Chapter 104 Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 5) docx
Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 5) docx
... Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 5) Morphology of AML cells. A. Uniform population of primitive myeloblasts with immature chromatin, nucleoli in some cells, and ... Ecchymosis and oozing from IV sites (DIC, possible acute promyelocytic leukemia) Fever and tachycardia (signs of infection) Papilledema, retinal infiltrates, cranial nerve abnormalities (CNS leukemia) ... patients and cryopreserved for future use as new tests and therapeutics become available. All patients should be evaluated for infection. Table 104- 2 Initial Diagnostic Evaluation and Management...
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Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 12) docx
... metamyelocytes and band forms. Cycling of the counts may be Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 12) Clinical Presentation Symptoms The clinical onset of the chronic phase ... counts (WBCs), with increases in both immature and mature granulocytes, are present at diagnosis. Usually <5% circulating blasts and <10% blasts and promyelocytes are noted with the majority ... usually normal at diagnosis and remain normal during the chronic phase. Histamine production secondary to basophilia is increased in later stages, causing pruritus, diarrhea, and flushing. At diagnosis,...
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Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 1) ppsx
... the past by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for marketing based on trials using the FAB criteria. Acute Myeloid Leukemia Incidence The incidence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is ~3.7 ... years after exposure, and affected individuals have aberrations in chromosomes 5 and 7. Topoisomerase II inhibitor–associated leukemias occur 1–3 years after exposure, and affected individuals ... Chemical and Other Exposures Exposure to benzene, a solvent used in the chemical, plastic, rubber, and pharmaceutical industries, is associated with an increased incidence of AML. Smoking and exposure...
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Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 2) pot
... Acute myelomonocytic leukemia Acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia Acute erythroid leukemia Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia Acute basophilic leukemia Acute panmyelosis ... myelofibrosis Myeloid sarcoma French-American-British (FAB) Classificationc Incidence M0: Minimally differentiated leukemia 5% M1: Myeloblastic leukemia without maturation 20% M2: Myeloblastic leukemia ... Myelomonocytic leukemia 20% M4Eo: Variant: Increase in abnormal marrow eosinophils M5: Monocytic leukemia 10% M6: Erythroleukemia (DiGuglielmo's disease) 4% M7: Megakaryoblastic leukemia...
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Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 3) pps
... Continuous activation of Flt3 and downstream target kinases, including signal transducer and Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 3) Immunophenotype and Relevance to the WHO ... associated with younger age are t(8;21) and t(l5;17); with older age, del(5q) and del(7q). Myeloid sarcomas (see below) are associated with t(8;21) and disseminated intravascular coagulation ... for separating AML from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and identifying some types of AML. For example, AML that is minimally differentiated (immature morphology and no lineage-specific...
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Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 4) pps
... morphologically by abnormal lobulation and deficient granulation. Figure 104- 1 Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 4) Clinical Presentation Symptoms Patients with AML most ... they are, myeloid lineage is virtually certain (Fig 104- 1). Poor neutrophil function may be noted by impaired phagocytosis and migration and morphologically by abnormal lobulation and deficient ... anemia. The median presenting leukocyte count is about 15,000/µL. Between 25 and 40% of patients have counts <5000/µL, and 20% have counts >100,000/µL. Fewer than 5% have no detectable leukemic...
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Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 6) pps
... achievement of CR. In addition, patients who achieve Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 6) Most patients are anemic and thrombocytopenic at presentation. Replacement of ... entering CR, the length of CR, and the curability of AML. CR is defined after examination of both blood and bone marrow. The blood neutrophil count must be ≥1000/µL and the platelet count ≥100,000/µL. ... nervous system bleeding and pulmonary leukostasis contribute to poor outcome with initial therapy. In addition to pretreatment variables such as age, cytogenetics, and leukocyte count, several...
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Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 7) pot
... Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 7) Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Treatment Treatment of the newly diagnosed patient ... allogeneic stem cell Figure 104- 2 Flow chart for the therapy of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. For all forms of AML except acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), standard therapy includes ... synthesis and thereby overcome resistance to standard-dose cytarabine. In two randomized studies, high-dose cytarabine with an anthracycline produced CR rates similar to those achieved with standard...
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Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 8) pdf
... Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 8) The hematologic toxicity of high-dose cytarabine-based induction ... been greater than that associated with 7 and 3 regimens. Toxicity with high-dose cytarabine includes myelosuppression, pulmonary toxicity, and significant and occasionally irreversible cerebellar ... each dose, and further high-dose cytarabine should be withheld if evidence of cerebellar toxicity develops. This toxicity occurs more commonly in patients with renal impairment and in those...
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Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 9) pptx
... Radiolabeled antibodies Yttrium-90-labeled human M195 Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 9) Treatment of Promyelocytic Leukemia Tretinoin is an oral drug that induces the ... cytarabine is more effective than standard-dose cytarabine. The Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB), for example, compared the duration of CR in patients randomly assigned postremission to four ... relapse and prolong survival. Postremission therapy in AML is often based on age (younger than 55–65 and older than 55– 65). For younger patients, most studies include intensive chemotherapy and...
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