... 1 35, 136history of clinical research 4, 6Holter monitors 131, 139hybrid designs 213, 216hydrochlorothiazide 3 35 hypertensive patients 50 , 3 35 hypothesis 5, 9, 15 17, 19–21, 45 51 , 54 , 58 , ... 190, 216, 250 – 255 , 258 , 259 , 261, 272, 273, 2 75, 278, 283–2 85, 287–290, 297, 301, 303, 308, 3 15, 324PROBE design 41, 73, 77, 82procedural advising 341“proof of concept” studies 55 , 102propensity ... 111presentation skills 3 45 351 pretest odds 258 pre-test probability 251 prevalence of disease 200, 254 privatization of clinical research 147proarrhythmia 1 25, 131probabilistic reasoning 250 probability...