... yt) 2 2σ 2 t (2. 10)yt= α +βσt (2. 11)t= yt− yt (2. 12) σ 2 t=δ0+δ1σ 2 t−1+δ 2 2 t−1 (2. 13)where the symbols α,β,δ0,δ1, andδ 2 are the ... the followingsystem:nk,t= ωk,0+i∗i=1ωk,ixi,t (2. 32) Nk,t= Φ(nk,t) (2. 33)=nk,t−∞1 2 e−.5n 2 k,t (2. 34) 26 2. What Are Neural Networks? −5 −4 −3 2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5−1−0.8−0.6−0.4−0 .2 00 .2 0.40.60.81FIGURE ... posed in the following way:MinβΨ=Tt=1 2 t=Tt=1(yt− yt) 2 (2. 2)s.t. yt=βkxk,t+ t (2. 3)yt=βkxk,t (2. 4)t∼ N(0,σ 2 ) (2. 5)A commonly used linear...