... medication and cancer.How do epidemiologists decide whetheran association between an exposure and adisease is one of cause and effect? Themethods and processes of epidemiology and their limitations ... Utah, and Hawaii and with the metropoli-tan areas of Los Angeles, California; Detroit,Michigan; San Francisco-Oakland and San Jose-Monterey, California; Seattle-Puget Sound, Wash-ington; and ... neuroblastomas and retinoblastomas.Certain groups can be identified as specific entitieson death certificates: Leukemias, Lymphomas,Bones, Brain and other CNS tumors, and Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s...