Dự án nông nghiệp " Improvement of Vietnamese vegetable production using GAP principles for seed and seedling production and superior hybrid varieties " MS2 docx

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Dự án nông nghiệp " Improvement of Vietnamese vegetable production using GAP principles for seed and seedling production and superior hybrid varieties " MS2 docx

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Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development Project Progress Report CARD 025/06/VIE Improvement of Vietnamese vegetable production using GAP principles for seed and seedling production and superior hybrid varieties MS2: FIRST SIX-MONTHLY REPORT 10 October 2007 1 Table of Contents 1. Institute Information ___________________________________________________ 1 2. Project Abstract _______________________________________________________ 2 3. Executive Summary ____________________________________________________ 2 4. Introduction & Background _____________________________________________ 2 5. Progress to Date_______________________________________________________ 3 5.1 Implementation Highlights________________________________________________ 3 5.2 Smallholder Benefits _____________________________________________________ 4 5.3 Capacity Building _______________________________________________________ 4 5.4 Publicity _______________________________________________________________ 4 5.5 Project Management _____________________________________________________ 4 6. Report on Cross-Cutting Issues___________________________________________ 5 6.1 Environment ___________________________________________________________ 5 6.2 Gender and Social Issues _________________________________________________ 5 7. Implementation & Sustainability Issues ____________________________________ 5 7.1 Issues and Constraints____________________________________________________ 5 7.2 Options ________________________________________________________________ 5 7.3 Sustainability ___________________________________________________________ 6 8. Next Critical Steps _____________________________________________________ 6 9. Conclusion ___________________________________________________________ 6 10. Statuatory Declaration__________________________Error! Bookmark not defined. 1 1. Institute Information Project Name Improvement of Vietnamese vegetable production using GAP principles for seed and seedling production and superior hybrid varieties Vietnamese Institution Fruit and Vegetable Research Institute Vietnamese Project Team Leader Associate Prof Dr. Tran Khac Thi. Australian Organisation Centre for Plant & Food Science University of Western Sydney Australian Personnel Robert Spooner-Hart Oleg Nicetic Tony Haigh Peter Hanson (AVRDC) Date commenced March 2007 Completion date (original) February 2010 Completion date (revised) Reporting period September 2007 Contact Officer(s) In Australia: Team Leader Name: Robert Spooner-Hart Telephone: 0245 701429 Position: Associate Professor, Leader Sustainable Plant Production Systems Fax: 0245 701103 Organisation Centre for Plant & Food Science University of Western Sydney Email: r.spooner- hart@uws.edu.au In Australia: Administrative contact Name: Mr Gar Jones Telephone: 0247360631 Position: Director, Office of Research Services Fax: 024736 0905 Organisation University of Western Sydney Email: g.jones@uws.edu.au In Vietnam Name: Telephone: Position: Fax: Organisation Email: 1 2. Project Abstract The project aims to develop capacity in three Vietnamese research organisations, the Fruit and Vegetable Research Institute Hanoi, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry and the Potato Vegetable and Flower Research Centre Institute Da Lat, in evaluation and use of disease-resistant hybrids as part of Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) in vegetable production. Superior tomato hybrids resistant to geminivirus from the World Vegetable Centre as well as cucurbits resistant to mildews, will be evaluated for performance in North, Central and Central Highlands regions over two seasons. Superior varieties will be used in farmer demonstration trials in five locations in each region, together with IPDM involving use of PSOs and record keeping. Farmers will participate in demonstration trial evaluations, which will be supported by Farmer Field Schools conducted by PPD. The project includes key commercial companies, and will involve them in developing GAP for seed and seedling production. Training will include a technical visit to Australia and workshops. Selected superior germplasm will be supplied to seed companies for production and distribution to farmers. The project will reduce use of pesticides in vegetable production, increase food safety and farmer incomes. It will also reduce Viet Nam’s reliance on imported vegetable seed. . 3. Executive Summary The project is on target to achieve its milestones. A successful stakeholders meeting was held in February 2007, at FAVRI, Hanoi, followed by visits to the 3 regions to finalise the variety evaluation trials. Vegetable varieties have been selected by all of the project participating evaluators (including local and new varieties), and required tomato seed material has been produced and sent to the participants by Peter Hanson, AVRDC. The first season’s variety evaluations have commenced in Hanoi and Lam Dong, and will commence in the HUAF in November 2007. Visits and interviews for the baseline study, interviewing vegetable seed and seedling producers in the Red River Delta, Central Coast and Lam Dong/HCMC as well as Hanoi vegetable markets were conducted in July by staff from FAVRI with Robert Spooner-Hart and Oleg Nicetic. Interviews of Metro Staff will be conducted in December. The GAP workshop has been scheduled in Hanoi for early December, and a workshop schedule and participant list has been completed. Planning with PPD and NIPP for TOT and FFS components of the project in 2008 is underway. 4. Introduction & Background Vegetable production in Viet Nam has increased by around 30% in the last decade with an area of 614,500 ha planted in 2005. Average productivity in 2004 was 14.8 tons/ha with the total annual production exceeding 9 million tons. Higher production has allowed increased domestic per capita vegetable consumption as well as export of a range of vegetables. Vegetables constitute 60% of the total value of Vietnamese exports of fruit, vegetables and ornamental plants, which had an average annual value of US$224.4 million in the period 2000-2004 with a target of US$690 million to be reached by 2010. Tomato and cucumber and other cucurbits are the most stable of vegetable export products. Tomato can be produced for 9 months of the year and provides a much higher net return than rice (30 million VND/ha 2 for tomato vs 15 million VND/ha for rice), making tomato production a popular choice for farmers. Despite the substantial and largely successful development of vegetable production in Viet Nam, vegetable farming still faces considerable problems, particularly quality production of vegetable seed and seedlings, and vegetable food safety. In Viet Nam approximately 8000 tonnes of vegetable seeds are planted every year. More than half of these seeds are imported, 41% is produced by local farmers and only 7% is supplied by local seed companies. Seeds produced by local farmers are commonly of poor quality, resulting in low yield while imported seeds cost the Vietnamese economy millions of dollars. Vegetable seedling production in nurseries or by farmers in many provinces uses very simple technology with high labour costs, which has further contributed to low farm yield and production efficiency. With the increased intensity of vegetable production, concerns about vegetable food safety have escalated, especially the high quantity of pesticides (10 -12 times/ plant cycle) and fertilizers applied to small plots of land used for vegetable production, particularly in peri-urban areas, in an attempt to boost production. The lack of pest and disease tolerant/resistant varieties has added to this problem. Recent studies have found that in Hanoi 9% of all vegetable samples exceeded pesticide residue limits by 5-10 times and 7% of samples were found to have residues of banned pesticides. As a result, there are annually thousands of food poisoning cases due to eating vegetables with high pesticide residues (MALICA, 2003). In addition, pesticide overuse has resulted in increased pest damage caused by natural enemy destruction and development of pesticide resistance. Good agricultural practice (GAP) principles, together with results of several international projects involving the current project collaborators, provide a solid base for improvement of vegetable seed and seedling production that will result in increased production of safe, high quality vegetables. The proposed project will utilise results from these projects to develop pilot tomato and cucumber seed and seedling production systems primarily using TYLCV and other disease-resistant tomato genetic material from AVRDC, and downy and powdery mildew resistant cucurbit material developed in FAVRI, and comparing the production with local varieties. The evaluation trials will be undertaken by the project’s collaborating institutions over 2 seasons in 3 important vegetable production regions in Viet Nam, the Red River Delta, the Central Coast and the Central/Southern Highlands. The demonstrated superior varieties will be further evaluated in farmer demonstrations over 2 seasons, which will form a key component, together with PSO-based IPDM, in Farmer Field Schools (FFS). An identified serious capacity gap is that Viet Nam does not sufficient parental material to allow production of virus-resistant hybrid varieties such as those developed in Taiwan at AVRDC. After evaluation at these sites, superior varieties will be provided to commercial seed and seedling producing companies. The project will also develop GAP protocols for tomato and cucurbit seed, seedling and field production, and a GAP manual. The project will also provide direct contact between leading Australian and Vietnamese seed producing companies and seedling nurseries that will facilitate introduction of high-quality production technology to Viet Nam. 5. Progress to Date 5.1 Implementation Highlights The stakeholders’ meeting was held at FAVRI, Hanoi on March 1 2007, with 20 participants (see Appendix 1). Following the meeting, Robert Spooner-Hart, Oleg Nicetic, Peter Hansen and FAVRI staff Pham My Linh and Li Thi Ha travelled to HUAF, Lam Dong province and 3 IAS HCM City, to meet with researchers and inspect facilities for the evaluation trials and to visit tomato, cucumber and other vegetable farmers. In June-July 2007, Robert Spooner-Hart and Oleg Nicetic, with FAVRI staff, conducted a baseline study of seed and seedling producers, as well having discussions with provincial extension staff, in the Red River Delta (Hung Yen, Vinh Phuc), Central Coast (Da Nang, Quang Nam) and Central/Southern Highlands (Lam Dong), and HCM city. Baseline survey interviews were conducted in all locations. In addition, the team visited several communes producing “safe vegetables”, although these were leafy vegetables: there are currently no “safe” cucumbers or tomatoes produced in Viet Nam. The baseline survey included visits to the Hanoi vegetable markets and to Metro, to assess quality, source and price of tomatoes and cucumbers. The selection of tomato and cucumber varieties (both introduced and local) for all evaluation sites has been completed, together with development of protocols for evaluation trials. Selected seed has been transferred from AVRDC to the project partners, and the first season evaluations are currently underway in FAVRI and PVFC. Oleg Nicetic visited FAVRI on September 24, 2007 to finalise the development of the GAP workshop program, scheduled for early December. 5.2 Smallholder Benefits It is too early in the project to see smallholder benefits. However, the project team identified likely benefits during the March and June-July visits. 5.3 Capacity Building FAVRI have played a major role in project coordination, and capacity for this activity has been developed through interaction with the Australian and Vietnamese leading institutions. In addition, UWS has developed an improved understanding of the range of technology and skills in vegetable seed, seedling and vegetable production across a number of widely dispersed regions in Viet Nam. 5.4 Publicity University of Western Sydney has published a media release on the project, Addressing the GAP in Vietnamese Vegetables in June 2007 (see Appendix 2). Is there any project publicity: articles, radio, television etc. from FAVRI?? 5.5 Project Management The project management is progressing well, despite Robert Spooner-Hart experiencing personal and health problems during this period. The project team has gelled well, and we are pleased with the completion of project activities to date. The Vietnamese Project Team has demonstrated good project management skills and a significant insight into the project. They have translated all survey questions into Vietnamese, assisted in conducting the baseline surveys, and will translate the survey 4 answers into English. Organisation has been very good, both of the stakeholders’ meeting and the field visits, including baseline studies. The Australian participants have spent more time in Vietnam on this project than initially envisaged, although Robert Spooner-Hart experienced personal problems in May and July with death of his daughter and mother-in- law, respectively. It should be noted that with Robert’s urgent departure from Viet Nam for the funeral, FAVRI staff stepped in and completed the last of the surveys themselves. 6. Report on Cross-Cutting Issues 6.1 Environment While it is still early in the project, the development of “safe vegetable” production in leafy vegetables has been identified as a possible model for tomato and cucumber production. The impact of drought (and therefore water shortage) on vegetable production was noted in Lam Dong province in March 2007 and in Quang Nam province in July 2007. Continuing problems with water shortage, at least at certain times in the year, may necessitate investigation of more efficient water use technologies for economically sustainable vegetable production. In addition, Lam Dong is one of the provinces where grafting of tomatoes commonly takes place for control of bacterial wilt, but this technique is rare in the other provinces, although a workshop has been recently conducted by FAVRI. Thus we have identified that grafting of tomatoes is a practice that could be introduced as part of GAP in the other project provinces. 6.2 Gender and Social Issues The project team has a good gender balance, with 4 female plant breeders playing key roles. There was also a reasonable gender balance in the seed and seedling producers/distributors. This aspect will be reported further in the baseline survey report. 7. Implementation & Sustainability Issues 7.1 Issues and Constraints An important constraint of the project is limited resources available to the Vietnamese scientists and researchers, particularly those at FAVRI, to travel outside their local region. This is an important issue in a multi-site project such as VIE 025/06. To facilitate this, UWS has provided additional funding support for such travel. The recent rise in the value of the AUD has also assisted funding for this activity. 7.2 Options The timing of the visit to Australia by Vietnamese participants, scheduled for July 2008 has been reviewed by the project management team. It was recognised that July was not optimal, because of other project activities including the farmer baseline study in June-July, nor was it an ideal time to see tomato and cucumber seedling and field production in Australia. We have therefore decided to move this activity to October 2008. 5 7.3 Sustainability No other issues have been identified to date. 8. Next Critical Steps The baseline studies of seed and seedling production and exploration of Hanoi markets for tomato and cucumbers will be completed, during the December 2007 visit by Robert Spooner-Hart and Oleg Nicetic. This will involve interviews with senior staff from Metro, and a further (winter) survey of the Hanoi markets to determine source, quality and price of tomatoes and cucumbers, which will complement the summer survey. The Metro visit will be facilitated through collaboration with personnel from CARD project VIE 021/06, and will specifically address attitudes to and any marketing benefits of tomatoes and cucumbers grown under GAP. The GAP workshop will be held in Hanoi in December 3-5, 2007. The project team decided to change the location of this workshop from Hue, because HUAF was unable to host the workshop on their campus, and the high costs for a hotel venue in Hue, together with the costs of internal air travel (particularly for the Vietnamese participants) made the projected workshop budget prohibitive. The number of participants for this workshop is approximately 30. In addition, at least two Vietnamese and two Australian staff from CARD VN 021/06 will attend the GAP workshop, an agreement which was made during a meeting between Gordon Rogers, Robert Spooner-Hart and Oleg Nicetic in August, 2007 . Peter Hanson will visit the variety evaluation sites: namely FAVRI, HUAF and PVFC/Lam Dong in December 2007, to assist in the first season variety assessments. The second season evaluations will be conducted during the first 6 months of 2008. The project team will review the success (and limitations) of the first evaluation trials, initially at the project review meeting following the GAP workshop and then on completion of all trials in February-March 2008, and will modify the protocols and procedures for second trials accordingly. 9. Conclusion A good working relationship has developed within the project leadership team. The high level of enthusiasm for this project, efficient planning, and open communication between project personnel and sustained efforts have resulted in completion of the project activities on time. The first project review meeting, scheduled immediately after the GAP workshop, should provide useful feedback from the participants, and may lead to some project modifications. 6 7 Project Progress Against Proposed Objectives, Outputs, Activities And Inputs Project Title: Improvement of Vietnamese vegetable seed and seedling production usin g GAP principles and superior h y brid varieties Vietnamese Implementing Institution: Fruit and Vegetable Research Institute (FAVRI), Hanoi PROPOSAL PROGRESS REPORT Narrative Information Required Performance Measures Assumptions Information Required OBJECTIVES 1. Conduct GAP baseline study of vegetable seed and seedling production facilities, and draft protocols for seed and seedling production aligned to GAP principles seedling production and (for farmers IPDM, record keeping and health & safety) . Baseline established, including production and financial information where possible Enhanced capacity of GOs and to private industry to implement GAP in vegetable production. Low risk, because all key collaborators have experience in surveying farmers and key producers in their regions, and UWS has already conducted similar surveys in previous CARD project Also, the method to be employed has been proven in previous CARD projects on citrus and in The baseline study needs to be split into two parts, with the first year (2007) compiling baseline data for seed and seedling producers and year 2 (2008) involving baseline data from farmers. The reasons for this is that the villages where FFS will be conducted had not been determined by July 2007, and the FFS do not commence until mid 2008 8 [...]... Establishment of baseline data on current practices for vegetable seed and seedling production and development of protocols for vegetable seed and seedling production aligned to GAP Baseline data report accepted by CARD Risk low, many varieties for evaluation already identified, satisfactory discussions already completed with AVRDC and FAVRI for access to their superior varieties All participating organisations... capacity and facilities to conduct seedling production and varietal evaluation Evaluation protocols have been developed They now include more local varieties, and in some cases, SSC varieties 11 UWS will provide support for experimental design and protocols 3.1 Superior seed varieties for evaluation introduced and distributed Signed MTA copy provided List of selected varieties for evaluation accepted and. .. February and confirmed availability of suitable facilities for Workshop scheduled for December 3-5 13 locations for evaluation trials and seedling production 3.1.1 Negotiate and sign Materials Transfer Agreement with AVRDC 3.1.2 Final identification of latest AVRDC, FAVRI and other varieties for evaluation 3.2.1 Trials conducted according to protocols in Objective 2 3.2.2 Comparative data analysed and compared... including rice 2 Establish small-scale pilot vegetable variety evaluation and seedling production in each of 3 regions based on drafted protocols Once established, these production facilities will be use for demonstrations and training Trials and facilities established to agreed protocols, and variety evaluation trials successfully carried out to provide data required for Objective 3 Low risk as collaborators... 3.2 Superior varieties evaluated and determined over 2 seasons in 3 regions Experimental data completed and analysed Superior varieties identified Article written on varietal trials Potential risks occur with all biological trials associated with weather and other perturbations Risk low, many varieties for evaluation already identified, satisfactory discussions already completed with AVRDC and FAVRI for. .. associated with weather and other perturbations 9 3 Evaluate new hybrids of AVRDC’s TYLCV resistant tomato varieties and mildew resistant cucumber varieties developed by FAVRI in 3 regions, as well as local varieties OUTPUTS Varietal evaluation report completed, summarising data at the 3 evaluation locations for 2 seasons Results of trials published in refereed journal 1.1 Establishment of baseline data on... workshop Draft protocols agreed and promulgated Reviewed evaluation protocols finalised Draft protocols partly drawn up, will be finalised for the GAP workshop in December 2008 Evaluation for first season discussed and finalised in July To be further discussed in project meeting scheduled after GAP workshop, and at completion of first season evaluation (March 2008) Availability of facilities Completed All... for Objective 3 Low risk as collaborators in all 3 locations have capacity and facilities to conduct seedling production and varietal evaluation UWS will provide support for experimental design and protocols Overall, consistent with original objectives However, as Lam Dong province does not produce any cucumbers, some evaluation of cucumbers in the south will be undertaken by the industry project partner,... crops including rice 1.2 Development of baseline GAP draft protocols 2.1 Draft evaluation trial protocols completed Final draft GAP protocols reported to CARD and accepted Draft evaluation trial protocols completed and accepted by all participants, and availability of suitable facilities confirmed As above These have been developed, but will be discussed at the GAP workshop in December 2007 Low risk... Completed Discussions between FAVRI and AVRDI ensured that previous agreements covered MTA Completed Identification of varieties for evaluation in season 1 finalised with AVRDC, FAVRI, HUAF and PVFC Trials currently underway in FAVRI, PVFC To commence in November in HUAF List of selected varieties Trials satisfactorily completed Data analysis completed Cannot be completed for season 1 until data from all . Information Project Name Improvement of Vietnamese vegetable production using GAP principles for seed and seedling production and superior hybrid varieties Vietnamese Institution Fruit and. baseline study of vegetable seed and seedling production facilities, and draft protocols for seed and seedling production aligned to GAP principles seedling production and (for farmers. Establishment of baseline data on current practices for vegetable seed and seedling production and development of protocols for vegetable seed and seedling production aligned to GAP . Baseline

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