... as the system software and the application software. The former includes the operation system( OS) and the language system such as Assemble Language, BASIC, COBOL, C, C ++ and JAVA. Whereas the ... ++ and JAVA. Whereas the latter varies with the application fields, for example, the data base management system(DBMS) , the office automation (OA) software, and the graphic processing software. ... transistors within one small chip. These transistors act as tiny switches either to stop an electrical impulse or let it pass, and all the mathematical and logical calculations are based exactly on...