An overview of the EU Member States support schemes for the promotion of renewable energy sources

... In this work, an overview of the European Union (EU) Member States support schemes for the promotion of renewable energy sources (RES) is provided. In particular, the status of the electricity ... Specifically, an action plan in the form of an EU Directive on the promotion of the use of energy from RES [3] has been introduced by the EU whereby a target of RES share of 20% out of the gross final energy ... reserved. An overview of the EU Member States support schemes for the promotion of renewable energy sources Andreas Poullikkas, George Kourtis, Ioannis Hadjipaschalis Electricity Authority of Cyprus,...

... VROOMAN • The risk factors operate at the micro level of the individual, at the meso level of formal and informal organisations and social settings, and at the macro level of government and ... of the then EU member states (excluding Malta), plus Norway and Iceland. The dataset gives relevant information for the first dimension (material deprivation) and for two aspects of the second ... straightforward manner to the theoretical meaning of social exclusion described earlier. The information can be reduced by constructing indices for each of the theoretical dimensions, based on the...

... the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the Thematic Strategy on the Prevention and Recycling of ... set by the operator of the landfill for the provision of the service. The typical charge for the disposal of municipal waste in a landfill is assessed. The term is referring to the sum of the prevailing ... Screening of waste management performance of EU Member States. Report submitted under the EC project Support to Member States in improving waste management based on assessment of Member States ...

... TelefaxNo.DanaCarreraNo.94C4094JUdgecastilloPlaintiffsDefendant.vs.SelmaS.BUYCKS-ROBERSON,)ReneeBROOKSandCalvinROBERSON)onbehalf of themselvesand)otherssimilarlysituated,))))))))))))CITIBANKFEDERALSAVINGSBANK,IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICTCOURT FOR THE NORTHERNDISTRICT OF ILLINOISEASTERNDIVISIONSECONDAMENDEDCOMPLAINTPlaintiffsSelmaS.Buycks-Roberson,ReneeBrooksandCalvinR.Roberson,onbehalf of themselvesandotherssimilarlysituated,byandthroughtheirattorneys,makethisSecondAmendedComplaintagainstDefendant,citibankFederalSavingsBank("Citibank").NATURE OF THE ACTION1.ThisisacivilactionbroughtbySelmaS.Buycks-Roberson,ReneeBrooksandCalvinR.Robersononbehalf of themselvesandallotherAfrican-Americanswhosehomeloanapplicationstocitibankoriginatedfrom the Chicagometropolitanareaandwhoseapplicationswererejectedbecause of theirraceorcolororbecause of the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocated.Thisactionseeksinjunctivereliefandmonetarydamages for violations of 42u.S.C.§§1981and1982;42U.S.C.§3605and15U.S.C.§169l(a).JURISDICTIONANDVENUE2.Jurisdiction of thiscourtarisesunder28U.S.C.§1343(a)(4),42U.S.C.§3613(a)(1)(A)and15U.S.C.§1691e(f).3.Venueisproperin the NorthernDistrict of Illinoissincesome of the actsandtransactionscomplained of occurredinthisdistrict. THE PARTIES4.PlaintiffSelmaS.Buycks-Robersonis an African-Americancitizen of the united States whoresidesinBroadview,Illinois.5.PlaintiffReneeBrooksis an African-Americancitizen of the united States whoresidesinChicago,Illinois.6.PlaintiffCalvinR.Robersonis an African-Americancitizen of the united States whoresidesinChicago,Illinois.7.Defendantcitibankisafederalsavingsbankthatoffersresidentialmortgageloans("homeloans").CLASSACTIONSALLEGATIONS8.(a)Plaintiffsarecitibankhomeloanapplicants;theybringthisactiononbehalf of themselvesandallotherAfrican-Americanhomeloanapplicantssimilarlysituated.ThisactionisbroughtasaclassactionpursuanttoRule23(b)(2)andRule23(b)(3) of the FederalRules of CivilProcedure.(b) The classconsists of allAfrican-Americanswhofiledapplications for homeloanstocitibankandwererejectedonorafterJuly6,1992becausetheyareAfrican-Americanand/or2because the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodsinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocatedwaspredominantlyAfrican-American.(c) The classissonumerousthatjoinder of allpersonsisimpracticable.PlaintiffsareinformedandbelievethatmanyhomeloanapplicationstoDefendantbyAfrican-Americanswereillegallyrejected.Oninformationandbelief,Defendantrejected the homeloanapplications of manydozens of African-Americanapplicantsbecause of theirraceorcolor,and/orbecause of the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodsinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocated.(d)Plaintiffswillfairlyandadequatelyprotect the interests of allclassmembers,astheyaremembers of the classandtheirclaimsaretypical of the claims of allclassmembers.Plaintiffsareincensedby the treatmenttheyhavereceivedandwillaggressivelypursuetheiraswellas the class'sinterests.Plaintiffs'interestsinobtaininginjunctivereliefandmonetarydamages for the violations of the above-mentionedfederalstatutesareconsistentwithandnotantagonistictothose of anypersonwithin the class.(e) The commonquestions of lawandfactinclude:(i)whetherDefendanthadapolicy,practiceorproceduretorejecthomeloanapplicationson the basis of the applicants'raceoron the basis of the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodsinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocated;(ii)whether the conductallegedhereinisinviolation of Title42U.S.C.§§1981and1982;42U.S.C.§3605and15U.S.C.3§1691(a);and(iii)whetherPlaintiffsareentitledto an award of actual,compensatoryorpunitivedamages.(f) The wrongfulconductallegedhereinhasbeentakengenerallyagainstallmembers of the classinthatAfrican-Americanhomeloanapplicantshavehadtheirloanapplicationsrejectedon the basis of theirraceorcolor,orbecause of the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodsinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocated,orboth,pursuantto the policies,practicesorprocedures of Defendant.(g) The commonquestions of factandlawpredominateoverquestionsaffectingonlyindividualclassmembers.(h)Aclassactionissuperiortootheravailablemethods for the fairandefficientadjudication of the controversyinthat:(i)amUltiplicity of suitswithconsequentburdenon the courtsandDefendantshouldbeavoided;and(ii)itwouldbeundulyburdensome for allclassmemberstointerveneasparties-plaintiffsinthisaction. THE FACTSMs.Buycks-Roberson9.OnoraboutApril4,1992,PlaintiffSelmaBuycks-Robersonapplied for ahomeloan of approximately$43,700fromcitibank.10. The purpose of the loanwastorefinance an existingmortgage of approximately$43,500onMs.Buycks-Roberson'shome,locatedat2057South25thAvenueinBroadview,Illinois.11. The propertythatMs.Buycks-Robersonattemptedtorefinanceislocatedinaneighborhoodinwhich the African-4Americanrepresentationisgrowingandcurrentlyconstitutesoverfiftypercent(50%) of thatneighborhood'spopulation.12.Ms.Buycks-Robersonprovidedtocitibankextensivefinancialdocumentationconcerningherfinancialabilityand the property,includingdocumentsshowingannualincome of over$47,000.13.OnoraboutApril28,1992,Ms.Buycks-RobersonreceivedfromDefendantcitibankaletterthatinformedherthathermortgageloanapplicationhadbeendeniedbecause of delinquentcreditobligationsandotheradversecredit.14.OnJune19,1992,Ms.'Buycks-Robersonreapplied for the homeloan,andagainprovidedtocitibankextensivefinancial.documentationconcerningherannualincome,financialabilityandadditionalinformationconcerninghercreditworthiness.15.OnorafterJuly10,1992,Ms.Buycks-Robersonreceivedfromcitibankaletterthatinformedherthathermortgageloanapplicationhadbeendeniedbecauseher"income[did]not support the amount of creditrequested."16.Ms.Buycks-Robersonwasqualifiedtoreceive the loanshesoughtfromcitibank.Ms.Brooks17.OnoraboutNovember25,1993,PlaintiffReneeBrooksapplied for ahomeloan of approximately$95,000fromcitibank.18.Ms.BrooksprovidedCitibankwithalldocumentationthatCitibankrequired.519. The purpose of the loanwastorefinance an existingmortgage of approximately$95,000onMs.Brooks'scondominium,locatedat5000SouthCornellStreetinChicago,Illinois.20. The propertythatMs.BrooksattemptedtorefinanceislocatedinaneighborhoodinwhichthereisasignificantAfrican-Americanpopulation.21.OnoraboutMarch8,1994,Ms.Brooks'sapplication for ahomeloanwasdeniedon the groundsthatshehadinadequatecollateral,andon the groundsthatshehadsubmitted an incompleteapplication.22.Ms.Brookswasqualifiedtoreceive the homeloanshesoughtfrom'citibank.Mr.Roberson23.OnoraboutJuly9,1993,PlaintiffCalvinRobersonapplied for ahomeloan of approximately$43,000fromcitibank.24. The purpose of the loanwastorefinance an existingmortgage of approximately$43,000onMr.Roberson'shome,locatedat2847West85thStreetinChicago,Illinois.25. The propertywhichMr.Robersonattemptedtorefinanceisloc~tedinaneighborhoodinwhich the African-Americanrepresentationisgrowing.26.Mr.Robersonprovidedcitibankwithalldocumentationthatcitibankrequested,includingdocumentsshowing an annualincome of approximately$69,000fromhismanagementpositionatAT&T,and the equityinhishomevaluedatapproximately$75,000.Mr.Robersonalsoprovided"documentationshowingadditionalliquidassetswellinexcess of the amount of the loanrequested.6Mr.Roberson'sincomewasmorethansufficienttoenablehimtomeethiscreditobligations.27.'OnoraboutJuly9,1993,Mr.Robersonreceivedaletterfrom'citibank,denyinghisapplication for refinancingon the groundsthatitwas"incomplete,"andon the groundsthatDefendantcitibankdidnot"makethistype of loan.".28.Mr.Robersonwasqualifiedtoreceive the loanhesoughtfromcitibank.COUNTIEQUALCREDIT ... TelefaxNo.DanaCarreraNo.94C4094JUdgecastilloPlaintiffsDefendant.vs.SelmaS.BUYCKS-ROBERSON,)ReneeBROOKSandCalvinROBERSON)onbehalf of themselvesand)otherssimilarlysituated,))))))))))))CITIBANKFEDERALSAVINGSBANK,IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICTCOURT FOR THE NORTHERNDISTRICT OF ILLINOISEASTERNDIVISIONSECONDAMENDEDCOMPLAINTPlaintiffsSelmaS.Buycks-Roberson,ReneeBrooksandCalvinR.Roberson,onbehalf of themselvesandotherssimilarlysituated,byandthroughtheirattorneys,makethisSecondAmendedComplaintagainstDefendant,citibankFederalSavingsBank("Citibank").NATURE OF THE ACTION1.ThisisacivilactionbroughtbySelmaS.Buycks-Roberson,ReneeBrooksandCalvinR.Robersononbehalf of themselvesandallotherAfrican-Americanswhosehomeloanapplicationstocitibankoriginatedfrom the Chicagometropolitanareaandwhoseapplicationswererejectedbecause of theirraceorcolororbecause of the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocated.Thisactionseeksinjunctivereliefandmonetarydamages for violations of 42u.S.C.§§1981and1982;42U.S.C.§3605and15U.S.C.§169l(a).JURISDICTIONANDVENUE2.Jurisdiction of thiscourtarisesunder28U.S.C.§1343(a)(4),42U.S.C.§3613(a)(1)(A)and15U.S.C.§1691e(f).3.Venueisproperin the NorthernDistrict of Illinoissincesome of the actsandtransactionscomplained of occurredinthisdistrict. THE PARTIES4.PlaintiffSelmaS.Buycks-Robersonis an African-Americancitizen of the united States whoresidesinBroadview,Illinois.5.PlaintiffReneeBrooksis an African-Americancitizen of the united States whoresidesinChicago,Illinois.6.PlaintiffCalvinR.Robersonis an African-Americancitizen of the united States whoresidesinChicago,Illinois.7.Defendantcitibankisafederalsavingsbankthatoffersresidentialmortgageloans("homeloans").CLASSACTIONSALLEGATIONS8.(a)Plaintiffsarecitibankhomeloanapplicants;theybringthisactiononbehalf of themselvesandallotherAfrican-Americanhomeloanapplicantssimilarlysituated.ThisactionisbroughtasaclassactionpursuanttoRule23(b)(2)andRule23(b)(3) of the FederalRules of CivilProcedure.(b) The classconsists of allAfrican-Americanswhofiledapplications for homeloanstocitibankandwererejectedonorafterJuly6,1992becausetheyareAfrican-Americanand/or2because the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodsinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocatedwaspredominantlyAfrican-American.(c) The classissonumerousthatjoinder of allpersonsisimpracticable.PlaintiffsareinformedandbelievethatmanyhomeloanapplicationstoDefendantbyAfrican-Americanswereillegallyrejected.Oninformationandbelief,Defendantrejected the homeloanapplications of manydozens of African-Americanapplicantsbecause of theirraceorcolor,and/orbecause of the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodsinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocated.(d)Plaintiffswillfairlyandadequatelyprotect the interests of allclassmembers,astheyaremembers of the classandtheirclaimsaretypical of the claims of allclassmembers.Plaintiffsareincensedby the treatmenttheyhavereceivedandwillaggressivelypursuetheiraswellas the class'sinterests.Plaintiffs'interestsinobtaininginjunctivereliefandmonetarydamages for the violations of the above-mentionedfederalstatutesareconsistentwithandnotantagonistictothose of anypersonwithin the class.(e) The commonquestions of lawandfactinclude:(i)whetherDefendanthadapolicy,practiceorproceduretorejecthomeloanapplicationson the basis of the applicants'raceoron the basis of the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodsinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocated;(ii)whether the conductallegedhereinisinviolation of Title42U.S.C.§§1981and1982;42U.S.C.§3605and15U.S.C.3§1691(a);and(iii)whetherPlaintiffsareentitledto an award of actual,compensatoryorpunitivedamages.(f) The wrongfulconductallegedhereinhasbeentakengenerallyagainstallmembers of the classinthatAfrican-Americanhomeloanapplicantshavehadtheirloanapplicationsrejectedon the basis of theirraceorcolor,orbecause of the racialcomposition of the neighborhoodsinwhichtheirpropertieswerelocated,orboth,pursuantto the policies,practicesorprocedures of Defendant.(g) The commonquestions of factandlawpredominateoverquestionsaffectingonlyindividualclassmembers.(h)Aclassactionissuperiortootheravailablemethods for the fairandefficientadjudication of the controversyinthat:(i)amUltiplicity of suitswithconsequentburdenon the courtsandDefendantshouldbeavoided;and(ii)itwouldbeundulyburdensome for allclassmemberstointerveneasparties-plaintiffsinthisaction. THE FACTSMs.Buycks-Roberson9.OnoraboutApril4,1992,PlaintiffSelmaBuycks-Robersonapplied for ahomeloan of approximately$43,700fromcitibank.10. The purpose of the loanwastorefinance an existingmortgage of approximately$43,500onMs.Buycks-Roberson'shome,locatedat2057South25thAvenueinBroadview,Illinois.11. The propertythatMs.Buycks-Robersonattemptedtorefinanceislocatedinaneighborhoodinwhich the African-4Americanrepresentationisgrowingandcurrentlyconstitutesoverfiftypercent(50%) of thatneighborhood'spopulation.12.Ms.Buycks-Robersonprovidedtocitibankextensivefinancialdocumentationconcerningherfinancialabilityand the property,includingdocumentsshowingannualincome of over$47,000.13.OnoraboutApril28,1992,Ms.Buycks-RobersonreceivedfromDefendantcitibankaletterthatinformedherthathermortgageloanapplicationhadbeendeniedbecause of delinquentcreditobligationsandotheradversecredit.14.OnJune19,1992,Ms.'Buycks-Robersonreapplied for the homeloan,andagainprovidedtocitibankextensivefinancial.documentationconcerningherannualincome,financialabilityandadditionalinformationconcerninghercreditworthiness.15.OnorafterJuly10,1992,Ms.Buycks-Robersonreceivedfromcitibankaletterthatinformedherthathermortgageloanapplicationhadbeendeniedbecauseher"income[did]not support the amount of creditrequested."16.Ms.Buycks-Robersonwasqualifiedtoreceive the loanshesoughtfromcitibank.Ms.Brooks17.OnoraboutNovember25,1993,PlaintiffReneeBrooksapplied for ahomeloan of approximately$95,000fromcitibank.18.Ms.BrooksprovidedCitibankwithalldocumentationthatCitibankrequired.519. The purpose of the loanwastorefinance an existingmortgage of approximately$95,000onMs.Brooks'scondominium,locatedat5000SouthCornellStreetinChicago,Illinois.20. The propertythatMs.BrooksattemptedtorefinanceislocatedinaneighborhoodinwhichthereisasignificantAfrican-Americanpopulation.21.OnoraboutMarch8,1994,Ms.Brooks'sapplication for ahomeloanwasdeniedon the groundsthatshehadinadequatecollateral,andon the groundsthatshehadsubmitted an incompleteapplication.22.Ms.Brookswasqualifiedtoreceive the homeloanshesoughtfrom'citibank.Mr.Roberson23.OnoraboutJuly9,1993,PlaintiffCalvinRobersonapplied for ahomeloan of approximately$43,000fromcitibank.24. The purpose of the loanwastorefinance an existingmortgage of approximately$43,000onMr.Roberson'shome,locatedat2847West85thStreetinChicago,Illinois.25. The propertywhichMr.Robersonattemptedtorefinanceisloc~tedinaneighborhoodinwhich the African-Americanrepresentationisgrowing.26.Mr.Robersonprovidedcitibankwithalldocumentationthatcitibankrequested,includingdocumentsshowing an annualincome of approximately$69,000fromhismanagementpositionatAT&T,and the equityinhishomevaluedatapproximately$75,000.Mr.Robersonalsoprovided"documentationshowingadditionalliquidassetswellinexcess of the amount of the loanrequested.6Mr.Roberson'sincomewasmorethansufficienttoenablehimtomeethiscreditobligations.27.'OnoraboutJuly9,1993,Mr.Robersonreceivedaletterfrom'citibank,denyinghisapplication for refinancingon the groundsthatitwas"incomplete,"andon the groundsthatDefendantcitibankdidnot"makethistype of loan.".28.Mr.Robersonwasqualifiedtoreceive the loanhesoughtfromcitibank.COUNTIEQUALCREDIT ... OPPORTUNITY29.Plaintiffsadoptandreallege!!1through28 of thisComplaintandincorporatethembyreferenceas~29 of CountI.30. The EqualCreditOpportunityAct,15U.S.C.§1691(1976),makesitunlawful for anycreditortodiscriminateagainstanyapplicantwithrespecttoanyaspect of acredittransactionon the basis of race.section1691e of thisActallowsacivilactiontobebroughtbyanypersondamagedunder the Act.31.DefendantrefusedtoapprovePlaintiffs'loanapplications.becausePlaintiffsareAfrican-American.Defendanthas,therefore,discriminatedagainstPlaintiffson the basis of theirraceorcolor,inviolation of the EqualCreditopportunityAct,15U.S.C.,§1691,et~32.Asadirectandproximateresult of Defendant'sunlawfuldiscriminationagainstPlaintiffs,PlaintiffshavesUffered,andcontinuetosuffer,greatembarrassment,humiliationandemotionaldistress.733.Plaintiffspossessedadequateincomeandassetsandhadadequatecr~dithistorytoqualify for the loansrequested, the valueand/or the e~itytheyhadintheirpropertiesweresufficientto support the loans,andDefendantwasaware of thosefacts.34.Defendant'sdiscriminationagainstPlaintiffswasintentionalandwillful.WHEREFORE,eachPlaintiffasksjUdgmentagainstDefendant for: (a)Actualdamagesin an amounttobeprovedattrial;(b)Compensatorydamagesin an amounttobeprovedattrial;(c)Punitivedamages,notexceeding the lesser of $500,000oronepercentum of the networth of the Defendant;(d)Appropriateinjunctiverelief;(e)Reasonableattorneys'fees·andcosts of suit;and(f)Furtherreliefasthiscourtdeemsjustandproper.COUNTIIFAIRHOUSINGACT35.Plaintiffsadoptandreallege~~1through28 of thisComplaintandincorporatethembyreferenceas~35 of CountII.36.Thisclaimisbroughtunder the FairHousingAct,42U.S.C.§§3601,et~section3613(a)(1)(A) of thisActallowsacivilactiontobebroughtbyanypersondamaged.under the Act.sections3605(a)and(b)(1)providesthatitshallbeunlawful for anypersonorentitywhosebusinessincludesengaginginresidentialreal-estate-relatedtransactionsto8...

... http://www.energytomorrow.org /Energy_ and _the_ Economy.aspx 13 (1) the initial exploration and development of offshore facilities; (2) the extraction of reserves; and (3) the refining of raw ... taxation. Any company dealing with “a foreign country as both the sovereign and as the grantor of an economic benefit, such as a concession for developing the country’s natural resources” is ... The change would eliminate the “facts and circumstances test” and the safe harbor applicable where there is no generally applicable tax, and in all other cases limit the creditable tax to the...

... hydrolysis-resistant, synthetic S-analogs of natural O-glucosides involved in the bio-synthesis of chrysomelidial and salicin. These sub-stances are synthesized and secreted as part of a de-fense mechanism ... represents a promising thera-peutic approach. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of thioglycosides on human SGLT1 and SGLT2. For this purpose, stably transfected Chinese ... [27]. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of some thioglycosides synthesized in our laboratory on human hSGLT1 and hSGLT2 –as a potential therapeutic...

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... although the main source of contacts for early inter-views was the Of ce of the Deputy Mayor, the of ces of the deans at GWU and Georgetown and the SAG. During the resulting first round of interviews, ... economic analysis of their sectors. The goal of the analysis was twofold: first, to provide the raw analytic material that would support findings and recom-mendations later in the process and, second, ... Development and Strategy Of ce of the Deputy MayorTogether with the Mayor’s of ce the executive committee laid out the goals of the project as well as the general approach to be used. The stated...