Constituent Structure - Part 10
Constituent Structure - Part 10
... derivations in (9)and (10) give diVerent derivation trees (9’) and (10 ), but result in the same constituent structure (12). The derivation in (11) however, reduces to quite a diVerent constituent tree ... the derivations in (9), (10) , and (11): (9) (a) S (b) A B (i) (c) a B (iv) (d) a b (v) (10) (a) S (b) A B (i) (c) A b (v) (d) a b (iv) 74 phrase structure grammars and x-bar (11) (a) S (b) A (ii) ... into immediate constituents. The greater the num- ber of pipes (j) the weaker the boundary between the constituents (i.e. the more pipes, more closely related the words).2 The constituents in...
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Constituent Structure - Part 6
... proposals in Chapter 10. 6 Backofen, Rogers, and Vijay-Shanker (1995) actually argue that Wrst-order axiomiza- tion is impossible for Wnite (but unbounded) trees; they propose a second-order account ... sort of ‘ part of’’ relation. So in (9a, b) the N is a part of NP. The reverse is not true, NP is not a part of N. So in (9a), we assert that man is a part of N, but that N is not a part of man. ... of course, a part of itself (hence the intuition that domination is reXexive). N dominates N, so N is part of N. The part- of quality of domination tells us that when two nodes are part of each...
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Constituent Structure - Part 7
... terminals u, v. In Carnie (2006c), I informally present the non-tangling constraint as the no-crossing- branches constraint: (ii) No-crossing-branches constraint If one node X precedes another node ... axiomatically. This is the so-called non-tangling condition of Wall (1972), which derives a basic assumption of Chomsky (1975): there are no discontinuous constituents.30 A9. Non-tangling condition:(8wxyz ... determining constituent structure, and we will see all of these properties questioned. 44 preliminaries The next chapter continues the investigation of the structural prop- erties of trees. In particular,...
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Constituent Structure - Part 8
... (13) (a) namono azy ny anadahin-dRakoto kill him the sister-of-Rakoto ‘‘Rakoto i ’s sister killed him i .’’ (b) *namono ny anadahin-dRakoto izy kill the sister-of-Rakoto he ‘‘He i killed Rakoto ... the sisterhood relation or symmetric c-command: (17) Symmetric c-command A symmetrically c-commands B, if A c-commands B and B c-commands A. Asymmetric c-command is the kind that holds between ... distinguishes c-command from m-command: (31) I presented Watson i with a picture of himself i . Assuming that the constituent structure of the VP in this sentence is the partly binary branching structure...
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Constituent Structure - Part 9
... these structures. c-command and government 65 This page intentionally left blank Part 2 Phrase Structure Grammars and X-bar Theory This page intentionally left blank 5 Capturing Constituent Structure: ... them), however, a must immedi- ately dominate x and y, which themselves dominate (potentially reXex- ively) the c-commander and the c-commandee. Note, however, that while c-command is frequently deWned ... describing constituent structure in some detail. We have not yet, however, discussed the ways constituent structure might be constructed. Nor have we really discussed what kinds of information constituent...
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Constituent Structure - Part 11
... surface order from a very abstract structure using movement operations.82 phrase structure grammars and x-bar5.4.2 Context-free and context-sensitive phrase structure grammarsLet us distinguish ... GPSG: Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (which, iron-ically, at least in its most recent incarnations is not a phrase structure grammar in anyrecognizable form at all), this arboreal-centric ... and C.The second kind of phrase structure rule (PSR) is the context-freephrase structure rule (the grammar containing such rules is abbrevi-ated either CFG or CF-PSG). These rules disallow reference...
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Constituent Structure - Part 12
... isrepresented by their left-to-right organization in the rule. In versionsof PSG that are primarily tree-geometric rather than being based onP-markers or RPMs, the tree also encodes c-command and governmentrelations.Less ... constructions all involve some constituent (structure- changingtransformations, are, and which rules, respectively) that is displaced96 phrase structure grammars and x-barfrom the place it would ... inXuential X-bar theory in its variousincarnations. The X-bar approach started oV as a series of statementsthat restricts the form of phrase structure rules, but eventually devel-oped into...
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Constituent Structure - Part 13
... LFGLexical-Functional Grammar uses a similar semantic extension to the constituent structure (or c -structure as it is called in LFG): the f -structure, which is similar to the feature structures ... phrase structure rule, just as it ispossible to write a crazy transformation that will radically change the 104 phrase structure grammars and x-bar structure of a tree. Head-Driven Phrase Structure ... the f -structure associated with the dominator. These metavariables are licensed inthe representation via annotations on the phrase structure rules as in(27). A metavariable-annotated c-structure...
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Constituent Structure - Part 14
... process of do-so 5- (or did-so-) replacement. Consider the VPbracketed in (10a). We Wnd replacement of the whole VP is Wne (10b),but so is the replacement of smaller units (10c): (10) (a) I [ate ... to constituent structure/ phrase structure suggested inthis section all make reference to mapping the constituent structure onto some kind of enriched semantic structure. The empirical cover-age ... structure. extended phrase structure grammars 1117X-bar Theory7.1 IntroductionPhrase structure grammars and their extensions provide us withpowerful tools for describing constituent structures, but...
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Constituent Structure - Part 15
... also all 10 See Chametzky (2000) for a discussion of how this insight is retained in theminimalist non-X-bar-theoretic Bare Phrase Structure system.120 phrase structure grammars and x-bar(60) ... another important property that X-bar theory might ac-count for. It appears as if the layers of structure operate in a binarymanner .10 That is, as we add layers of structure, new material is addedone ... intermediate structure (X’),takes us to the point where there are similarities across categories interms of the kinds of phrase structure rule are allowed. Cross-categor-ial generalizations about structure...
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Từ khóa: writing template book part 10reading upper intermediate part 10teaching academic esl writing part 10963 bài essays mẫu part 10toefl stucture bank part 10toefl ibt listening e part 10master toefl vocabulary part 10ielts practice test plus part 10ace the toefl essay part 10how to prepare for the toefl part 10ielts reading tests part 10vocabulary for ielts part 10đề thi toeic part 10test your reading part 10acheive toeic bridge part 10chuyên đề điện xoay chiều theo dạngNghiên cứu sự hình thành lớp bảo vệ và khả năng chống ăn mòn của thép bền thời tiết trong điều kiện khí hậu nhiệt đới việt namđề thi thử THPTQG 2019 toán THPT chuyên thái bình lần 2 có lời giảiGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 13: Thực hành phát hiện diệp lục và carôtenôitĐỒ ÁN NGHIÊN CỨU CÔNG NGHỆ KẾT NỐI VÔ TUYẾN CỰ LY XA, CÔNG SUẤT THẤP LPWANNGHIÊN CỨU CÔNG NGHỆ KẾT NỐI VÔ TUYẾN CỰ LY XA, CÔNG SUẤT THẤP LPWAN SLIDEQuản lý hoạt động học tập của học sinh theo hướng phát triển kỹ năng học tập hợp tác tại các trường phổ thông dân tộc bán trú huyện ba chẽ, tỉnh quảng ninhPhát triển mạng lưới kinh doanh nước sạch tại công ty TNHH một thành viên kinh doanh nước sạch quảng ninhNghiên cứu về mô hình thống kê học sâu và ứng dụng trong nhận dạng chữ viết tay hạn chếThơ nôm tứ tuyệt trào phúng hồ xuân hươngSở hữu ruộng đất và kinh tế nông nghiệp châu ôn (lạng sơn) nửa đầu thế kỷ XIXKiểm sát việc giải quyết tố giác, tin báo về tội phạm và kiến nghị khởi tố theo pháp luật tố tụng hình sự Việt Nam từ thực tiễn tỉnh Bình Định (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Quản lý nợ xấu tại Agribank chi nhánh huyện Phù Yên, tỉnh Sơn La (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Nguyên tắc phân hóa trách nhiệm hình sự đối với người dưới 18 tuổi phạm tội trong pháp luật hình sự Việt Nam (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Giáo án Sinh học 11 bài 14: Thực hành phát hiện hô hấp ở thực vậtGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 14: Thực hành phát hiện hô hấp ở thực vậtGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 14: Thực hành phát hiện hô hấp ở thực vậtHIỆU QUẢ CỦA MÔ HÌNH XỬ LÝ BÙN HOẠT TÍNH BẰNG KIỀMMÔN TRUYỀN THÔNG MARKETING TÍCH HỢPQUẢN LÝ VÀ TÁI CHẾ NHỰA Ở HOA KỲ