... tremuloides and the resultant canopy gaps formed, appear to be critical for P glauca regeneration in mature and old stands Natural regeneration may be enhanced by taking advantage of the advanced regeneration ... Recruitment pattern of P glauca seedlings changed along the chronosequence L(t) analysis (Fig 4) showed that the spatial distribution of P glauca seedlings was mainly random in 5, 16, 76, 77 y stands In ... trees, saplings, seedlings, and snags following fire in the mixedwood section of the boreal forest Further, we quantitatively characterize the spatial pattern of seedlings and the importance of seedbed...