ÔN TẬP THÌ I.THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN: Cách thành lập : a Khẳng định: S (I,We, You, They, danh từ số nhiều) + VINFINITIVE (Động từ nguyên mẫu) S (He,She,It, danh từ số ít) + VS/ES (Động từ thêm”S” “ES” ) EX: I always go to school early He stays up late every night She does her homework every day Lưu ý:  Đối với động từ tận chữ: O, X, S, SH, CH ta phải thêm”ES” do does ; fix fixes ; miss misses ; wash washes ; watch watches … EX: My mother washes the clothes every day He often goes to work by car  Đối với động từ tận chữ “Y” mà trước phụ âm, ta phải đổi chữ “Y”thành chữ”I” thêm”ES” study studies ; carry carries; worry ; worries ; marry  marries ; cry cries… EX: This baby often cries when his mother is out Lan sometimes worries about her tests  Đối với động từ lại thêm “S” mà play  plays, make  makes; clean cleans… EX: Nam ussually plays soccer in the afternoon This boy drinks milk every day b Phủ định: S (I,We, You, They, danh từ số nhiều) + don,t + VINFINITIVE (Động từ nguyên mẫu) S (He,She,It, danh từ số ít) + doesn,t + VINFINITIVE EX: I don,t drink coffee He doesn,t like films c Nghi vấn: Do + S (I,We, You, They, danh từ số nhiều) + VINFINITIVE ? (Động từ nguyên mẫu) Does + S (He,She,It, danh từ số ít) + VINFINITIVE ? EX: Do you know this student ? Does she like music ? Cách sử dụng:  Dùng để diễn đạt hành động việc thường hay xãy (lặp lặp lại nhiều lần) hay thói quen (Trong câu thường có trạng từ thường xuyên như: always, frequently, constantly, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely, never, every… once twice three aweek / a month / a year… four times … EX: We eat rice every day He oftens get up early  Diễn đạt thật hiển nhiên, chân lý EX The Moon goes around the Earth Fish live in the water II THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN Cách thành lập a Khẳng định: am EX : I am writing a letter now S + is +VING He is sleeping at present Are They are playing in the school-yard at this time b Phủ định : Thêm “ not” sau am / is / are am EX : I am not writing a letter now S + is + not +VING He isn,t sleeping at present Are They aren,t playing in the school-yard at this time c Nghi vấn : Đảo am / is / are trước chủ ngữ Am EX : Are you doing the homework ? Is + S +VING ? Is she watching TV now ? Are Are the students learning English at the moment ? cách sử dụng: -Diễn đạt hành động, việc diễn (Ngay lúc nói) (Trong câu thường có trạng từ: still, now, at present, at the moment, at this time, today, tinight, this week… sau từ tạo ý : Look !, Look at him/her/them…, Pay attention! , Be careful ! ) EX: The students are doing the exercises now He is reading a newspaper at present Look! The bus is coming here -Diễn đạt dự định, hành động, việc xếp làm (xãy ra) tương lai gần (Tương đương với (am / is /are going to )) EX: I am going to Binh Chau tomorrow He is returning home next Sunday -Dùng với always để diễn đạt phàn nàn hành động hay việc không tốt thường hay xãy hay thói quen xấu Ex: He is always watching TV very late They are always making noise in class CÁCH THÊM “ING” • Đối với động từ tận chữ “E” câm, ta phải bỏ EX write  writing , practise  practising , raise  raising , ride  riding, drive  driving… • Đối với động từ vần tận phụ âm mà trước nguyên âm ta phải nhân đơi phụ âm cuối ( Nguyên âm gồm: a, e, I, o , u ) EX:cut  cutting , stop stopping , run  running, sit  sitting, get  getting, rub  rubbing… • Đối với động từ vần , có âm nhấn (Trọng âm) vần cuối, tận phụ âm mà trước nguyên âm ta phải nhân đơi phụ âm cuối EX: begin  beginning, prefer  preferring, occur  occurring, admit  admitting… • Đối với động từ tận chữ ”ie” phải đổi thành chữ “y” EX: tie tying ,lie  lying … • Đối với động từ tận chữ “L” mà trước nguyên âm, phải nhâ đôi chữ “L” EX: Travel travelling, control  controlling, signal  signalling… III THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH Cách thành lập a Khẳng định: v3 EX: We have learnt these lessons VPP = vED He has finshed his work S +định: Thêm “not” sau have /has have / has +Vpp b Phủ EX: They haven,t done their homework yet Mr Long hasn,t seen that film before S + haven,t / hasn,t +Vpp c Nghi vấn: Đảo have/ has trước chủ ngữ Have / Has +S +Vpp ? EX: Have you ever eaten durian ? Has he met his friend yet ? Cách sử dụng:  Diễn đạt hành động, việc xãy khứ không xác định rõ thời gian (Trong câu thường có trạng từ: already, before, many times, several times…) I have already gone to Dalat He has seen this film before  Diễn đạt hành động, việc vừa diễn (Trong câu thường có trạng từ:just, lately, recently…) EX: He has just got married They have built a house recently  Diễn đạt hành động, việc xãy khứ, kéo dài đến cịn cịn tiếp diễn tương lai(Trong câu thường có trạng từ: since, for, up to now, so far…) EX: We have learnt English for years Mr Baker has lived in London since 1992  Dùng với NEVER để diễn đạt hành động, việc chưa xãy tính tới thời điểm EX: I have never travelled by air /plane  Dùng với YET câu phủ định để diễn đạt hành động việc chưa xãy câu nghi vấn để hỏi xem hành động, việc xãy hay chưa (Hành động thường hay xãy thời điểm chưa xãy xãy hay chưa) EX: I haven,t had breakfast yet Have you emt him yet ?  Dùng với EVER để hỏi xem hành động, việc xảy hay chưa EX: Have you ever travelled by train ? Have you ever driven a car ?  Dùng sau cấu trúc: +It /This / That is the first/ second/ third …time… +It / This /That is the only… (/You are/ she is, He is….) +It /This / That is + so sánh …(/You are/ she is, He is….) EX: This is the first time I have ridden a motorcycle This is the only pen I have here You are the only girl I have loved She is the most beautiful girl I have seen CÁCH THÊM “ED” • Đối với động từ tận chữ “E” câm, ta thêm chữ “D” mà EX: like  liked , practise  practised, raise raised, agree  argreed… • Đối với động từ vần tận phụ âm mà trước nguyên âm ta phải nhân đơi phụ âm cuối ( Nguyên âm gồm: a, e, I, o , u ) EX:stop stopped, rub  rubbed, … • Đối với động từ vần , có âm nhấn (Trọng âm) vần cuối, tận phụ âm mà trước nguyên âm ta phải nhân đơi phụ âm cuối EX: prefer  preferred, occur  occurred, admit  admitted… • Đối với động từ tận chữ ”y” mà trước phụ âm phải đổi thành chữ “i” thêm”ED” EX: Carry carried, cry  cried study  studied… • Đối với động từ tận chữ “L” mà trước nguyên âm, phải nhâ đôi chữ “L” EX: Travel travelled, control  controlled, signal  signalled… IV THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN: Cách thành lập: a Khẳng định: EX: We have been studying English since o,S + have /has +been +VING clock He has been working for three hours b Phủ định: Thêm “Not” sau have /has EX:She hasn,t been working all day I haven,t been watching TV since he came S + have / has + not +been +VING c Nghi vấn: Đảo have / has trước chủ ngữ Ex: Has he been seeing a film ? Have / Has + S +been +VING ? Have they been playing soccer since three , o clock? Cách sử dụng: -Diễn đạt hành động, việc xãy khứ, kéo dài đến cịn cịn tiếp diễn tương lai.(Trong câu thường có trạng từ: since, for…) (Giống Hiện hồn thành nhấn mạnh tính liên tục) I have been tying for three hours We have been learning since seven o,clock V.THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN: Cách thành lập : a Khẳng định: EX: He went to Hanoi last week S + V2/ VED… She cleaned the floor yesterday b Phủ dịnh: EX: He didn,t go to Hanoi last week , S + didn t + VINF… They didn,t play volleyball yesterday c Nghi vấn: Ex: Did you meet him last night ? Did the students the test last Monday ? Did +S + VINF… ? Cách sử dụng: -Diễn đạt hành động, việc xãy thời điểm xác định khứ (Trong câu thường có trạng từ: yesterday, last, ago…) I went to Vung Tau two weeks ago He watched that film last night * So sánh với Hiện hồn thành: I have gone to Dalat I went to Dalat last year He has already met her He met her yesterday VI THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN: Cách thành lập: a Khẳng định: EX: We were watching TV at o,clock last night S +were /was +VING She was cooking at that time b Phủ định: Thêm “not” sau were/ was EX: We weren,t watching TV at o,clock last night S +were /was + not + VING She wasn,t cooking at that time c Nghi vấn: Đảo were /was trước chủ ngữ EX: Were you watching TV at o,clock last night? Were /Was + S + +VING ? Was she cooking at that time ? Cách sử dụng:  Diễn đạt hành động, việc diễn thời điểm khứ (Trong câu thường có trạng từ: at that time, at this time + yesterday/ last… , at one/two/ three… o,clock +yesterday/ last…) EX: The children were sleeping at that time I was playing the Piano at this time yesterday  Diễn đạt hành động, việc diễn thời điểm khứ hành động việc khác diễn cắt ngang hành động đó.(Kết hợp với Quá Khứ Đơn) Ex: I was taking a bath when the telephone rang They were watching TV when I came VII THÌ Q KHỨ HỒN THÀNH: Cách thành lập: a Khẳng định EX: I had graduated from the colege before I taught S+ here had +VPP They had bought a house before they got married b Phủ định: Thêm “not” sau had EX: He hadn,t finished his work before he went to the S + hadn,t +VPP cinema We hadn,t done our homework yet c Nghi vấn: Đảo had trước chủ ngữ : EX: Had you reviewed the lessons before you took the Had +S +VPP ? exam ? Had she learnt English before she went to the USA ? Cách sử dụng: -Diễn đạt hành động, việc xãy trước thời điểm khứ ( Trong câu thường có: before yesterday/ last…) They had built a house before last Tet holidays We had finished our work before yesterday -Diễn đạt hành động, việc xãy trước hành động, việc khác xãy khứ (Kết hợp với Quá Khưa Đơn) I had done the homework before I went to bed last night She went to school after she had had breakfast VIII.THÌ Q KHỨ HỒN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄNPast Perfect Progressive: Cách thành lập: a.Khẳng định: s +Had + Been + V-ing b Phủ định: s +Hadn,t + Been + V-ing c.Nghi vấn: Had +S + Been + V-ing ? Cách dùng:  Dng giống hệt Past Perfect cĩ điều hoạt động diễn lin tục tận Simple Past Nĩ thường kết hợp với Simple Past thơng qua phĩ từ Before Trong cu thường xuyn cĩ since, for + time Lưu ý: Thời ny ngy dng, người ta thay nĩ Past Perfect v dng no cần điễn đạt tính xc hnh động IX THÌ TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN: Cách thành lập: a Khẳng định: EX: I shall visit you next week S +Will / Shall + VINF The students will stay at home tomorrow b Phủ định : Thêm “not” sau will /shall will not = won,t ; shall not = shan,t S +Will / Shall +not + VINF EX: I won,t go to class late I promise We shan,t have Math tomorrow c Nghi vấn : Đảo will / shall trước chủ ngữ : Will / Shall + S + VINF ? EX: Will you go with me tomorrow ? Shall we have meat for lunch ? Cách sử dụng:  Diễn đạt hành động, việc xãy tương lai (Trong câu thường có trạng từ : tomorrow, next, in the future…) EX: We will have an exam next month Lan will go to HCM City tomorrow  Diễn đạt lời đề nghị lịch ( Đề nghị người khác với làm việc gì, đề nghị người khác giúp mình) , lời ngỏ ý giúp đỡ, lời hứa… EX: Shall we play soccer ?= Let,s play soccer Will you please give me a hand ? Shall I help you ? I promise I will learn harder X THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN (Future Progressive:) Cách thành lập: a Khẳng định: S +will/shall + be + verb_ing b Phủ định: S +will/shall + not + be + verb_ing Will not =won,t ; shall not = shan,t c Nghi vấn: Will/Shall + S + be + verb_ing ? Cách sử dụng:  Diễn đạt điều xảy tương lai vo thời điểm định Ex: At 8:00 am tomorrow morning we will be attending the lecture Ex: Good luck with the exam! We will be thinking of you  Dng kết hợp với present progressive khc để diễn đạt hai hnh động song song xảy Một tại, cịn tương lai Ex: Now we are learning English here, but by the time tomorrow we will be attending the meeting at the office  Được dng để đề cập đến cc kiện tương lai đ xc định định (khơng mang ý nghĩa tiếp diễn) Ex: Professor Baxter will be giving another lecture on Roman glass - making at the same time next week  Hoặc kiện mong đợi l xảy theo tiến trình thường lệ (nhưng khơng diễn đạt ý định c nhn người nĩi) Ex: You will be hearing from my solicitor Ex: I will be seeing you one of these days, I expect  Dự đốn cho tương lai: Ex: Don't phone now, they will be having dinner  Diễn đạt lời đề nghị nh nhặn muốn biết kế hoạch người khc Ex: You will be staying in this evening (ơng cĩ dự định lại đy tối ạ) XI THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HỒN THÀNH( Future Perfect:) Cách thành lập: a Khẳng định: S+ Will/ Shall + Have +VP P b Phủ định: S+ Won,t/ Shan,t + Have +VP P c Nghi vấn: Will/ Shall + S +Have +VPP ? Cách sử dụng:  Chỉ hnh động phải hồn tất vo thời điểm định tương lai Nĩ thường dng với phĩ tử thời gian dạng: By the end of , By the time + sentence Ex: We will have accomplished the TOEFL test taking skills by the end of next year By the time Halley's Comet comes racing across the night sky again, most of the people alive today will have passed away BÀI TẬP He always ……………………………………………….………………….to school on time (go) The children ………………………………… …………………………at this time yesterday (swim) We ………………………………………………….……… ……………… that film (already/ see) She ………………………………………………… ………………… this shirt yesterday (buy) Look! The students …………………….……………………………………….in the rain (play) I ……………………………………………………….…… at home tomorrow (stay) Hoai …………………………………………………… English every day (study) Mr Tien ………………………………………………… a document now (type) The Pikes …………………………………………………in New York for 20 years (live) 10 He …………………………………………………… a letter last week (send) 11 She ……………………………………………………….the clothes four times a week (wash) 12 We always ………………………………………………………after dinner (watch) 13.They …………………………………………………… their work yet ( not finish) 14 They ………………………………………………… a car before they got married (buy) 15 The students …………………………………………………English at present (learn) 16 She …………………………………………………… the meal at that time (cook) 17 ………………………….you ever………………………turkey ? (eat) (turkey: gà Tây) 18 He ………………………………………… her last week.(not visit) 19 She ………………………………………………the floor every day (clean) 20 We ………………………………………………………since o,clock (learn) 21 Nam …………………………………………………….a letter from his penpal (just/ receive) 22 This is the most interesting film I ……………………………………………… (see) 23 That boy …………………………………………… at the moment (sleep) 24 Miss Hoa ……………………………………………………to Phan Thiet two days ago (go) 25 We …………………………………………………… our homework every day (do) 26 They ………………………………………………….their house before last Tet holiday (decorate) 27 We ………………………………………………each other since last year ( not see) 28 Mr Long ………………………………………….a house recently (build) 29 It …………………………………………… now ( still/ rain) 30 I ………………………………………………a doctor in the future (become) 31 They …………………………………………………….soccer at this time ( play) 32 It is the first time I……………………………… a motorbike (ride) *THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH HAY THÌ THIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN -Đề cập đến số lượng -Đề cập đến thời gian EX: She has written three letters EX: She has been writing all the morning How many cigerettes have you smoked a day ? How long have you been staying in Dalat ? -Đề cập đến kết hành động.( Hành -Không đề cập đến kết hành động mà đề động kết thúc có kết rõ ràng) cập đến ảnh hưởng hành động gây EX: The room was yellow It is blue now He cho chủ ngữ (Hành động kết thúc has painted the room chưa kết thúc) His clothes are covered with paint He has been painting the ceiling -Đề cập đến khoảng thời gian lớn, thời điểm xa -Đề cập đến khoảng thời gian nhỏ, thời điểm gần tại EX: They have lived in Tan Thang for 15 years EX: They have been playing soccer for an hour He has worked for this company since 1992 We have been learning since o,clock Chia động từ Hiện hồn thành Hiện hồn thành Tiếp Diễn: I …………………………………………………ten exercises today (do) She …………………………………………….TV all day (watch) The room was very dirty.It is very clean now Lan …………………………………………….the room.(sweep) They ………………………………………………… at this school for years (teach) We ………………………………………………….for two hours (learn) The children,s clothes are very dirty They ……………………………………………………… soccer (play) How many lessons …………………you …………………………… ? (study) How long ……………………………………………you ………………………… in Hue ?(stay) SỰ HOÀ HỢP GIỮA CÁC THÌ Thì Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn +When /While +Thì Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn EX: He is reading a book while I am watching TV Thì Tương Lai Đơn + When / Until +Thì Hiện Tại Đơn EX: I will give it to you when I visit you next week Thì Quá Khứ Đơn +When + Thì Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn Thì Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn +When + Thì Quá Khứ Đơn EX: The milkman came when The Le family was having breakfast We were doing our homework when he arrived Thì Q Khứ Hồn Thành (already) +When +Thì Quá Khứ Đơn EX:The play had already begun when we came the theatre Thì Quá Khứ Đơn + While +Thì Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn Thì Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn +While + Thì Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn EX: The telephone rang while I was cooking the meal My parents were watching TV while I was learning my lessons Thì Quá Khứ Đơn +as soon as/ by the time + Thì Quá Khứ Hoàn Thành EX: He went out as soon as he had eaten dinner Thì Hiện Tại Hồn Thành + since + Thì Q Khứ Đơn Thì Hiện Tại Hồn Thành Tiếp Diễn EX: They have lived in that house since they got married We have been working since we came here Thì Quá Khứ Đơn + after + Thì Q Khứ Hồn Thành Thì Q Khứ Hồn Thành + before +Thì Quá Khứ Đơn EX: Nam went to bed after he has done his homework Nam has done his homework before he went to bed BÀI TẬP CHIA THÌ He …………………………….English every day (study) They …………………………… their grandparents last Sunday (visit) I …………………………to Hanoi next week (go) This boy ……………………………… his teeth three times a day (brush) She often ………………………………….the clothes in the morning (wash) We ………………………………………Music at that time.(practise) The children ………………………………… soccer at this time (play) Lan always …………………………… up early and goes to school on time (get) Mr Long ………………………………………back from his farm (just / come) 10 Pham Duy …………………………… over one thousand songs up to now (compose) 11 They …………………………………….their house beautifully before last Christmas (decorate) 12 Look ! The train ……………………………………….here (come) 13 The students …………………………………… the lesson now (write) 14 She …………………………………… that film before (see) 15 My mother ………………………………… this shirt yesterday.(buy) 16 Ba …………………………………….ten exercises since he came here (do) 17 We ……………………………………swimming twice a week (go) 18 They ………………………………their work (already / finish ) 19 The students …………………………….in the school-yard at the moment (run) 20 I ……………………………… at 10 o,clock last night (sleep) 21 I promise I …………………………………… harder (learn) 22 The baby,s eyes are red and wet She ………………………… (cry) 23 My father sometimes…………………………….TV in the evening.(watch) 24 My younger sister ………………………………….milk every day.(drink) 25 He …………………………… her a letter four days ago.(send) 26 Nam and Ba…………………………… a bath yet (not take) 27 They ……………………………………….a new house recently (build) 28 We …………………….Math and Literature tomorrow (have) 29 I ……………………………him when he was riding to school (see) 30 I will pay it back to you when I ……………………………….tomorrow (come) 31 My father …………………………………… a magazine while my brothers were watching TV (read) 32 Mr Peter ……………………………… for this company since he moved to London (work) 33 The match ……………………………when we arrived the stadium (already/ begin) 34 They ………………………………… dinner after they had taken a bath (eat) 35 Miss Lan …………………………………… before she travelled to New York (study) 36 He has drunk three cup of tea since he ………………………………….here (sit) 37 They …………………………………while I am learning my lessons( play) 38 Nam …………………………… as soon as he had came home (eat) 39.My Tam always sings Vietnamese songs but tonight she ……………… an English song (sing) 40 The students …………………………………….me while I was talking to Mr Tien (greet) 41.After I …………………………….my lessons, I …………………………….the exam (reviewtake) 42 Before he ……………………… to work, he …………………………………breakfast (gohave) 43 …………………………….you ……………………………………… that work yet ?(finish) 44…………………he ………………… a letter yesterday ? ( receive) 45.I……………………Rock music (not like) 46…………………… you ever……………… by plane ? (travel) 47 This is the most interesting book I …………………… (read) 48 It ……………………….now (still/ rain) @.LƯU Ý: MỘT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ KHƠNG DÙNG ĐƯỢC Ở CÁC THÌ TIẾP DIỄN  Động từ BE động từ tri giác như: see (thấy, gặp), meet (gặp) ,greet (chào) , smell( ngửi), taste(nếm), look (trơng có vẻ), sound(nghe có vẻ), understand(hiểu), know(biết), show(chỉ, bảo),come(đến) ,…  Động từ sở thích , ý muốn: love(u), like(thích), hate(ghét), dislike(khơng thích), want(cần, muốn)=need, prefer (thích hơn),…  Động tử sở hữu :have(có), own(sở hữu),=possess, belong to (thuộc về), content(chứa đựng)… * Nếu câu có từ nhận biết để chia tiếp diễn mà có động từ ta chuyển sang Đơn tương đương (Hiện Tiếp DiễnHiện Tại Đơn, Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn Quá Khứ Đơn…) EX: Now, I…………………………………… you (understand) (Chữ “Now” dấu hiệu nhận biết Hiện TạiTiếp Diễn động từ “understand” không chia tiếp diễn nên ta chuyển sang Hiện Tại Đơn)  Now, I understand you HÌNH THỨC ĐỘNG TỪ I BARE INFINITIVE (NGUYÊN MẪU KHÔNG “TO”) Sau Modal verbs: Can, could, will, shall, would, should, ought to, have to, must, may , might, had better, would rather, used to… Ex: He can swim You should learn harder for your exam Sau động từ DARE (dám) NEED(cần) (DAREN,T,NEEDN,T) EX: He dare jump off the tree I daren,t go out alone at nights She need buy two kilograms power (bột ngọt) Lưu ý: NEED dùng Modal Verb Động Từ Thường câu ta nói theo cách khác là: She need to buy two kilograms of power Sau CAN BUT, CANNOT BUT (Chỉ có thể), DO YOU MIND IF I… ? EX:I can but my best.= I can only my best I cannot but think that you want to deceive me (lừa dối) = I must think that you want to deceive me (Tôi bắt buộc phải nghĩ anh muốn lừa dối tôi) Do yiu mind if I turn on the TV? Sau động từ giác quan (Verb of Perception): perceive(nhận thấy), feel(cảm thấy), notice(quan sát, thấy, để ý), =mark, observe( nhìn ra, thấy ), see=watch (thấy), hear(nghe), behold(trơng thấy), hask at (lắng nghe) =listen to, look at(nhìn), smell(ngửi)… EX: We saw that boy steal the money Did you notice anyone come in ? Sau số động từ : bid (bảo), help(giúp đỡ), let(để), make (làm), know(biết) dùng đơn hoàn thành}…(bid-bade-bidden) EX: He bade me sit down What makes you laugh ? Dùng thể nhờ vả với động từ HAVE (Causative form) I usually have my mother wash the clothes She had a workman repair her bike I have never known him behave so badly before 7.Dùng câu cầu khiến: EX: Stand up, please -Please, come in II FULL INFINITIVE (TO INFINITIVE) “TO” Sau động từ : Dùng cấu trúc: S + V +TO INFINITIVE ) atempt(cố gắng, thử);begin =start (bắt đầu); cease(chấm dứt);come on=continue(tiếp tục); dare(dám); decide= purpose (quyết định); learn(học); like(thích); dislike(khơng thích); hate(ghét); love(u,u thích); promise(hứa); propose=intend(dự định, đề nghị);refuse(từ chối); regret(lấy làm tiếc);remember(nhớ); pretend(giả bộ,giả vờ); awear(thề); try(thử,cố gắng); undertake(định làm); want(cần, muốn); wish(mong,mong muốn ); deserve(xứng đáng); mean(có ý); plan(dự định); hope(hy vọng); forget=neglect(quên,phớt lờ);arrange(sắp xếp, thu xếp); prepare(chuẩn bị); agree=cosent(đồng ý); fail(không được,trượt); determine(quyết tâm); manage(xoay xở, thu xếp); hesitate(ngần ngại); offer(tình nguyện); … EX: I want to stay at home tonight They agree to help me We hope to see him soon The students started to learn at seven Sau động từ: (Dùng cấu trúc : S+ VERB + O + TO INFINITIVE) advise(khuyên); cause(làm cho,buộcphải); command=instruct(ra lệnh); encourage(động viên,khuyến khích); force(cưỡng ép,bắt buộc); get(bảo, nhờ); invite(mời); oblige(bắt buộc); persuate(thuyết phục); teach(dạy); tell(bảo); urge(thúc dục); ask(yêu cầu); permit= allow(cho phép); beg(van xin); entreat(van nài); chalenge(thách, thách thức); implore(thỉnh cầu); presse(thúc dục); request(yêu cầu);tempt(dụ dỗ); trouble(làm phiền); expect(hy vọng, trông đợi); warn(cảnh cáo)… EX: The doctor advised me to drink milk every day Our parents want us to get high mark on high-school entrance exam He teaches them to play the piano * Lưu ý: Một số động từ dùng cho cấu trúc trên: ask, beg, expect, promise want, wish, help… EX: I want to learn French.( S + V +TO INFINITIVE ) I want you to go with me ( S+ VERB + O + TO INFINITIVE) Sau hầu hết tính từ: a Sau tính từ:Dùng cấu trúc: S+BE+ ADJECTIVE+ TO INFINITIVE) anxious(lo lắng); afraid(e sợ, e ngại);eager(háo hức); worry(lo lắng), nervous(hồi hộp);hard(khó); bold= brave(bạo dạn, can đảm);careful(cẩn thận); careless(bất cẩn);clever(thông minh,khéo léo);happy(sung sướng,hạnh phúc); unhappy(bất hạnh);glad(vui vẻ); sad(buồn); considerate(ân cần,tử tế);inconsiderate(không tử tế); cruel(hung dữ, bạo lực); foolish = silly = stupid(ngu ngốc); good(tốt); grateful(có lòng biết ơn); ungrateful(vong ơn, bội nghĩa); honest(chân thực,thật thà); dishonest(gian trá); kind(tử tế, tốt bụng); unkind(xấu bụng,không tử tế); naughty(ngỗ nghịch); nice (tử tế,dễ thương);polite(lịch sự, lễ phép); impolite(vô lễ); right(đúng, có lý); wrong(sai,vơ lý); thoughtful(ân cần, tử tế, hay nghĩ người khác); thoughtless(vô tâm, nghĩ đến người khác); wicked(tàn nhẫn, độc ác); wise(khôn ngoan);unwise = ill-advised(khơng khơn ngoan); absurb(vơ lý, phi lý); civil(có giáo dục, có đạo đức); decent(đoan trang, trang nhã); ill-treated =iltempered(thơ lỗ,cộc cằn); ill-bred(khơng có giáo dục, dạy); ill-timed(khơng lúc, khơng hợp lúc); well-bred( có giáo dục); well-behaved(cư xử mực); well-timed(đúng lúc, hợp lúc); 10 4.My brother/ speak/ English/ very well VII.Tìm lỗi sai sửa lại cho (1®) 1.I have passed my driving test six months ago 2.I'm looking forward to work with you 3.She wishes she know the answer to this question 4.If it rains, I would stay at home 5.We were used to live next door to each other a long time ago ĐỀ 31 I.Cho dạng động từ ngoặc (2®) 1.He suggests that we ( save ) our natural resourses 2.You would rather ( work ) harder 3.The milk is warm enough for me ( drink ) 4.At the moment, they ( ride ) their car 5.Where you ( visit ) next Sunday? 6.I wouldn’t mind ( ) homework II Viết lại câu dùng từ gợi ý (3®) 1.I can’t play badminton I wish……… 2.He has sent a letter to his friend A letter “ I am a student.” He said……… “ Do you meet Hoa here?” She asked me……… “ What kind of sport you like playing.” He asked her……… To learn English is exciting It’s…… III Điền từ, cụm từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống (1®) 1.Was the plane……… .you traveled on? 2.The city……… .my parents live now is well known for its beauty 3.Librarian is a person… … takes care of books in a library 4.I would tell the truth if I … ….you 5.Do you remember the day… .…… we first met each other ? 6.You … the coming exam if you study hard IV.Chọn đáp án để hồn thành câu (1®) 1.It’s so hot today.I wish we (have/ are having/ had/ will have) some fresh air 2.My father used to (take/ taking/ to take/ taken) bicycle trips to the countryside when he was young 3.A new film ( is shown/ shown/ was shown/ showing) here last Sunday 4.She asked me why I (learn/ learned/ am learning/ to learn) English V Đọc kỹ đoạn văn sau , điền vào chỗ trống từ thích hợp (1 ®) enjoy - at - celebration - to - late Although there are many celebrations throughout the year, Tet or Lunar new year holiday is the most important (1)…… for Vietnamese people.Tet is a festival which occors in (2)… January or early February It’s the time for families (3)… clean and decorate their homes, wear new clothes and (4)…… special food such as sticky rice cakes Even if family members live apart, they try to be together (5)…… Tet VI.Đọc kỹ đoạn văn trả lời câu hỏi bên dới (2đ) Mr Bruce is forty-five years old He is English, but he lives in France, in a village of Yerville Mr Bruce lives in France, but he works in England Every Monday he leaves home at 2.30 in the morning and drives 101 miles from his village to Boulogne, where he leaves his car and catches the ferry to Folkestone Then he catches the train to Maidstone in Kent and arrives at 8.25 He teaches French from 9.00 in the morning to 3.30 in the afternoon, and the leaves school He stays in Maidstone and only comes home on Friday every week 1.How old is Mr Bruce ? 88 2.Where does he work ? 3.What time does he leave home to work on Monday ? 4.How does he travel to Boulogne ? 5.What does he teach ? 6.When does he come home ? ĐỀ 32 I.Chia động từ ngoặc cho (2®) 1.My dirty shirt (wash) yesterday 2.I wish I ( visit ) in Nha Trang next summer 3.He (teach ) English at our school since 1999 4.What you ( do) at o’clock yesterday evening ? II Điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống (1®) 1.A pilot is a person…… flies a plane 2.If he liked sports, he…… come 3.A supermaket is a place…… .all kinds of food and goods are sold 4.She wishes she…… a good teacher III.Viết lại câu dùng từ gợi ý (2®) 1.She was ill She went to school ( Although ) Lan is going to be in a play She has to learn the story ( So ) 3.They have just sold that old house That old house………… “ Let’s play soccer” He suggested…… 5.Linh is a better cook than Hoa Hoa can’t……… 6.We don’t have enough money, so we can’t buy that house If……… 7."Turn off the lights when you go to bed." Tom said to Jerry Tom asked 8.It's two years since I last met her I haven't IV.Chọn đáp án để hồn thành câu (2®) 1.You have never been to Ha Long Bay, (have you/ haven't you/ you have/ you haven't) ? 2.The little girl plays the piano (very good/ beautiful/ very nice/ beautifully) 3.The library is open to the pupils (who/ which/ where/ whom) come there to read 4.The road is (enough/ too/ so/ very) narrow for me to park a car 5.We are so proud (in/ of/ with/ at) her for telling the truth 6.On Easter Day, people crowd the street to watch colorful (shows/ parades/ paradises/ contests) 7.It was raining (too/ so/ very/ as) hard that I couldn't go outside 8.A new market (is going to build/ is going to be built/ is going be build) here next month V Đọc đoạn văn trả lời câu hỏi (1®) Jane visited a lot of places in Hue She had a week for meeting her old friends She love “Ao dai” She said that she loved “jeans” too.She thought she would like to eat Vietnamese food and drinks She wishes she had a long vacation in Hue She used to wish that 1.Did Jane meet a lot of friends in Hue? 2.What did she like? 3.What did she wish ? VI.Viết câu hoàn chỉnh , dùng từ cụm từ gợi ý (1®) He / wish / he /can / play /tennis 2.The boy / be /intelligent /enough / answer / all my questions If you / study / harder / pass / the coming exam 4.The girl / met /at the party/ last night/ be /my older sister VII.Cho dạng từ loại ngoặc (1đ) , the typhoon didn't cause any damage on the village LUCKY 2.Everybody at the party was dressed COLOR 3.I enjoy working there, everyone is so FRIEND 89 4.The show brought to millions of viewers ENJOY ĐỀ 33 I.Cho dạng động từ ngoặc (2®) 1.Columbus ( discover ) America in 1492 2.He would pass the exam if he ( get ) one more mark 3.When he came to my house, I ( watch ) a football match on TV 4.We ( learn ) English since 1995 II.Viết lại câu dùng từ gợi ý (1®) She introduced me to her brother I………… “ Don’t cross the streets outside the zebra crossing, Mai” – said Hoa Hoa told …… 3.He can’t use computers He wishes …… 4.The boy is so intelligent that he can answer all my questions It’s such…… III Điền đại từ quan hệ thích hợp (1®) 1.This is the house……… my father used to live and work 2.Sunday is the day……… most pupils not have to go to school 3.A biography is a book… tells the story of a person’s life 4.That is a naughty boy……… leg was broken yesterday IV Đọc đoạn văn sau trả lời câu hỏi ngoặc (2 ®) My name is Quang I am a pupil of the 9th form Yesterday was Sunday, so I did not go to school I stayed at home and did a lot of things.I helped my mother to prepare breakfast After breakfast I cleaned the floor and watered the flowers in the garden In the afternoon I went to the zoo with my brother There I saw a lot of animals In the evening, I prepared my lessons for Monday 1.Was yesterday Tuesday or Sunday ? 2.What did Quang to help his mother in the morning ? And what about his afternoon ? Did he go to the cinema in the evening ? Why ? V.Chọn đáp án để hoàn thành câu (2®) He wasn’t experienced (to enough/ enough/ enough to/ very enough) a good job 2.You (should/ would/ had/ did) better be careful not to miss the train 3.He didn’t get up (until/ since/ for/ on) o’clock 4.Everyone felt tired and hungry, (because/ although/ so/ but) they sat down and took a rest 5.You really saw a UFO, Mr Brown, (weren't you/ didn't you/ don't you/ aren't you) ? 6.Viet (used to/ is used to/ has used to/ was used to) go fishing when he lived in the countryside 7.We haven't seen Liz (since/ for/ until/ before) two months 8.He worked (more careful/ as carefully/ carefullier/ more carefully) than his workmates VI.Viết câu hoàn chỉnh dùng từ gợi ý (1®) 1.Homework / must / done / by us /everyday 2.She / say / that /she / can / drive / car 3.Neil Amstrong / the first man / walked / on / moon 4.I / wish / I / be / a / good doctor VII.Cho d¹ng từ loại ngoặc (1đ) I have a brother He is a POLICE Our roads are places DANGER 3.We must be when we cross the road CARE 4.A is working on his farm FARM ĐỀ 34 90 I.Cho dạng từ loại ngoặc(1 ®) We find advertising on TV very……… ( effect ) 2.I watched the light off to save…………… (electric ) 3.Enery- saving bulbs help………… .save money ( consume ) 4.She needed only one more stamp to complete her…………… ( collect ) II.Điền liên từ sau vào chỗ trống(2đ) : but, so, and, because, or, however, therefore, 1.Lan’s watch was broken…… She borrowed mine My family went to Africa……… We want to study the wild animals 3.Nam tried to read the book ……… .she couldn’t understand it 4.She isn’t English …… …., she speaks English perfectly 5.They went to town ……… .… bought a lot of clothes 6.The air is polluted……… .……there’s too much traffic 7.I haven’t got a car……… … I’ve got a motorbike 8.Which color you want- red, green, yellow,…… blue ? III.Chia động từ ngoặc cho (2®) 1.If people ( use ) public transport, there will be less pollution 2.Are you enjoy ( cycle ) to the countryside on weekends ? “Where is he now?” “ I only wish I (know )” 4.She advised me ( take ) the job 5.A new house ( build ) next to ours next month 6.When ( your bike / steal ) ? – Two days ago IV Dùng từ, cụm từ cho viết thành câu hồn chỉnh (1 ®) 1.I / live / small house / near the coast / since 1989 2.It / most expensive / hotel / I /ever / stay 3.He / work / hard / so / pass / all his exams 4.My grandmother / use to / live / Hue / when / she / be / young V Đọc kỹ đoạn văn làm tập T / F bên (2®) I live in a small village called Henfield There are about 500 people here The village is quiet and life hereis slow and easy You never have to queue in shops or banks People never trow their rubbish in the streets, so the village is always clean The air is also very clean because there’s not much heavy traffic It’s much more friendly here than in a city Everyone knows everyone and if someone has a problem, there are always people who can help However, there are some things I don’t like about Henfield One thing is that there’s not much to in the evening We haven’t got any cinemas or theatres Another problem is that people always talk about each other and everyone knows what everyone is doing But I still prefer village life to life in a big city 1.The writer’s village life has a small population 2.The air is unpolluted because there is no traffic here 3.Villagers are very friendly and helpful 4.There is a good nightlife in the village 5.There isn’t much privacy in the village 6.The writer wishes to live in a big city VI.Viết lại câu cho nghĩa câu không thay ®ỉi (2®) 1.Nga loves to write letters to her friends Nga enjoys…… 2.You must return this book to the library within days This book…… 3.She can’t play the piano She wishes……… 4.He would go hunting when he was in Africa He used………… 5.Learning English is difficult It’s……… “Please don’t talk in class.” Kien told us… ĐỀ 35 I.Chọn đáp án để hoàn thành câu (2 ®) 91 1.She wishes she… around the world ( can travel / could travel / travel ) 2.A new hospital…… next year ( will build / is build / will be built ) 3.We will go … a picnic tomorrow ( in /at /on/ with ) 4.Nam used to… full time, but now he is a part time worker.(work/ working/worke/ to work) 5.They told their parents that they… their best to the test (try / would try / will try/tried) 6.Ba said he… Some good marks last semester ( gets/ got / getting/ to get ) 7.The environment in my area is with dust from ciment factory.(polluting/polluted/pollute) 8.If I could speak Chinese, I for that job (will apply/ would apply/ applied/ to apply) II Điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống (2®) know, understand, things, subjects, written, many, to , friendship, in, what English is a very useful language.If we (1)… English, we can go to any countries we like We will not find it hard to make people understand (2)… we want to say.English also help us to learn all kinds of (3)… Hundereds of books are (4)… In English everyday in (5)… countries English is also helped to spread ideas and knowledge (6) … all corners of the world Therefore, The English language has helped to spread better (7) … And (8)… Among countries of the world III.Cho dạng động từ ngoặc (2 ®) 1.They ( leave ) Hanoi for Ho Chi Minh city yesterday 2.I wish I ( not/ be ) punished by the teacher now 3.Nam ( / not ) his homework yet 4.Rice ( grow ) in tropical countries IV.Viết lại câu dùng từ gợi ý (2®) Our team doesn’t play well today I wish……… 2.They are building a new house A new house……… “ Can you speak Chinese ?” Mai asked Mai asked me………… 4.Today isn’t Sunday We can’t go for a picnic If today…… 5.The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough The sea was too… 6.Nam is taller than I I am……… V.Đọc đoạn văn trả lời câu hỏi bên (2®) Tom is going to spend a year in China soon He will study Chinese language and history at the university He will live in the university He will share the room with a Chinese student Days starts very early, he will have to get up at about o’clock, he will have breakfast at about 6.30 His classes will be in both English and Chinese, and they will start at 7.30 Luch is at 12 and then there’s a rest He will continues learning until p.m After that he come back his room in the dormitory in the campus He thinks it is difficult for him but he likes this course Where is Tom going to spend a year ? 2.What will he study ? Where will he live in China ? 4.What time will he have to get up in the morning ? 5.What languages will he be taught in his classes ? ĐỀ 36 I.Fill in the blank with a suitable relative pronoun(2p): who, which, whom, when where 1.I don’t like the people… tell joks all the time 92 2.The subjects… we talk about in class are interesting 3.The person … Hai spoke could not answer her question 4.I love my hometown… I was born and grew up 5.Do you remember the day… we got married ? 6.The teacher…… I like most is Mr Lam II.Rewrite sentences using the given words(2p) 1.It was such good weather that we went for a ride in the countryside The weather… 2.Somebody repaired his car yesterday He had……… “ How you go to school everyday , Nam?”she asked She wanted to know……… 4.Unless you start at once, you’ll be late If………… 5.To find a house in this city is difficult It’s………… 6.He spoke too quickly for me to understand He spoke so………… 7.I think we should speak English in class I suggest 8.Mr Pke played soccer after school when he was a school boy Mr Pike used to III.Give the correct form of verbs(2p) 1.He must study hard if he ( want ) to pass the entrance exam 2.I wish I ( have ) a new bicycle now 3.She asked me if I (like ) pop music 4.We ( study ) English for years 5.Would you like ( drink ) tea ? 6.He suggested that we should ( save ) energy IV Choose the best answer (2p): Why don’t we go to the park (in the car/ with a car/ with car/ by the car)? The two cars for sale were in poor condition, so I didn’t buy (either / both/ neither/ each) of them From now on, we won’t be able to go out as much as we (were/ had/ used to/ will) Pat was caught by the police, but Martin (gave in/ gave up/ got away/ held up) Answer the phone for me, (will you/ you/ don’t you)? (For example/ In conclusion/ On the other hand/ Thus), I would like to propose a toast Please help yourselves to (whoever/ nothing/ everywhere/ anything) you like Nobody’s got to stay late this evening, (is it/ have they/ isn’t it/ don’t they)? I don’t want a pattern I prefer just a/an (plain/ simple/ clear/ only) color 10 I went shopping today and bought a new winter (costume/ outfit/ suit/ clothing) V.Đọc kỹ đoạn văn sau trả lời câu hỏi bên dới (2đ) Graham Bell was born in Scotland in 1874, but when he was a young man of twenty three he moved with his parents to Canada Before the year was over, young Graham had left his family and gone to Boston Though Bell was a dreamer, he was also a practical thinker and a man of action In Boston, where he worked by day as a teacher of the deaf, he worked far into the night experimenting with the electrical transmission of sound."You can't make an owl sleep at night", he once wrote in a letter The more explore this wonderful subject of electricity, the more boundless seems the prospect before me" 1.When ans where was G.Bell born ? 2.What did he when he was 23 years old ? 3.What did he in Boston by day ? 4.What subject of electricity did he explore ? ĐỀ 37 I Choose the word that has a different pronunciation from the others of each group a find b visit c with d worship a washed b looked c stopped d played a with b without c thing d think 93 a read b ready c reach d teach a buildings b theaters c students d uniforms II Choose the best word or phrase to complete the following sentences: A new stadium (will build/ will be built/ will have built / built ) in the area I wish I (visit/ visited/ will visit/ would visit) your country next summer holiday The internet has (increasing/ increasingly/ increase/ increased) developed and become a part of our life Would you mind if I (open/ opening/ opened/ have opened) the door ? Let’s go to the mosque, (do we/ don't we/ will we/ shall we) ? The woman (who/ which/whom/ whose) we met at the party was headmaster The smaller the room is, (the fewer/ the more/ the smaller/ the less) furniture it needs Nobody was in the room, (were they/ was nobody/ weren't they/ wasn't nobody) ? Their house – roof is leaking They must have it (fix/ to fix/ fixing/ fixed) 10 I couldn’t marry her ( even though/ so/ however/ besides) I loved her very much III Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition Mrs Brown is very proud ………………… her son What did the little boy ……………………living I met him…………………… my way to school The alarm goes ………………… at 30 They arrived at the station ………………………… midnight IV Supply the correct form of verbs in brackets My sister (be) seventeen now I would have sent you a postcard if I (have) your address I suggested (invite) Miss Hoa to our wedding party She looks very lovely when she (smile) You ever (see) an animal like an elephant? V Read the passage and complete it with provided words: surfing Internet for communicate post office secondary sent therefore have commerce Nowadays, computers (1)…….become important in the business and in everyday life In my life as a (2) …….student , computer help me a lot Every day, I check my e-mail I often receive the messages from my friends or my family E-mail is really convenient (3)……… me It saves my time and my money I don’t need to wait for letters or buy stamps at the (4)……… Through the (5) …………, I can know a lot of things by ( 6) ……the webs that I need There are a lot of useful webs that help you a lot in learning In my school, computer help me (7)……… with my teachers When I finish my assignments, I often send them to my teachers by e-mail And I also like to have a conversation with my teachers (8)……… I can have lots of their opinions on my assignments VI Rewrite these sentences without changing the meaning of the first sentences He said to them “Don’t be late tomorrow”  He told them …… Tom has been playing the piano for four years  Tom began …… He couldn’t come because of his serious illness  Because…… They are going to build a new hotel near my house  A new hotel…… The garden is too small to play football in  The garden isn’t …… IRREGULAR VEBS (Bảng Động từ bất quy tắc) abide abode/abided abode / abided lưu trú, lưu lại 94 arise arose arisen phát sinh awake awoke awoken đánh thức, thức be was/were been thì, là, bị bear bore borne mang, chịu dựng become became become trở nên befall befell befallen xảy đến begin began begun bắt đầu behold beheld beheld ngắm nhìn bend bent bent bẻ cong beset beset beset bao quanh bespeak bespoke bespoken chứng tỏ bid bid bid trả giá bind bound bound buộc, trói bleed bled bled chảy máu blow blew blown thổi break broke broken đập vỡ breed bred bred nuôi, dạy dỗ bring brought brought mang đến broadcast broadcast broadcast phát build built built xây dựng burn burnt/burned burnt/burned đốt, cháy buy bought bought mua cast cast cast ném, tung catch caught caught bắt, chụp chide chid/ chided chid/ chidden/ chided mắng chửi choose chose chosen cleave clove/ cleft/ cleaved cloven/ cleft/ cleaved chẻ, tách hai cleave clave cleaved dính chặt come came come đến, đến cost cost cost có giá crow crew/crewed crowed gáy (gà) cut cut cut cắt, chặt deal dealt dealt giao thiệp dig dug dug dive dove/ dived dived lặn; lao xuống drew drew drawn vẽ; kéo dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed mơ thấy chọn, lựa 95 drink drank drunk uống drive drove driven lái xe dwell dwelt dwelt trú ngụ, eat ate eaten ăn fall fell fallen ngã; rơi feed fed fed cho ăn; ăn; nuôi; feel felt felt cảm thấy fight fought fought chiến đấu find found found tìm thấy; thấy flee fled fled chạy trốn fling flung flung tung; quang fly flew flown bay forbear forbore forborne nhịn forbid forbade/ forbad forbidden cấm đoán; cấm forecast forecast/ forecasted forecast/ forecasted tiên đoán foresee foresaw forseen thấy trước foretell foretold foretold đoán trước forget forgot forgotten quên forgive forgave forgiven tha thứ forsake forsook forsaken ruồng bỏ freeze froze frozen (làm) đơng lại get got got/ gotten có gild gilt/ gilded gilt/ gilded mạ vàng gird girt/ girded girt/ girded đeo vào give gave given cho go went gone grind ground ground nghiền; xay grow grew grown mọc; trồng hang hung móc lên; treo lên hear heard heard nghe heave hove/ heaved hove/ heaved trục lên hide hid hidden giấu; trốn; nấp hit hit hit đụng hurt hurt hurt làm đau inlay inlaid inlaid cẩn; khảm input input input đưa vào (máy điện toán) inset inset inset dát; ghép 96 keep kept kept giữ kneel knelt/ kneeled knelt/ kneeled quỳ knit knit/ knitted knit/ knitted đan know knew known biết; quen biết lay laid laid đặt; để lead led led dẫn dắt; lãnh đạo leap leapt leapt nhảy; nhảy qua learn learnt/ learned learnt/ learned học; biết leave left left đi; để lại lend lent lent cho mượn (vay) let let let cho phép; lie lay lain nằm light lit/ lighted lit/ lighted thắp sáng lose lost lost làm mất; make made made chế tạo; sản xuất mean meant meant có nghĩa meet met met gặp mặt mislay mislaid mislaid để lạc misread misread misread đọc sai misspell misspelt misspelt viết sai tả mistake mistook mistaken phạm lỗi, lầm lẫn misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood hiểu lầm mow mowed mown/ mowed cắt cỏ outbid outbid outbid trả giá outdo outdid outdone làm giỏi outgrow outgrew outgrown lớn nhanh output output output cho (dữ kiện) outrun outran outrun chạy nhanh hơn; vượt outsell outsold outsold bán nhanh overcome overcame overcome khắc phục overeat overate overeaten ăn nhiều overfly overflew overflown bay qua overhang overhung overhung nhô lên trên, treo lơ lửng overhear overheard overheard nghe trộm overlay overlaid overlaid phủ lên overpay overpaid overpaid trả tiền overrun overran overrun tràn ngập 97 oversee oversaw overseen trơng nom overshoot overshot overshot q đích oversleep overslept overslept ngủ quên overtake overtook overtaken đuổi bắt kịp overthrow overthrew overthrown lật đổ pay paid paid trả (tiền) prove proved proven/proved chứng minh(tỏ) put put put đặt; để read read read đọc rebuild rebuilt rebuilt xây dựng lại redo redid redone làm lại remake remade remade làm lại; chế tạo lại rend rent rent toạc ra; xé repay repaid repaid hoàn tiền lại resell retold retold bán lại retake retook retaken chiếm lại; tái chiếm rewrite rewrote rewritten viết lại rid rid rid giải thoát ride rode ridden cưỡi ring rang rung rung chuông rise rose risen đứng dậy; mọc run ran run chạy saw sawed sawn cưa say said said nói see saw seen nhìn thấy seek sought sought tìm kiếm sell sold sold bán send sent sent gửi sew sewed sewn/sewed may shake shook shaken lay; lắc shear sheared shorn xén lông cừu shed shed shed rơi; rụng shine shone shone chiếu sáng shoot shot shot bắn show showed shown/ showed cho xem shrink shrank shrunk co rút shut shut shut đóng lại 98 sing sang sung ca hát sink sank sunk chìm; lặn sit sat sat ngồi slay slew slain sát hại; giết hại sleep slept slept ngủ slide slid slid trượt; lướt sling slung slung ném mạnh slink slunk slunk smell smelt smelt ngửi smite smote smitten đập mạnh sow sowed sown/ sewed gieo; rải speak spoke spoken nói speed sped/ speeded sped/ speeded chạy spell spelt/ spelled spelt/ spelled đánh vần spend spent spent tiêu sài spill spilt/ spilled spilt/ spilled tràn đổ spin spun/ span spun quay sợi spit spat spat khạc nhổ spoil spoilt/ spoiled spoilt/ spoiled làm hỏng spread spread spread lan truyền spring sprang sprung nhảy stand stood stood đứng stave stove/ staved stove/ staved đâm thủng steal stole stolen đánh cắp stick stuck stuck ghim vào; đính sting stung stung châm ; chích; đốt stink stunk/ stank stunk bốc mi strew strewed strewn/ strewed rắc , rải stride strode stridden bước sải strike struck struck đánh đập string strung strung gắn dây vào strive strove striven cố sức swear swore sworn tuyên thệ sweep swept swept quét swell swelled swollen/ swelled phồng ; sưng swim swam swum bơi; lội swing swung swung đong đưa 99 take took taken cầm ; lấy teach taught taught dạy ; giảng dạy tear tore torn xé; rách tell told told kể ; bảo think thought thought suy nghĩ throw threw thrown ném ; liệng thrust thrust thrust thọc ;nhấn tread trod trodden/ trod giẫm ; đạp unbend unbent unbent làm thẳng lại undercut undercut undercut giá rẻ undergo underwent undergone kinh qua underlie underlay underlain nằm underpay undercut undercut trả lương thấp undersell undersold undersold bán rẻ understand understood understood hiểu undertake undertook undertaken đảm nhận underwrite underwrote underwritten bảo hiểm undo undid undone tháo unfreeze unfroze unfrozen làm tan đông unwind unwound unwound tháo uphold upheld upheld ủng hộ upset upset upset đánh đổ; lật đổ wake woke/ waked woken/ waked thức giấc waylay waylaid waylaid mai phục wear wore worn mặc weave wove/ weaved woven/ weaved dệt wed wed/ wedded wed/ wedded kết weep wept wept khóc wet wet / wetted wet / wetted làm ướt win won won thắng ; chiến thắng wind wound wound quấn withdraw withdrew withdrawn rút lui withhold withheld withheld từ khước withstand withstood withstood cầm cự work wrought / worked wrought / worked rèn (sắt) wring wrung wrung vặn ; siết chặt write wrote written viết 100 101 ... danh từ đếm số nhiều = lại (của bộ), người cịn lại (của nhóm) Dùng với danh từ không đếm  another + danh từ không đếm = chút  The other + danh từ khơng đếm = chỗ cịn sót lại I don''t want this... 10 This picture is ………………………………….than that one (beautiful) SO SÁNH DANH TỪ @ So sánh danh từ: Ngoài so sánh tính từ, trạng từ ta cịn so sánh danh tư trước hết phải xem danh từ đếm hay không... somebody ) for something: Xin (ai) việc Do you think I should apply for that job ? ◊ Believe in somebody/ something: Tin tưởng vào người đó/ việc Do you believe in God / I think you should believe