 objectives and performance 53 resources 52 service level agreement 52 J J2EE 68, 105 J2EE Connector Architecture (JCA) 114 J2SE 68 Java 68 Java RMI (Remote Method Invocation) 80 JDBC 68 K key performance indicators x, 7, 9, 12 KPI 31, 47, 58, 181 also see key performance indicators characteristics 182 L Lotus Workplace 51, 60 M Mainframe adapters 119 Map Designer 113, 121 Materialized Query Tables 136 Aggregate performance tuning 137 refresh deferred 136 refresh immediate 136 system maintained 136 user-maintained 136 Mediation services 99 Message Broker Toolkit 117 Message Repository Manager 117 metric 181 Microsoft Cluster Server 133 Microsoft SQL Server 88 model-based approach 6 MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) 129 MQSeries Everyplace 117 MQT (see Materialized Query Tables) Multidimenstional Clustering 135 N near real-time 8 near real-time business intelligence 28 near real-time updating 64 nickname 86, 90 O OASIS (See Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) Object Discovery Agent 119, 121 Development Kit 119 Object Request Broker 81 ODS 39 OLAP databases 24 operational business intelligence 29–30 optimizing business performance 2 Organization for the Advancement of Structured In- formation Standards 73 P parallelism 9 Partner services 100 performance metrics 12 Performance simulation 104 Phantom Read Phenomenon 138 Platform 51 portal 56 Process Designer 121 process domain 69 Process Management ix Process modeling 104 process monitoring 16 Process services 99 products supporting the BPM framework 55 property broker 61 Protocol Handler Framework 114 Q Query Parallelism 130 Inter-Query 130 Intra-Query 131 Query Processing Inter-Partition 132 Intra-Partition 131 [...]... business performance management (BPM) and its integration with business intelligence BPM is all about taking a holistic approach for managing business performance and achieving the business goals Businesses align strategic and operational objectives, and business activities, to fully manage performance through more informed and proactive decision making This holistic approach enables the integration and use... architectures, and approaches for implementing BPM as a proactive means of managing the attainment of business measurements and business goals INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL SUPPORT ORGANIZATION BUILDING TECHNICAL INFORMATION BASED ON PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE IBM Redbooks are developed by the IBM International Technical Support Organization Experts from IBM, Customers and Partners from around the world create timely... and represents a significant competitive advantage In this redbook, we demonstrate how BPM can be enabled, using DB2 for data warehousing and WebSphere Business Integration for monitoring and managing the business processes The result is proactive business performance management and problem avoidance, in addition to the more typical reactive problem impact minimization We also discuss techniques, architectures,... Meets BI Business Performance Management Meets Business Intelligence (0.2”spine) 0.17”0.473” 90249 pages Back cover ® Business Performance Management Meets Business Intelligence Proactive monitoring and management to maximize business performance Continuous data workflows for real-time business intelligence Information integration for an enterprise view In this IBM Redbook, we discuss business. .. and use of business intelligence, process management, business service management, activity monitoring, and corporate performance management to achieve a single view of their enterprise Businesses are evolving to an environment capable of supporting continuous data flow, which enables the support of business intelligence environments with more current data This is referred to as real-time business intelligence,... scalability 9 scorecard 34, 54, 58 security and directory services 100 Server Access Interface 112, 114 service level agreement (SLA) 52 Service Oriented Architecture 101–102 services application and data access 100 business performance management 99 event 99 infrastructure 101 mediation 99 Partner 100 security and directory 101 virtualization 101 services-oriented architecture 79 shared nothing architecture...R Rapid Deployment Wizard 116 real-time 9 real-time business intelligence x real-time environment 8 Redbooks Web site 198 Contact us xiii register a wrapper 92 register nickname 92 register server definition 92 Relationship Designer 113, 122 Remote Procedure Call 81 role-based dashboard 77 role-based workplaces 61 RosettaNet 124 RPC (see Remote Procedure Call) S Sarbanes-Oxley 14, 17 scalability... WebSphere Business Integration Connect 122 WebSphere Business Integration Message Broker 116, 118 Overview 114 WebSphere Business Integration Modeler 104, 114 also see WBI Modeler 104 WebSphere Business Integration Monitor 105, 145 also see WBI Monitor 105 Business Dashboard 105 Workflow Dashboard 105 WebSphere Business Integration Server 74, 111, 118 Foundation 105 WebSphere Business Integration Toolset... Portal 51, 60, 145 WebSphere Portal Portlets 62 WebSphere Portal Server 170 WebSphere Process Choreographer 110 WebSphere Studio 82, 169 WebSphere Studio Application Developer 145 Integration Edition 109 WebSphere Studio Page Designer 116 Workflow dashboard 69 Workflow integration 104 Workflow Management Coalition 151 World Wide Web Consortium 79 wrapper 86, 89 WSDL (see Web Service Description Language)... 120 Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (see UDDI) unstructured content 68 User interaction services 99 V value chain 22 VERITAS Cluster Server 133 virtualization services 100 W W3C (see World Wide Web Consortium) WBI (see WebSphere Business Integration) WBI Adapters 112 WBI Message Broker 69, 112 WBI Modeler (also see WebSphere Business Integration Modeler) WBI Monitor 69, 160 also see . non-relational database management systems. Using this API, database applications can access data stored in database management systems on a variety of computers even if each database management. 119 adaptive performance management 22 alerts 31, 34, 36, 47, 57 analytic application 9, 47, 60 analytic applications 28 analytical functions 63 Application adapters 118 application and data access services. externally rather than in SAP BW. ROLAP. Relational OLAP. Multi-dimensional analysis using a multi-dimensional view of relational data. A relational database is used as the underlying data structure. Roll-up.