... valence band, and the peak of 425 nm may be the result of the singly ionized oxygen vacancy [42]. The increase of the Mn concentration leads to the intensity reduction of both UV and blue emissions, ... [22-26]. With the aim of providing further understanding of the optical nature of Mn-doped ZnO HMSs, UV-visible [vis] and PL spectra are used to study their optical characteristics, and the corresponding ... assigned to the stretching mode of ZnO [29]. However, in the case of the Zn1−xMnxO HMSs (x =0.02, 0.05, and 0.07), the values of absorption bands are found to be blueshifted at 438, 445, and 456...