... quantities of Vpr. 2). Vpr promotes the binding of the PIC (including MA, integrase (IN) and proviral DNA) to importins and nucleoporins, thereby facilitating nuclear entry of HIV- 1 provirus into the ... pre-viously, Vpr plays a significant role in the permissiveinfection of HIV- 1 into macrophages and may increase the survival of infected myeloid cells; therefore, it isindirectly related to HIV- D pathogenesis. Vpr ... impairment in HIV- 1 patients as well as anecessary factor for the infection and survival of HIV infected macrophages, thereby further contributing to the pathogenesis of HIV- D.Vpr and HIVAN HIV associated...