Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 18 pptx

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 18 pptx

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 18 pptx

... hold at either D- or S -structure. In sentences (a) and (b), Rivera is c-commanded by he at D -structure, so we have a condi- tion-C violation. The adjunct is inserted between D- and S -structure. In ... S -structure. In (d), Rivera is c-commanded by he at S -structure, so again we have a condition-C violation. However, in (c), Rivera is never c-commanded by he, it is inserted after the wh-...
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Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 16 pptx

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 16 pptx

... reference to XPs are many. For example, operations such as wh-movement all seem to target XP-level constituents. Simi- larly, head-movement and morphological operations mostly target individual ... to other parts of the grammar (such as the lexicon or licensing rules), and what remains is the X-bar schema, which directly constrains constitu- ent structure without speciWc phrase structure...
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Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 19 pptx

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 19 pptx

... projection- based theories of phrase structure, but is particularly acute in BPS where there is no plausible top-to-bottom or purely representational 160 controversies However, such a constituent- centric ... in Stepanov (2001). 8.4.3 Bottom-to-top and top-to-bottom derivations Another consequence of the BPS system is the strictly upwardly cyclic nature of the phrase structure derivation....
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Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 27 pptx

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 27 pptx

... Grim- shaw (1992) suggest hybrids of the second and third approaches. They have functional categories, but these are viewed as extended projec- tions of the V. See Bury (2003) for a more up-to-date ... assumption and of the entire functional-projection 27 This is part of an larger programmatic restriction of ‘‘economy of expression’’, where forms appear only in the c -structure of the sent...
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Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 1 pptx

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 1 pptx

... LFG, Simpler Syntax 208 10.4.2 The Parallel Plane hypotheses: L- and S-Syntax and pheno- and tectogrammatical structures 209 10.4.3 Wheel-and-spoke multiplanar approaches 212 10.5. Conclusions 217 11. ... Fischer 3. Information Structure: the Syntax-Discourse Interface Nomi Erteschik-Shir 4. Computational Approaches to Syntax and Morphology Brian Roark and Richard Sproat 5. Constituent St...
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Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 4 pptx

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 4 pptx

... the concatenation-as-addition and the structured-concatenation proced- ures). Instead, we need a richer hierarchical structure (such as that in (9)) to represent which words go together. This hierarchical structure must ... by the embedded clause. Japanese is a typical example: (i) Gakusei-ga sensei-ga odotta-to itta. student-nom teacher-nom danced- that said ‘‘The student said that the t...
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Tài liệu Excel 2010 part 18 pptx

Tài liệu Excel 2010 part 18 pptx

... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 Summarize Data with Subtotals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 12_577639-ch10.indd 17112_577639-ch10.indd 171 3/15/10 2:46 PM3/15/10 2:46 ... confirm, click Yes. Excel removes the AutoFilter drop-down lists and hides the Table Tools contextual tab. 12_577639-ch10.indd 17912_577639-ch10.indd 179 3/15/10 2:46 PM3/15/10 2:46 PM Chapter...
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Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 17 doc

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 17 doc

... of (15b) is that either binding condition C holds at D -structure before wh-movement applies or the wh-phrase ‘‘recon- structs’’ to its D -structure position after the overt component of the grammar. ... added after D -structure and movement. (16) X Bar À! D -Structure # Movement # S -Structure (adjunction happens here) So the derivation of (15d) is such that the adjunct is added after t...
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Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 20 docx

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 20 docx

... system: Lexical-Functional Grammar Strictly speaking, Lexical-Functional Grammar does not belong in this chapter, because it posits separate constituent and relational structures (c- and f-structures); ... 6,LFG makes use of a structured representation of grammatical functions, as dependency and constituency 171 shown in (2). These f-structures are mapped to the constituent structure (c...
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Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 21 pdf

Tài liệu Constituent Structure - Part 21 pdf

... logical structure. This logical structure is then mapped into two diVerent constituent structures, the layered structure of the clause (LCS) and the operator structure, which are representa- tions ... frameworks, constituent structures should fol- low from the semantic and pragmatic properties of the message that is being conveyed. In this sense these approaches derive constituent...
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