... Surgery appears to be preferable as a one arm of multimodality therapy in p-stage III/N2 patients withsingle or 2 involved lymp h nodes. The optimal incorporation of surgery into the multimodality ... conceived of the study, and drafted the manuscript. MT participated in the study and performed the statistical analysis. SO, YS, YN, HS, HU, and FTparticipated in the study and coordination. ... imaging) of the brain was routinely employed forasse ssment of distant meta stasis. Bronchoscopy was rou-tinely performed to obtain a pathological diagnosis bytransbronchial lung biopsy, and...