ASSESSMENT OF THE LEADERSHIP STANDARDS OF THE SECONDARY SCHOOL LEADERS IN HAI PHONG CITY: BASIS FOR AN INTERVENTION PROGRAM A Dissertation Presented To The Faculty of the Graduate School Southern Luzon State University, the Philippines In Collaboration with Thai Nguyen University Socialist Republic of Vietnam In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy In Educational Management NGUYEN THI DAT KHOA - (LUCY) April 2014 APPROVAL SHEET In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management, this research entitled “Assessment of the Leadership Standards of the Secondary School Leaders in Hai Phong City: Basis for an Intervention Program” has been prepared and submitted by Nguyen Thi Dat Khoa (Lucy) and is hereby recommended for oral examination _ DR RICARYL CATHERINE P CRUZ Research Adviser Approved by the Oral Examination Committee, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management offered by Southern Luzon State University, Republic of the Philippines in collaboration with Thai Nguyen University, Socialist Republic of Vietnam Member Chairman _ Member DR SUSANA A SALVACION Dean, Graduate School Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management offered by Southern Luzon State University, Republic of the Philippines in collaboration with Thai Nguyen University, Socialist Republic of Vietnam Date DR WALBERTO A MACARAAN Vice President for Academic Afairs ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Writing a doctoral dissertation is a gratifying but difficult and sometimes nerve wrecking endeavor that only few engaged in because it requires a lot of sacrifices and hard work from the researcher However, at the end of the task, one experiences a wonderful feeling of joy, happiness, relief and fulfillment The researcher would like to extend her sincerest gratitude and thanks to the following people who were very instrumental in the fulfillment of this research DR CECILIA N GASCON, President of the Southern Luzon State University in the Republic of the Philippines, for her untiring effort and belief that this collaboration is possible thus enabling her to pursue the Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management; DR DANG KIM VUI, President of Thai Nguyen in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, for his untiring effort and belief that this collaboration is worthy for implementation; DR NGUYEN THE HUNG, Director of the International Training Center, Thai Nguyen University of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, for his significant concern to provide the Vietnamese people an opportunity to grow through education; DR RICARYL CATHERINE P CRUZ, her adviser, for the guidance and endless support for the improvement of this study DR APOLONIA A ESPINOSA, DR WALBERTO A MACARAAN, DR BELLA R MUELLO, and DR TERESITA V DE LA CRUZ who composed the Oral Defense Committee, for their suggestions, comments and corrections to improve this study; ITC STAFF, for providing the necessary research materials; HER FAMILY and FRIENDS, for the love and support in one way or the other; And TO ALL who have contributed to make this study a success iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page Page APPROVAL SHEET ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF TABLES vi LIST OF FIGURES viii LIST OF APPENDICES ix ABSTRACT x Chapter I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Objectives of the Study Hypothesis Significance of the Study Scope and Limitation of the Study Definition of Terms Chapter II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 12 AND STUDIES Related Literature and Study 12 Conceptual Framework 29 Research Paradigm 31 iv Chapter III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 32 Locale of the Study 32 Research Design 32 Respondents of the Study 32 Instrumentation 33 Data Gathering Procedure 34 Statistical Treatment 34 Chapter IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 38 Profile of respondents 38 Perception of the Respondents on the Current Leadership Standards of the Secondary School Leaders in Hai Phong City 46 Perception of the Respondents on the Current Leadership Standards of the Secondary School Leaders in Hai Phong City 55 Proposed Intervention Program 68 Chapter V SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 76 Summary 76 Findings 76 Conclusions 78 Recommendations 79 BIBLIOGRAPHY 80 APPENDICES 83 CURRICULUM VITAE 123 v LIST OF TABLES Table Page Scale of values 34 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents' Profile in Terms of Age 38 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents' Profile in Terms of Gender 39 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents' Profile in Terms of Civil Status 39 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents' Profile in Terms of Educational Attainment 40 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents' Profile in Terms of Monthly Income 42 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents' Profile in Terms of Length of Service 43 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents' Profile in Terms of Length of Management Experience 43 Mean Distribution of the Responses on the Leadership Standards of the Secondary School Leaders in Hai Phong City in terms of Shared Vision 46 10 Mean Distribution of the Responses on the Leadership Standards of the Secondary School Leaders in Hai Phong City in Terms of Culture of Learning 48 11 Mean Distribution of Responses on the Leadership Standards of the Secondary School Leaders in Hai Phong City in Terms of Management 49 12 Mean Distribution of the Responses on the Leadership Standards of the Secondary School Leaders in Hai Phong City in Terms of Family and Community 51 13 Mean Distribution of the Responses on the Leadership Standards of the Secondary School Leaders in Hai Phong City in Terms of Ethics 52 14 Mean Distribution of the Responses on the Leadership Standards of the Secondary School Leaders in Haiphong City in Terms of Societal Context 54 15 Correlation of the Responses on Shared vision with profile of Respondent 55 vi 16 Correlation of the Responses on Culture of Learning with profile of Respondent 57 17 Correlation of the Responses on Management with profile of Respondent 60 18 Correlation of the Responses on Family and Community with profile of Respondent 62 19 Correlation of the Responses on Ethics with profile of Respondent 64 20 Correlation of the Responses on Societal Context with profile of Respondent 66 vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page Input-Process-Output on the Perceived Leadership Standards Of the Secondary School Leaders: Basis for an Intervention 31 Administrative Map of Hai Phong City 37 viii LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix Page A Letter to Respondents and Questionnaire 83 B Raw Data 91 C Weighted mean for Gender, age in leadership standards of Shared Vision; Culture of Learning; Management; Family and Community; Ethics; and Societal Context 99 D E F Weighted mean Monthly income, Civil status, Education attainment in leadership standards of Shared Vision; Culture of Learning; Management; Family and Community; Ethics; and Societal Context 100 Weighted mean for Length of service, Length of management experiences in leadership standards of Shared Vision; Culture of Learning; Management; Family and Community; Ethics; and Societal Context 101 Chi – Square Analysis between Share vision and Profile of the principal asked 102 ix Title: ASSESSMENT OF THE LEADERSHIP STANDARDS OF THE SECONDARY SCHOOL LEADERS IN HAI PHONG CITY: BASIS FOR AN INTERVENTION PROGRAM Researcher: NGUYEN THI DAT KHOA – LUCY Degree Doctor of Philosophy, Educational Management Nam/ Address of the Southern Luzon State University Institution Graduate School Lucban, Quezon Date Completed April 2014 Adviser DR RICARYL CATHERINE P CRUZ ABSTRACT The primary intent of this study was an assessment of the leadership standards of the secondary school leaders in Hai Phong City, as a basis for intervention program The leadership standards of the secondary school leaders essential for analysis are shared vision, culture of learning, management, family and community, ethics, and societal context This includes the perception of the respondents on the current leadership standards of the secondary school leaders in Hai Phong City; determine the problems encountered in the current leadership standards of the secondary school leaders; ascertain the significant difference on the problems encountered when the respondents are grouped according to their profile and propose an intervention program to enhance the leadership standard of the secondary school leaders in Haiphong City This study used correlation in analyzing the variables Measurement of the leadership standards of the secondary school leaders is limited from the questionnaire The questionnaire was used as a major data-gathering instrument and the unstructured interview was done to cross check the responses of the respondents There x Q5 * Civil Status Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 2,826 a ,243 Likelihood Ratio 3,240 ,198 Linear-by-Linear Association 2,638 ,104 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (50,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,30 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,118 ,118 Cramer's V ,243 ,243 N of Valid Cases 203 Q6 * Civil Status Chi-Square Tests Value df ,918a Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio ,632 1,054 Linear-by-Linear Association Asymp Sig (2sided) ,590 ,911 N of Valid Cases ,340 203 a cells (66,7%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,03 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,067 ,632 ,067 ,632 203 110 Share vision* Educational Attainment Q1*Educational Attainment Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 5,232a ,156 Likelihood Ratio 5,990 ,112 Linear-by-Linear Association 3,777 ,052 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (50,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,81 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,161 ,161 Cramer's V ,156 ,156 N of Valid Cases 203 Q2 * Educational Attainment Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 7,050a ,632 Likelihood Ratio 8,061 ,528 Linear-by-Linear Association 2,777 ,096 N of Valid Cases 203 a 10 cells (62,5%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,09 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,186 ,632 ,108 ,632 203 111 Q3 * Educational Attainment Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 7,380 a ,287 Likelihood Ratio 9,442 ,150 Linear-by-Linear Association 2,495 ,114 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (58,3%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,24 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,191 ,135 Cramer's V ,287 ,287 N of Valid Cases 203 Q4 * Educational Attainment Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 8,759a ,460 Likelihood Ratio 9,636 ,381 Linear-by-Linear Association 1,173 ,279 N of Valid Cases 203 a 11 cells (68,8%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,24 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,208 ,460 ,120 ,460 203 112 Q5 * Educational Attainment Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 14,750 a ,022 Likelihood Ratio 15,997 ,014 Linear-by-Linear Association 1,462 ,227 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (58,3%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,10 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,270 ,191 Cramer's V ,022 ,022 N of Valid Cases 203 Q6 * Educational Attainment Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 5,881a ,437 Likelihood Ratio 6,407 ,379 Linear-by-Linear Association 2,635 ,105 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (66,7%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,01 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,170 ,437 ,120 ,437 203 113 Share vision* Monthly Income Q1* Monthly Income Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 3,279a ,351 Likelihood Ratio 3,608 ,307 Linear-by-Linear Association ,837 ,360 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (25,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,40 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,127 ,127 Cramer's V ,351 ,351 N of Valid Cases 203 Q2 * Monthly Income Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 11,490a ,244 Likelihood Ratio 13,350 ,147 Linear-by-Linear Association 2,067 ,150 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (43,8%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,04 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,238 ,244 ,137 ,244 203 114 Q3 * Monthly Income Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 4,124 a ,660 Likelihood Ratio 4,593 ,597 Linear-by-Linear Association 1,159 ,282 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (25,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,12 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,143 ,101 Cramer's V ,660 ,660 N of Valid Cases 203 Q4 * Monthly Income Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 6,979a ,639 Likelihood Ratio 7,496 ,586 Linear-by-Linear Association ,451 N of Valid Cases ,502 203 a cells (25,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,12 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,185 ,639 ,107 ,639 203 115 Q5 * Monthly Income Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 5,674 a ,461 Likelihood Ratio 6,201 ,401 Linear-by-Linear Association ,245 ,620 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (50,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,05 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,167 ,118 Cramer's V ,461 ,461 N of Valid Cases 203 Q6 * Monthly Income Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 4,319a ,634 Likelihood Ratio 4,912 ,555 Linear-by-Linear Association ,726 N of Valid Cases ,394 203 a cells (50,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,00 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,146 ,634 ,103 ,634 203 116 Share vision* Length of service Q1* Length of service Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 3,936a ,415 Likelihood Ratio 4,034 ,401 Linear-by-Linear Association 2,252 ,133 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (20,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is 2,02 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,139 ,139 Cramer's V ,415 ,415 N of Valid Cases 203 Q2 * Length of service Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 14,854a 12 ,250 Likelihood Ratio 16,081 12 ,188 Linear-by-Linear Association 3,172 ,075 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (40,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,22 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,271 ,250 ,156 ,250 203 117 Q3 * Length of service Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 21,594 a ,006 Likelihood Ratio 22,450 ,004 Linear-by-Linear Association 1,276 ,259 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (33,3%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,59 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,326 ,231 Cramer's V ,006 ,006 N of Valid Cases 203 Q4 * Length of service Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 8,063a 12 ,780 Likelihood Ratio 9,383 12 ,670 Linear-by-Linear Association ,386 N of Valid Cases ,534 203 a cells (30,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,59 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,199 ,780 ,115 ,780 203 118 Q5 * Length of service Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 8,024a ,431 Likelihood Ratio 9,554 ,298 Linear-by-Linear Association ,293 N of Valid Cases ,588 203 a cells (46,7%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,25 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,199 ,141 Cramer's V ,431 ,431 N of Valid Cases 203 Q6 * Length of service Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 11,561a ,172 Likelihood Ratio 11,553 ,172 Linear-by-Linear Association ,746 N of Valid Cases ,388 203 a cells (46,7%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,02 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,239 ,172 ,169 ,172 203 119 Share vision* Length of Management Experiences Q1* Length of Management Experiences Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 10,194a ,070 Likelihood Ratio 11,651 ,040 Linear-by-Linear Association ,234 N of Valid Cases ,628 203 a cells (25,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is 1,62 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,224 ,224 Cramer's V ,070 ,070 N of Valid Cases 203 Q2 * Length of Management Experiences Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 13,803a 15 ,541 Likelihood Ratio 14,669 15 ,476 Linear-by-Linear Association ,198 N of Valid Cases ,656 203 a 13 cells (54,2%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,18 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,261 ,541 ,151 ,541 203 120 Q3 * Length of Management Experiences Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 23,189a 10 ,010 Likelihood Ratio 25,151 10 ,005 Linear-by-Linear Association 3,689 ,055 N of Valid Cases 203 a cells (38,9%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,47 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,338 ,239 Cramer's V ,010 ,010 N of Valid Cases 203 Q4 * Length of Management Experiences Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 14,431a 15 ,493 Likelihood Ratio 15,550 15 ,413 Linear-by-Linear Association ,589 N of Valid Cases ,443 203 a 11 cells (45,8%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,47 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,267 ,493 ,154 ,493 203 121 Q5 * Length of Management Experiences Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp Sig (2sided) Pearson Chi-Square 14,762a 10 ,141 Likelihood Ratio 16,262 10 ,092 Linear-by-Linear Association ,019 ,889 N of Valid Cases 203 a 10 cells (55,6%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,20 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Approx Sig ,270 ,191 Cramer's V ,141 ,141 N of Valid Cases 203 Q6 * Length of Management Experiences Chi-Square Tests Value Asymp Sig (2sided) df Pearson Chi-Square 6,919a 10 ,733 Likelihood Ratio 8,583 10 ,572 Linear-by-Linear Association ,555 N of Valid Cases ,456 203 a cells (50,0%) have expected count less than The minimum expected count is ,02 Symmetric Measures Value Nominal by Nominal Phi Cramer's V N of Valid Cases Approx Sig ,185 ,733 ,131 ,733 203 122 CURRICULUM VITAE NGUYEN THI DATKHOA- LUCY Tel No 0313 619 973 CP No 0913 261 931 e-mail: nguyenthidatkhoa@gmail.com A PERSONAL DATA Name Present Address Home Address Birthdate Birthplace Gender Civil Status Nationality Languages Spoken : NGUYEN THI DATKHOA - LUCY : 38 Dong An St Thanh To Ward, Hai An District, Hai Phong City : 38 Dong An St Thanh To Ward, Hai An District, Hai Phong City : January 01, 1975 : Hai An District, Hai Phong City : Female : Married : Vietnamese : Vietnamese B EDUCATION M.A Thai Nguyen University - Vietnam Institute of Mathematics Tertiary Ha Noi Pedagogical University High School: Secondary: Elementary: Le Qui Don High School, Hai Phong city Le Loi Secondary School, Ngo Quyen Le Loi Elementary school, Ngo Quyen C.WORK EXPERIENCE 9/1994 to 5/2003 5/2003 to 12/2007 1/2008 to 12/2011 1/2012 to 4/2014 Dang Lam Secondary School, An Hai, Hai Phong Education Department of Hai An, Hai phong Education Department of Dương Kinh, Hai phong Committee of Hai Phong city 123 D THE ARTICLE, SCIENTIFIC REPORTS Necessary Conditions for Efficiency in Constrained Multiobjective Optimization Problems – Journal of Science and Technique, N138(12 - 2010) – Military Technical Academy Applying the method of “combining individual activities and small group activities” in teaching mathematics at lower secondary level – Education Review N263 (6 – 2011) 124