Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 13 ppsx
Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 13 ppsx
... the bandwidth of the scattered signal and not of the transmitted one (matched filtration) for noise bandwidth computing. However, the signal-to-noise ratio worsens by thousands of times, and the ... particles, and the frequency broad-ening of the signals is determined by their thermal velocities. The Doppler broad-ening of a spectrum is estimated by the value (13. 2)on the basis of Equation ... on the curve of the foreshortened cone crossing the surface of Earth, is applicable. Determination of the frequency shift of the scattered waves(due to Doppler effect) and the velocities of the...
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Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 3 ppsx
... Press66 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment logical compared to their energy flows. If the following is the power flow density of the incident wave:then the flow density of its ... Press76 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment , (3.94)where, as before, F23(d) is the Fresnel coefficient of reflection from the back wall of the layer. The selection of the solution ... CRC Press80 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment The boundary condition for these equations is conversion of the solutions into zeroat z = d. Then, we obtain:(3. 113) (3.114)(3.115)The...
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Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 11 ppsx
... for remote sensing of the environment are mounted on the surface of the Earth, on ships and riverboats, and on air- and spacecraft. Earth-mounted radaris used for the study of the atmosphere and ... measurement of σ0 permits us toestimate the height of the sea waves and then draw conclusions about the velocity of the near-surface winds. Knowledge of the forest area σ0 at the C-band leads ... Press318 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment SAT, and others.146 The range resolution in this technique is determined by the relation:, (11.38)where ∆f is the radar signal bandwidth....
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Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 1 docx
... A. Armand and V. M. Polyakov Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment © 2005 by CRC Press18 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment The essence of Kirchhoff’s ... 2005 by CRC Press26 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment Conceptually, we should have to calculate the real part of the defined coherencefunction and apply the corresponding ... Press16 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment variables is much more than the wavelength. After having determined the rapidlychanged factor exp(ikz), the longitudinal scale of the...
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Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 2 pps
... Press52 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment (2.93)which occurs when the frequency of the received wave is more than the frequency of the radiation. In the opposite case of mutual ... Press48 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment is proportional to the total signal energy. The corresponding calculation gives the result:(2.80)A comparison of the shape of the ... Press44 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment (2.65)Here, matrix M is the Mueller matrix. We do not provide the components of the Mueller matrix here, as they are overall rather...
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Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 4 potx
... Press 88 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment If angle α between the direction of the ray and the direction of the permittivity isintroduced, then:(4 .13) Further, it ... Press106 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment The initial eikonal value is assumed to be zero. Furthermore, let L be the distancez traveled by the wave in the medium. In these ... Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment the equations of the zero-order approximation. Now we can easily show that the eikonal equation may be written down in the form:(4.4)The...
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Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 5 docx
... Press 134 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment we should take into consideration the relation between the magnetic and electric components of the reflected wave. Then,(5.90) and ... 114 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment volume of a medium having a single section and length ds along the direction of wave propagation. The power flow density at the ... values of – 1 (see Section 5.6). Further, it© 2005 by CRC Press154 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment For large-scale inhomogeneities,(5.178)In the particular case of the...
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Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 6 pps
... CRC Press190 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment which represents the section of the antenna pattern by the mean plane of the scat-tering surface. We neglected the difference ... 186 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment The probability integral is now introduced:45. (6.117)At τ < 0, before the arrival of the wave reflected from the level of the ... particularly, on the ratio of the roughness scales and the wavelength. The nature of the roughness varies dependingon the type of surface. Sea surface roughness is a result of the interaction of the wind...
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Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 7 docx
... Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment In this case, we can neglect the role of small-scale turbulence. Then, it is convenientto use the relation:(7.30)known from the theory ... 220 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment 7.5 THE COHERENCE FUNCTION OF A SPHERICAL WAVE The sources function for the spherical wave is given as the product:(7.40) The ... Page 213 Thursday, September 30, 2004 1:43 PM© 2005 by CRC Press 212 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment (7.2)Here s is the vector orthogonal to the main wave propagation...
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Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment - Chapter 8 pdf
... by CRC Press 224 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment In the case of the receiver responding only to the y-component of waves, we have:(8.9)If the receiver detects ... defined in Chapter 6© 2005 by CRC Press 222 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment is substituted for its approximate value and (8.3)is valid in the radiofrequency band. It ... 236 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment Let us represent the incident wave polarization vector in the form:(8.46) The fluctuation field received is divided into the field of...
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