1 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 NĂM HỌC 2013 – 2014 TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 GRAMMAR I. CONDITIONAL CLAUSES Có ba loại câu điều kiện Type (Loại) IF clause ( MĐ phụ) Main clause (MĐ chính) 1. Present – Real ( Hiện tại có thật) Simple Present Simple future (will/shall + Infinitive) 2. Present - Unreal (Hiện tại không thật) Past Subjunctive ( V-ed/V2; be=were) Present Conditional (would + Infinitive) 3. Past – Unreal (Quá khứ không thật) Past Perfect (Had + past participle) Past Conditional (would + have + past participle) Loại 1: Present – Real ( Hiện tại có thật) Câu điều kiện có thật có thể xảy ra trong hiện tại hoặc tương lai. True: - Tom and I are good friends. I always say hello to him. Tình huống có thật: - Tôi và Tôm là bạn tốt với nhau. Tôi luôn chào anh ấy. Conditional: - If I see Tom, I will say hello to him. Điều kiện: Nếu tôi gặp anh ấy, tôi sẽ chào anh ấy. (Điều này sẽ xảy ra đúng như vậy). Loại 2. Present – Unreal ( Hiện tại không có thật) Câu điều kiện không có thực và không thể xảy ra trong hiện tại hoặc tương lai. True: - I don’t have enough money. I will not buy that car. Tôi không có đủ tiền, Tôi sẽ không mua chiếc ô tô. Conditional: - If I had enough money. I would buy that car. Điều kiện: - Nếu tôi có đủ tiền, tôi sẽ mua chiếc xe đó. (Thực tế điều này không xảy ra). Loại 3: Past- Unreal ( Quá khứ không thật) Câu điều kiện diễn tả một điều không thực và không hề xảy ra trong quá khứ. 2 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO True: - They did not study. They failed the exam. Tình huống có thật: -Họ không học bài . Họ thi rớt. Conditional: - If they had stuđie, they wouldn’t have failed the exam. Điều kiện: Nếu họ đã học bài, họ không thi rớt. + Ngoài If, chúng ta còn có UNLESS = If not Ví dụ: - If you are not hurried, you will be late. Nếu bạn không nhanh lên, bạn sẽ trễ. = Unless you are hurried, you will be late. +Chúng ta có thể dùng can=will, could/ might=would. Ví dụ: - He will help you if he can. Anh ấy sẽ giúp bạn nếu anh ấy có thể. - If I were a brid, I could fly home. Nếu tôi là chim, tôi có thể bay về nhà. ( could = would be able to → khả năng ) - If you were a better student, you might get a scholarship. Nếu bạn là một sinh viên giỏi hơn, bạn có thể có học bổng. ( might= maybe you would → khả năng có thể xảy ra ) II. Câu bị động Gerund rule S + be + Vpp + ( by O ) (Vpp: Past participle) Note: - Đặt từ ở câu chủ động ở thì (tense) hay thể (form) nào thì “be” ở câu bị động ở thì hay thể đó. - Khi ta không xem người thực hiện hành động (does) là quan trọng, thì “ by object” có thể bỏ đi. ( eg. does=personal pronoun: he, she, they, we, people; no-one ) Example: a.The simple present She cleans the floor everyday. ( S + V / Vs / es ) Passive: The floor is cleaned everyday. (S + am/is/are/ +PP ) b.The present continous. 3 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO Mr.Baker is repairing the car Passive: the car is being repaired by Mr Baker. ( S + am/ is/ are + being + PP ) c.The present perfect Someone has stolen the bicycles ( S+ has/have + P.P ) Passive: The bicycles have been stolen ( S+ has/have + been + PP ) d.The simple past Where did they find the drugs ? ( S + V2/ V-ed) Passive: where were the drugs found ? ( S+ was/ were + PP ) e.The past continuous They were preparing luch when I came there yesterday (S+was/were + V-ing ) Passive: Luch was being prepared when I came there yesterday.( S+ was/ were + being + PP ) f. The past perfect She had written almost ten pages by 3:00 pm. ( S+ had + PP ) Passive: Almost ten pages had been written by 3:00 p.m (S+ had been + PP ) g. Will/ would, shall/ should, can/ could, may/might must, have to, be going to, used to, Active: S+ will/would, shall/ should + bare-infinitive + object Passive: S + will/would, shall/shoul + be + past participle (+ by object). Ex: Police will destroy these drugs. Passive: the drugs will be destroyed by police. 1. Put the verbs in the correct form 1. If you drove more carefully, you (not, have) _______ _______ _______ so may accidents. 2.He would get to work on time if he (get) ___ _______ ___________ up early. 3.If we (have) ____ _______ __________ more time, I could tell you more about it. 4.If you (sell) ___ _______ ___________ more products, you’d earn more money. 5.I could help you if you (trust) _____ _______ _________ me more. 6.His car would be a lot safer if he (buy) ___ _______ ___________ some tires. 7.The children would be better swimmer if they (go) ___ _______ ______ swimming more frequently. 8.We wouldn’t mind having children if we (live) ____ __________ in the country. 9.If I (be) _____ _______ _________ you, I wouldn’t worry about going to university. 10. If they gave me a job. I (take) __ _______ ____________ it 11. The weather isn’t nice. I (take) __ ____________ a walk if the weather (be) __ ____________ nice. 12. My wife and I want to buy a house, but houses are too expensive. We (buy) __ _ __________________ a new house if we (have) _____ _______ _________ enough money. 13. Life (be) ______ ________ boring if everyone (have) ____ __________ the same opinions about everything. 14. If I (be) ____ __________ you, I (tell) ______ ________ Brian the truth. 4 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO 15. Airline tickets are very expensive. If they (be) ___ ___________ cheap, I (fly) __ ____________ to Singapore. 16. I am very tired tonight. If I (not, be) ____ _______ tired, I (go) ___ _______ to the movie with you. 17. I don’t have enough time. If I (have) _____ ______ enough time, I (go) __ __________ to the park. 18. It isn’t Saturday. If it (be) ___ ___________ Saturday, I (go) ___ ___________ to the beach. 19. I have to go to class today. If I (not, have to) _____ _________ go to class today, I (go) _ _____________ shopping or (visit) ____ __________ my friend. 20. I don’t understand that sentence. If I (understand) ____ ________________ that sentence, I (explain) ____ __________ it to you. 21. If I (know) ____ ____________ that you were ill last week, I (go) _______ _____________ to see you. 22. Tom (not, enter) ____ ________________ for the examination if he (know) ________ ____________ that it would be so difficult. 23. Paul got to the station in time. If he (miss) __________ __________ the train, he (be) ______ ______________ late for his interview. 24. It’s good that Mary reminded me about Daisy’s Birthday. I (forget) ____ ________________ if she (not, remind) ________ ____________ me. 25. The weather was bad. We (go) _____ _______________ camping if the weather (not, be) _____ _______________ so bad. 26. I (send) ____ ________________ you a postcard while I was on holiday if I (have) _____ _______________ your address. 27. You (have) ________ ____________ a good time if you (be) _____ _______________ at the party last night. 28. I didn’t know it was your birthday. I (get) _______ you a present if (I know) _______ it was your birthday. 2. Rewrite the following sentences in such a way that they don’t change the meaning 29. He doesn’t have the money and he cannot afford a new car. >> If 30. I cannot go to the beach with you this weekend because I have a date with my old classmate. >> If 31. I never get very lonely because I have lots of good friends. >> If 32. The match can be cancelled because it rains heavily. >>If 33. Because Simon doesn’t live near his mother, he can’t visit her often. >> If 5 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO 34. I don’t have free time, so I can’t go to see him. >> If 35. I am poor; I can’t travel around the world. >> If 36. I am not a millionaire, I can’t help all people. >> If 37. I am not old enough; I can’t decide my own life. >> If 38. I am very tired so I can’t finish my work. >> If 39. She didn’t eat anything because she wasn’t hungry. >> If 40. The accident happened because the drive in front stopped so suddenly. >> If 3. Rewrite the sentences using passive voice 21. Ann invited Tom to the party yesterday. 22. No one has signed the cheque. 23. They gave the job to Amy and Bob. 24. People think that someone murdered Mr. Smith. 25. Someone repaired her car yesterday. 26. Ann can’t use her office at the moment 27. She made a lot of mistakes in the examination. 28. Someone has locked the door. 29. People play football all over the world. 30. Our country exports rice to many countries in the world. 31. Students often use a ruler to draw a straight line. ………………………………………………………………………………… 32. We write letters to our friends twice a month. ……………………………………………………………………………… 33. When did people build that museum? 6 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO 34. Teachers gave students a lot of homework last term. 35. People ban smoking in this restaurant. 36. You should leave your shoes before entering the room. ………………………………………………………………………………… 37. People held the 1998 World Cup in France. ………………………………………………………………………………… 38. My father waters these flowers every morning. ……………………………………………………………………………… 39. Her mother is preparing the dinner in the kitchen. ………………………………………………………………………………… 40. We should brush our teeth twice a day. …………………………………………………………………………………… 41. Some drunk drivers caused the accident in this city. ……………………………………………………………………………… 42. Tom will visit his parents next month. ………………………………………………………………………………… 43. Our teacher has explained the English grammar. ……………………………………………………………………………… 44. The manager didn’t phone the secretary this morning. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 45. Did Mary buy this beautiful dress? ……………………………………………………………………………………… 46. Have you finished the above sentences? ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 47. Are you going to repair those shoes? …………………………………………………………………………………… 48. How many languages do people speak in Canada? ……………………………………………………………………………………… 49. Some people will interview the new president on TV. …………………………………………………………………………………… 50. The students have discussed the pollution problems since last week. III. To infinitive Eg. I listen to classical music to feel relaxed ( I listen to classical music to feel/ in order to feel/ so as to feel relaxed) IV. Wh- questions Question words are also called wh questions because they include the letters 'W' and 'H'. 7 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO Question words Meaning Examples Who person Who's that? That's Nancy. where place Where do you live? In Boston Why reason Why do you sleep early? Because I've got to get up early when time When do you go to work? At 7:00 How manner How do you go? By car what object, idea or action What do you do? I am an engineer which choice Which one do you prefer? The red one. whose possession Whose is this book? It's Alan's. whom object of the verb Whom did you meet? I met the manager. what kind description What kind of music do you like? I like quiet songs what time time What time did you come home? how many quantity (countable) How many students are there? There are twenty. how much amount, price (uncountable) How much time have we got? Ten minutes how long duration, length How long did you stay in that hotel? For two weeks. how often frequency How often do you go to the gym? Twice a week. how far distance How far is your school? It's one mile far. how old age How old are you? I'm 16. how come reason How come I didn't see at the party? Với động từ to be Wh + be + S( +…) Với động từ khuyết thiếu Wh + can/will/could… + S + V + ( + …) Với động từ thường Wh + do/does/did + S + V ( +…) . Wh- question: Make Wh-question for the following sentences: 11.She will be married to a rich man. >> Who 12.Tom goes to the library twice a week. >> How often 13. I went to school late because I missed the bus. >> Why 14. She is a doctor. >> What 15. They were watching a game show. >> What 16.He like studying Math. >> What subject 17. The weather is very nice in this country. >> What 18.She was born in Dam Doi In 1985. >> Where and when 19. She wanted to become an English teacher. >> Who 8 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO 20. They are cutting trees in the forest for wood. >> For what 21.There are forty-five students in my class. >> How many 22.They do their homework at night. >> When 23.Mr. Robertson came to the party alone. >>Who The car is across the street from the house. Where V. Adjective of attitude ( Tính từ chỉ thái độ -ed/-ing) Eg. I am interested in the film The film made me interested Eg. I find the film interesting The film is interesting It is an interesting film . P ut the word in appropriate form of adjective 21. He was so …that he couldn’t sleep. [EXCITE] 22. The match was so… That she couldn’t wait to tell everyone about it. [EXCITE] 23. It’s …that Liz chose Rome for a holiday. [INTEREST] 24. His wife was so… to hear Paul had got a new job. [THRILL] 25. Patterson was …with my present. [THRILL] VI. It was not until…… that ……: Mãi đến khi…… thì……… It was not until + time/ S + V2/ed…… that + S + V2/ed…… Ex: The cinema did not become an industry until 1915. It was not until 1915 that the cinema became an industry. Ex: He didn’t know how to swim until he was 30. It was not until he was 30 that he knew how to swim. 60. She didn’t recover her confidence until that morning It was not until…………………………… 61. He didn’t arrive at the office until half past nine. It was not until…………………………… 62. Mary didn’t work for the UN until 2004 It was not until…………………………… 63. I didn’t know how to ride a bicycle until I was 15. It was not until ……………………………. 64. John didn’t finish reading my book until last Saturday. It was not until…………………………… 65. I didn’t like chocolate until I went to university. It was not until…………………………… 66. No one could leave the stadium until 2.30 9 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO It was not until…………………………… 67. She wasn’t allowed to open her presents until her birthday. It was not until…………………………… 68. We didn’t have any holidays until last summer. It was not until…………………………… 69. She didn’t stop learning German until the age of 24. It was not until………………………………………………… 70. I couldn’t finish my project until Mark helped me. It was not until…………………………… 71. the didn’t pay the bill until the electricity was cut off. It was not until…………………………… 72. I didn’t sleep until midnight. It was not until……………………………………… VII. a/ an, the: 1. a/ an: được dùng khi người/ vật được đề cập lần đầu tiên. “AN” đứng trước nguyên âm(a,o, e, u, i) Ex: I have a pencil and an eraser. 2. the: khi người/ vật đó được nhắc đến kể từ lần thứ 2 hoặc được xác định qua ngữ cảnh Ex: - I have a pencil and an eraser. The pencil costs 3,500 VND and the eraser is 2,000 VND. - The title of the film is Titanic. . Put A, An, The or put nothing 1. This is …easy question 2. Please speak … little louder 3. May I have your …phone number? 4. May I ask you …question? 5. I have never seen … UFO Put in “a”, “an” or “the” in each blank. 1. How far is it from here to ____ airport? 2. She was born in _____ village in _____ north of England. 3. _____ village where she was born has ______ beautiful river. 4. Can you switch off _____ television? Nobody’s watching it. 5. He felt bored with ______ woman who sat beside him at the party. 6. Mount Everest is ______ highest mountain in _____ world. 7. My grandparents live in _____ old house in _____ south of Dong Nai provice. There is ______ large garden behind _____ house. They grow some fruit trees and vegetables in _____ garden. 8. There was _____ accident near my house this morning. _____ taxi crashed into ____ lamp post. _____ taxi was damaged, but ____ driver of ____ taxi was not hurt. 10 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO VIII. Will and be going to: 1. be going to: diễn tả một dự định Ex: A: Why are you turning on the TV? B: I’m going to watch the news. 2. Will: diễn tả 1 quyết đinh được đưa ra vào lúc nói, một phỏng đoán, một đề nghị. Ex: A: I want to buy this book but I don’t have enough money. B: I’ll lend you some. Ex: You are working very hard. I am sure you will pass this exam easily. Ex: A: It’s very cold. B: I’ll close the windows. . w ill or be going to 1. Look at the clouds. It ______________________ soon.(to rain) 2. Peter __________________________15 next Wednesday.(to be) 3. We_________________________ to London this summer.(to fly) 4. Tomorrow it __________________________in the North.(to rain) 5. Just a moment, I___________________________ you.(to help) 6. In 2010 there _____________________________ more cars. (to be) 7. I think I ____________________________sick. I feel very tired. (to be) 8. I__________________________ a party. I have already invited my friends. (to have) IX. Although/ Though vs. In spite of/ Despite: 1. Although/ Though: Although/ Though + S + V ……., S + V …….( S + V …….although/ though + S + V …….) Ex: Although New York is not the capital of the USA, it is the centre of global finance. (New York is the centre of global finance although it is not the capital of the USA). 2. In spite of/ Despite: In spite of/ Despite + N/ V-ing…, S + V ….( S + V…… in spite of/ despite + N/ V-ing…….) Ex: In spite of not being the capital of the USA, New York is the centre of global finance. (New York is the centre of global finance in spite of not being the capital of the USA). Ex: Despite his age, he works extremely hard. (He works extremely hard despite his age). Điền although, in spite of/despite 1. ___________ the weather was bad, we enjoyed our trip. 2. The children slept well ____________ the noise. 3. ________________ earning a low salary, Linda gave money to her parents. 4. John rarely sees Paul ___________ they live in the same town. 5. Julie failed the exam ____________ of working very hard. 6. ____________ it was cold, she didn't put on her coat. [...]...11 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO 7 Tom went to work _ not feeling very well 8 Anna never learned the language _ she lived there for two years 9 of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain 10 I couldn't eat _ I was very hungry X Relative clauses: 1 Defining relative clauses: Mệnh đề QH xác định (WHO,... meeting was interesting I went to it yesterday -… 10 I met Mary She asked me to give you this XI COMPARATIVE 12 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO 1 Equality(So sánh bằng) S + V + as + adj/adv + as + N/pronoun S + V + not + so/as + adj/adv + N/Pronoun Ex: +She is as stupid as I/me +This boy is as tall as that one (Không lặp lại từ đã dùng ở chủ ngữ) Population of... broke 10) If you French, which language would you study? A were studying B are studying C weren’t studying D have been studying 11) The road in front of your house A repairs B is preparing C is being repaired D repairing 12) When we arrived, the winner of the art competition a prize A awarded B were being awarded C was awarding D was being awarded 14 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10. .. những tính từ trong ngoặc đơn cho đúng 1 My sister is ………………… (good- looking) than I am 2 A book is …………………… (wonderful) than a comic 3 Nina walks ……………… (slowly) than her father 13 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO 4 She is ………… (happy) than I am 5 This bike is…………… (cheap) than mine 1 It is ……………… (high) house in the city 2 I am……………… (tall) in the class 3 Yesterday... I saw the girl who/that helped us last week Ex: The book is very interesting I bought it last week The book which/ that I bought last week is very interesting 2 Non-defining relative clauses: Mệnh đề QH không xác định (WHO, WHOM, WHICH) Ex: My father is a doctor He is fifty years old My father, who is fifty years old, is a doctor Ex: New York is a large harbour It is ice-free in all seasons New York,... thúc bằng một phụ âm mà ngay trước nó là nguyên âm duy nhất thì chúng ta nhân đôi phụ âm lên rồi thêm "er" trong so sánh hơn và "est" trong so sánh nhất (ex:hot >hotter/hottest) -2.Những tính từ có hai vần,kết thúc bằng chữ "y" thì đổi "y" thành "i" rồi thêm "er" trong so sánh hơn và "est" trong so sánh nhất(ex:happy >happier/happiest) - 3.Những tính từ/trạng từ đọc từ hai âm trở lên gọi là tính từ dài,một . 1 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 – TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 - TRƯỜNG THPT TRẦN HƯNG ĐẠO ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ 2 NĂM HỌC 20 13 – 20 14 TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 GRAMMAR I. CONDITIONAL CLAUSES Có ba loại câu điều. Bob. 24 . People think that someone murdered Mr. Smith. 25 . Someone repaired her car yesterday. 26 . Ann can’t use her office at the moment 27 . She made a lot of mistakes in the examination. . the drive in front stopped so suddenly. >> If 3. Rewrite the sentences using passive voice 21 . Ann invited Tom to the party yesterday. 22 . No one has signed the cheque. 23 . They gave