... al.
(20 05) .
In the case of DHT-based systems, the basic idea is to reserve a fraction of the
identifier space for superpeers. Recall that in DHT-based systems each node
receives a random and uniformly ... the issue of how
processes in distributed systems synchronize. Synchronization is all about doing
the right thing at the right time. A problem in distributed systems, and com...
... one for handling interaction with the user and
SEC. 2.2
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES
53
Collaborative Distributed Systems
Hybrid structures are notably deployed in collaborative distributed systems.
The ... architectures and software architectures. On the one hand, we
need to organize the components of a distributed system such that monitoring and
adjustments can be done, while on t...
... distributed systems and applications are built directly on top of the sim-
ple message-oriented model offered by the transport layer. To better understand
and appreciate the message-oriented systems ... message-
oriented communication in distributed systems by first taking a closer look at
what exactly synchronous behavior is and what its implications are. Then, we dis-
cuss m...
... [1 5] , and S12 for values in [6 10].
Likewise, server S21 records values for a2 in range [101 150 ] and server S22 for
values in [ 151 200]. Then, when the resource gets values (a 1
=
7,a2
=
1 75) ,
server ... is shown in Fig. 5- 14.
In distributed systems, name servers in the global and administrational layer are
the most difficult to implement. Difficulties are caused by replica...
... mentioned protocols, are common to many distributed systems,
and are discussed extensively in this chapter. The main difficulty in designing
secure distributed systems is not so much caused by security ... concerning checkpoints and
message logging. Elnozahy et al. (2002) provide a survey of checkpointing and
logging in distributed systems. Various algorithmic details can be f...
... the capability), and then runs the result through a one-way function.
444
DISTRIBUTED OBJECT-BASED SYSTEMS
CHAP. 10
Object orientation began to be used for developing distributed systems in the
1980s. ... generation of distributed systems. In this section, we will first take
a deeper look into the general architecture of object-based distributed systems,
after which we can se...
... If this
11
DISTRIBUTED FILE SYSTEMS
Considering that sharing data is fundamental to distributed systems, it is not
surprising that distributed file systems form the basis for many distributed ... systems and applications. In this chapter, we consider
distributed file systems as a paradigm for general-purpose distributed systems.
11.1 ARCHITECTURE
We start our discussi...
... 56 6
DISTRIBUTED WEB;.BASED SYSTEMS
CHAP. 12
12.3.2 Simple Object Access Protocol
Where HTTP is the standard communication protocol for traditional Web-
based distributed systems, the ... can be enforced. Clearly, whenever a main document is changed. a
DISTRIBUTED WEB-BASED SYSTEMS
CHAP. 12
56 4
DISTRIBUTED WEB-BASED SYSTEMS
CHAP. 12
Figure 12-12. (a) HTTP request message. (b...