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Advanced Network Solutions for Electric Power Applications
Slide 1 1 Advanced Network Solutions for Electric Power Applications George Wang Presentation for IEEE Student Branch Slide 2 Introduction and Background • Electric power is essential to our life and the economy • Power systems are getting more and more sophisticated and smarter • Teleprotection plays a key role • Telecommunication and network technology have changed our life • Communication network is more and more important for electric power • Next big wave Slide 3 3 Generation Distribution Transmission Grid: 110 kV up Distribution Grid: 50 kV down Transmission Slide 4 4 Generation DistributionTransmission Basin Electric Tri-State Electric Rushmore Electric Central Iowa Power Brazos Electric Chugach Electric CenterPoint Energy Knoxville Utilities INDE (Guatemala) INDE (Institute of National Electrification): the largest electric generation and transmission company owned by Guatemala government. To build an advanced communication network A big substation Slide 6 6 Communication in Substations • Need channel banks for voice (phones) and data • Need mux to connect to a radio • Dry contact for house keeping alarms • Data Bridge for the subrate data • Some customers still interested in OCU-DP card • LV/LV+ used as configuration tools • Ethernet for service computer access • RS232 for RTU • -125VDC power • One box does all Substation hardened. IEC 61850-3 / IEEE 1613 Slide 7 ANSI Standard Device Numbers (IEEE Standard C37.2) 1 - Master Element 2 - Time Delay Starting or Closing Relay 3 - Checking or Interlocking Relay 4 - Master Contactor 5 - Stopping Device 6 - Starting Circuit Breaker 7 - Rate of Change Relay 8 - Control Power Disconnecting Device 9 - Reversing Device 10 - Unit Sequence Switch 11 - Multifunction device. 12 - Overspeed Device 13 - Synchronous-speed Device 14 - Underspeed Device 15 - Speed - or Frequency, Matching Device 16 - Data Communications Device 17 - Shunting or Discharge Switch 18 - Accelerating or Decelerating Device 19 - Starting to Running Transition Contactor 20 - Electrically Operated Valve 21 - Impedance (21G implies ground impedance) 24 - Volts/Hz Device numbers are used to identify the functions of devices shown on a schematic diagram. Function descriptions are given in the standard. These types of devices protect electrical systems and components from damage when an unwanted event occurs, such as an electrical fault. 27 - Under Voltage (27LL = line to line, 27LN = line to neutral/ground) 40 - Loss of Excitation (generator) 47 - Negative sequence voltage 50 - Instantaneous overcurrent (N for neutral, G for ground current) 51 - Inverse Time overcurrent (N for neutral, G from ground current) 59 - Over Voltage (59LL = line to line, 59LN = line to neutral/ground) 62 - Timer 64 - Ground Fault (64F = Field Ground, 64G = Generator Ground) 79 - Auto-reclosure 81 - Under/Over Frequency 86 - Lockout Relay / Trip Circuit Supervision 87 - Current Differential (87L=transmission line diff; 87T=transformer diff; 87G=generator diff) 91 - Voltage Directional Relay 92 - Voltage and Power Directional Relay 93 - Field Changing Contactor 94 - Tripping or Trip-Free Relay Slide 8 Suffixes and Prefixes “N” suffix: Neutral wire. 59N in a relay is used for protection against Neutral Displacement "G" suffix: "ground", hence a "51G" is a time overcurrent ground relay “S” for Serial “E” for Ethernet. “C” for Security Processing Function {i.e. VPN, Encryption} “F” for Firewall or message Filter “M” for Network Managed Function “R” for Router “S” for Switch “T” for Telephone Component. Thus “16ESM” is a managed Ethernet. A suffix letter or number may be used with the device number Slide 9 Power Quality and Protective Relays Power quality can be defined by four fundamental parameters: Frequency, Amplitude, Shape, and Symmetry Power quality is affected by a wide range of disturbances throughout the transmission and distribution network. It is necessary to implement various measures in order to minimize the negative effects on customers. Depending on which of the power quality parameters is distorted the influence on the performance of digital protection relays will be different. Slide 10 Protection Relaying over All Communication Media (ABB) [...]... Contact: Network Application 16 Slide 16 Telecom Room 17 Slide 17 18 Slide 18 DS0 SNCP Protection 19 Slide 19 T1 Radio: 1 for 1 protection T1 Radio Network T1 T1 T1 T1 AM3440: AM3440: T1 1 for 1 protection T1 1 for 1 protection T1 T1 Leased line Provider Note: 1 Network and “Leased line” shall support Alarm forwarding 2 The switching time of T1 1 for 1 protection at AM3440: < 50ms 20 Slide 20 Network. .. FXS/FXO/E&M/ RS232/V.35… 29 Power Application- 4 (US Project) Case Study 960 MHz Site C 960 MHz Site B 960 MHz Site A AM3440A Chassis 2 x T1 2 x FXS 1 x 4w E&M 1 x DS0 for Dry Contact AM3440A Chassis 3 x T1 (one for expansion) 1 x FXS 1 x DS0 for Dry Contact AM3440A Chassis 2 x T1 3 x FXS 1 x 4w E&M 2 x DS0 for Dry Contact To External Alarm Device 30 Slide 30 IP6810 Self-Healing Ring Network Termination Unit... Alarm Monitoring View FCAPS - Fault Management Alarm View on Network Topology Active Alarm List 23 Slide 23 View – NE Panel View Basic Feature - View 24 Slide 24 Power Application-1 (Swiss Project) Case Study 25 Slide 25 Power Application-1 (Swiss Project) Case Study 26 Slide 26 Power Application-2 (Central America Project) Case Study 27 Slide 27 Power Application-3 (UK Project) Case Study 28 Slide 28 Microwave... Asia and South America both are used almost equally – DNP has gained wide acceptance in non -electric power applications, where IEC is little used • DNP and IEC 60870-5 are Not Compliant to each other They are slightly different in Physical, Data Link, and Application Layers DNP adds also a Transport Layer • To perform some functions, IEC 60870-5 sends many small messages where DNP will send a smaller... Control Room NDR LAN (Network Disk Recorder) LAN1 NAS (Network Attached Storage) WAN 2 IP6810 WAN 1 WAN 2 WAN 1 LAN1 IP6810 WAN 2 IP phone LAN2 Optical Fast Ethernet Ring LAN2 RTU IP6810 IP cam WAN 1 LAN1 WAN 1 W8110 IP6810 IP phone WAN 2 LAN1 IP phone Wireless IP cam Wireless IP cam Substation hardened IEC 61850-3 / IEEE 1613 Slide 31 31 Union Fenosa Communication Protocols: fight for standards • A set... on DNP3 • Mostly specified at layer 2: multiplexing, data fragmentation, error checking, link control, prioritization, and layer 2 addressing services for user data • Created to allow interoperability between various vendors' SCADA components for the electrical grid • Developed by GE-Harris Canada in 1993, and based on the earlier part of IEC 60870-5 protocol to cater North American requirements • Related... E1/T1/DTE/G.SHDSL FOM/E&M/FXS/FXO C37.94/DryContact GbE 3G/3.5G Node B E1/T1 2G11 BTS Electric Power Industry Application: Data and Voice Communications SCADA Controller Security Server E&M V.35 Management Center RTU Host LoopView RS232 10/100 Base-T FXO PSTN AM3440 PBX Data-Base Server T1/E1 Remote Remote SONET/SDH Network Sub-station A Modem T1/E1 RTU V4200-9 FXS B AM3440 FXS RS232 E&M Sub-station...Telecom Networks: PDH, SDH, and Ethernet O9400R Ethernet Backbone GbE O9400R O9400R STM-16 (OC-48) Ring Loop-iNMS O9400R E3/T3 STM-4/1 (OC-12/3) Ring E1/T1 E3/T3 E1/T1 G.SHDSL AM3440 W8140 E TDMo E1 E1/T1/DTE . Slide 1 1 Advanced Network Solutions for Electric Power Applications George Wang Presentation for IEEE Student Branch Slide 2 Introduction and Background • Electric power is essential. down Transmission Slide 4 4 Generation DistributionTransmission Basin Electric Tri-State Electric Rushmore Electric Central Iowa Power Brazos Electric Chugach Electric CenterPoint Energy Knoxville Utilities INDE. Processing Function {i.e. VPN, Encryption} “F” for Firewall or message Filter “M” for Network Managed Function “R” for Router “S” for Switch “T” for Telephone Component. Thus “16ESM” is a managed