Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 17 (end) doc
Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 1 pptx
... mg 1 )0.00 0.05 0 .10 0 .15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35Sour(NH4+) and Sour (NO2–) (mg O2 g 1 SS h 1 ) 10 15 2025303540Sour(COD) (mg O2 g 1 SS h 1 )90 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 16 0FIGURE ... Selection Pressure Theory for Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors 85Yu Liu and Zhi-Wu Wang Chapter 7 Growth Kinetics of Aerobic Granules 11 1Qi-Shan Liu and Yu Liu Chapter 8 Diffusion of ... explanation without intent to infringe.Library of Congress Cataloging -in- Publication Data Wastewater purification : aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors / editor, Yu Liu.p. cm.Includes bibliographical...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 2 pptx
... important role in theanaerobic granulation process. Thus, this chapter attempts to offer further insightsintotheroleofshearforceinaerobicgranulation.53671_C0 02. indd 25 10 /29 /07 7: 02: 15 AM© 20 08 by ... stress in xed-lmculture.J Appl Microbiol 90: 337–3 42. 53671_C0 02. indd 35 10 /29 /07 7: 02: 31 AM© 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC© 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 25 2 Aerobic Granulation ... Different Shear ForcesQi-Shan Liu and Yu LiuCONTENTS 2. 1 Introduction 25 2. 2 Aerobic Granulation at Different Shear Forces 26 2. 3 Effect of Shear Force on Granule Size 28 2. 4 Effect of Shear Force...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 3 potx
... hours (gure 3. 6). 37 3 Aerobic Granulation at Different SBR Cycle TimesZhi-Wu Wang and Yu LiuCONTENTS 3. 1 Introduction 37 3. 2 Effect of Cycle Time on Aerobic Granulation 37 3. 3 Effect of ... Improving anaerobic sequencing batch reactor perfor - mance by modifying operational parameters.Water Res 36 : 36 3 36 7.Tay, J. H., Yang, S. F., and Liu, Y. 2002. Hydraulic selection pressure-induced ... nitrifying granulation in sequencing batch reactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 59: 33 2 33 7.Wang,F.,Yang,F.L.,Zhang,X.W.,Liu,Y.H.,Zhang,H.M.,andZhou,J.2005.Effectsofcycletimeonpropertiesofaerobicgranulesinsequencingbatchairliftreactors.World...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 4 ppt
... 2.15 49 Qin 200610 2 .4 aNAb115 McSwain et al. 20 04 20 1.89 0 .4 144 Qin 200675 0.7 1–1.3 50 Kim et al. 20 04 75 0.6 0. 1-0 .5 85 Kim et al. 20 04 aThe minimum settling velocities were obtained ... dischargepointwithinthegivensettlingtimeareretainedinthereactor;otherwise,theyaredischarged. This chapter aims to offer in- depth insights into the role of settling time in aerobic granulation in SBR. ... 0.262 0.187 1.9 04 Fe 0.3813 0.3261 0.3533 0 .48 26 1 .44 20 0.087Al 0.0 041 0.0053 0.0 049 NAc0 .44 40 NAcMicroelementd0. 044 6 0. 048 1 0. 040 8 0. 043 9 0.9038 NAcaActivated sludge.bAnaerobic granules...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 5 potx
... in gure 5. 16, incompleteaerobicgranulationwasobservedinSBRsrunatthedischargetimesof10, 15, and20 minutes, while successful aerobic granulation was only achieved at the dischargetime of 5 minutes. ... 767–771.Yu,H.Q.,Tay,J.H.,andFang,H.H.P.2001.Therolesofcalciuminsludgegranulationduring UASB reactor start-up.Water Res 35: 1 052 –1060.FIGURE 5. 21 FilamentousPSobservedinaerobicgranules,scalebar=3µm. 53 671_C0 05. indd 84 10/29/07 7: 15: 46 AM© 2008 ... strategy for rapid and stable aerobic granulation in both small- and large-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). This 53 671_C0 05. indd 69 10/29/07 7: 15: 18 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group,...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 6 pptx
... LLC85 6 Selection Pressure Theory for Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors Yu Liu and Zhi-Wu WangCONTENTS 6. 1 Introduction 85 6. 2 Is Aerobic Granulation Inducible? 86 6.3 Earlier ... 92 6. 4.11 Discharge Time 92 6. 5 Main Selection Pressures of Aerobic Granulation 92 6. 6 A Selection Pressure Theory for Aerobic Granulation in SBRs 93 6. 7 Failure of Aerobic Granulation in Continuous ... experimentalevidenceshowsthatstarvationcanactasatriggerofaerobicgranulationinSBRs. 6. 4.4 FEEDING STRATEGYMcSwain, Irvine, and Wilderer (2004) reported that intermittent feeding is an effec-tiveoperatingstrategyforenhancingaerobicgranulationinSBRs.Forthispurpose,differentllingtimeswereappliedtoSBRs,resultingindifferentdegreesoffeast-famine...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 7 docx
... 0.1C5H 7 NO2+1.5CO2+1.52H2O (7. 7)Itappearsfromequation7.7that75%oftheinputacetatecarbonischanneledtocarbon dioxide-carbon during aerobic granular culture. The respirometric tests withaerobicgranulesshowedthatabout74%ofacetate-carbonisconvertedtocarbondioxide,whichisfairlyconsistentwithequation7 .7. Whenmoresubstrate-carbongoes ... 4 17 4 27. Su,K.Z.andYu,H.Q.2005.Gasholdupandoxygentransferinanaerobicgranule-based sequencing batch reactor.Biochem Eng J 25: 201–2 07. Su,K.Z.andYu,H.Q.2006.Ageneralizedmodelforaerobicgranule-basedsequencing batch ... SS,NH4+,NO3 - )involvedinthebiologicalreactions.Equation7.18isobtainedfromamassbalanceofsubstance i for a slice of granule in themth size fraction:53 671 _C0 07. indd 126 10/29/ 07 7:18:35 AM©...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 8 doc
... LiuCONTENTS 8. 1 Introduction 131 8. 2 Size-Dependent Kinetic Behaviors of Aerobic Granules 132 8. 3 Description of Diffusion Resistance in Aerobic Granules 133 8. 4 Simulation of Mass Transfer in Aerobic ... 445–457.Yang,S.F.,Liu,Q.S.,Tay,J.H.,andLiu,Y.2004.Growthkineticsofaerobicgranulesdevel - oped in sequencing batch reactors. Lett Appl Microbiol 38: 106–112.53671_C0 08. indd 147 10/29/07 7:20:25 AM© 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC© 20 08 by Taylor & ... operatingparameters on aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) (chapters 1to7).However,verylimitedinformationiscurrentlyavailableaboutthediffusionbehaviorsofsubstancesinsideaerobicgranules.Tayetal.(2002)foundthatamodeldye...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 9 pdf
... in sequencing batch reactors. Process Biochem 39: 5 79 584.Quarmby,J.andForster,C.F. 199 5.AnexaminationofthestructureofUASBgranules.Water Res 29: 24 49 2454.Roels, J. A. 198 3. Energetics and kinetics ... Mei, and Busscher ( 199 9) noted, it is impossible to deter - mine experimentally the interfacial free energies in equation 9. 2. Evidence shows53671_C0 09. indd 162 10/ 29/ 07 7:27: 39 AM© 2008 by Taylor ... resultantautoaggregationofbacteriaisamicrobialresponsetothetoxicityofsubstrates.Bulkliquidsurfacetensionmayalsoaltercellsurfacehydrophobicity.Thaveesriet al. ( 199 4; 199 5) reported that anaerobic granules grown in protein-rich mediaexhibited lower hydrophobicity than carbohydrate, which in turn slowed down theanaerobicgranulation.Onthecontrary,vanLoosdrechtetal.( 198 7)foundthattheeffect...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 10 doc
... Granulation Yu Liu and Zhi-Wu WangCONTENTS 10. 1 Introduction 181 10. 2 Main Composition of EPS in Aerobic Granules 181 10. 3 Major Factors In uencing EPS Production In Aerobic Granules 183 10. 4 ... hydrophilicsurface,butmorewithhydrophobicsurfacesofothercells(Ghigo2003).Sofar,differentviewsexistwithregardtotheroleofEPSinaerobicgranulation.Di Iaconi et al. (2006) reported that the main component of EPS in aerobic granularbiomass in a sequencing batch biolter reactor was made of proteins, and protein-richEPSwouldimprovethestabilityofgranularbiomassstructure.Asthemaincomponentofproteinsisaminoacids,whichoftencarrynegativecharges,theywillcontribute ... from harsh environ-mentalconditions.InviewoftheimportanceofPS,thischapterattemptstoprovideadeeperinsightintothefunctionsofEPSinaerobicgranulation. 10. 2 MAIN COMPOSITION OF EPS IN AEROBIC GRANULESEPShavebeendetectedinsignicantquantitiesinbothaerobicandanaerobicgran-ules,andtheyformathree-dimensionalmatrixinwhichbacteriaandotherparticlesare...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 11 ppt
... 11. 10b).Theuorescenceintensityprolemeasuredalongthedirectionofthegranuleradiusfurthershowedthatmostcalcouorwhite-stainedPSwassituatedintheoutershellofthegranule,withadepthof400µmbelowthegranulesurface(gure11 .11) .Thesendingsimplythatthebeta-linkedPSarelocatedmainlyintheoutershellofthegranule.Infact,asimilardistributionofbeta-linkedPSwasalsoobservedinanaerobicgranules;themajorityofthecalcouorwhite-stainedPSwasfoundinthetop40μmfromthesurfaceoftheanaerobicgranule(deBeeretal.1996).Chen, ... EPS.Thealpha-andbeta-linkedEPShavebeenfoundonthegranuleshelllayer(gures11.10 ,11. 12,and11.14).Infact,increasedproductionofalpha-linkedEPScan improve cell surface hydrophobicity (Lawman and Bleiweis 1991), and insolublebeta-linkedEPSwasalsoreportedtoserveasthebackboneofbiolmstructure(Sutherland ... Purificationearlier, the PS present in the granule core is basically biodegradable. In view of the total amount of PS determined in the aerobic granule, it appears that the alpha- or beta-linked PS may not be the dominate constitution of EPS in aerobic granules.EPS ...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 12 pptx
... EPS 212 12.3 Biodegradation of Aerobic Granule-Associated EPS during Starvation 214 12. 4 EPS Biodegradation in an Aerobic Granular Sludge SBR 216 12. 5 Origin of Biodegradable Aerobic Granules-Associated ... available. 12. 3 BIODEGRADATION OF AEROBIC GRANULE-ASSOCIATED EPS DURING STARVATIONTo investigate the biodegradation of aerobic granule-associated EPS, fresh aerobic granules taken from a sequencing batch ... theboundEPS.Ascomparedtothesituationatthecoreoftheaerobicgranule,thehigherdensityofactivecellscanbeexpectedinthesurfacelayeroftheaerobicgranule(Tohetal.2003).ThisinturnpartiallyexplainswhyahighconcentrationoftheboundEPSwasdetectedontheshelloftheaerobicgranule (chapter1 1).Infact,Tohetal.(2003)investigatedtheviabilityofmicrooraresidinginsideaerobicgranulesusing in situ DNA uorescence staining, in which membrane permeable and nonperme-ableDNAstainswereusedtodifferentiateliveanddeadcells (gure12.13).Intheirstudy,about150to200slicespreparedbythecryo-sectioningofanumberofaerobicgranulesfromasinglesizecategory,wereanalyzedbyCLSM.Thefollowingsalient+Inert...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 13 potx
... LiuCONTENTS 13. 1 Introduction 223 13. 2 Effect of Calcium on Aerobic Granulation 224 13. 3 Calcium Accumulation in Acetate-Fed Aerobic Granules 225 13. 4 Chemical form of calcium in acetate-fed aerobic ... Accumulation in Acetate-Fed Aerobic Granules 233 13. 7.3 DISTRIBUTION OF PH AND CO3 2- IN ACETATE-FED AEROBIC GRANULESAccording to the models presented above, the pH and CO3 2- proles in aerobic gran-ules ... in Acetate-Fed Aerobic Granules 229 13. 7.1 Ionic Equilibrium of Carbonate Ion 230 13. 7.2 Diffusion Kinetics in Aerobic Granules 231 13. 7.3 Distribution of pH and CO3 2- in Acetate-FedAerobic...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 14 doc
... exist in the present literature. 14. 3 INFLUENCE OF SHORT STARVATION ON AEROBIC GRANULESToofferin-depthinsightsintotheroleofstarvationinaerobicgranulation,Z W.Wangetal.(2006)investigatedtheinuenceofshortstarvationonaerobicgranulesas ... reactor, and aerobic granules were only developed in theSBR. These ndings imply that the periodic starvation-induced hydrophobicity is agoverningfactorinaerobicgranulationintheSBR.Asshowninchapter9,cellsurfacehydrophobicityplaysacrucialroleintheformation ... S.Liu(2003)investigatedtheroleofperiodicstarvationinaerobicgranulation,andconcludedthatithasapositiveeffectonaerobicgranulationinSBRs,aspre-sented below. 14. 2.1 OBSERVATION OF AEROBIC GRANULATION IN...
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Wastewater Purification: Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors - Chapter 17 (end) doc
... LLC(table17.1),whichwaslargerthanthatoftheseedgranuleswithatypicalsizeofPilot Study of Aerobic Granulation for Wastewater Treatment 311 17. 5 CONCLUSIONSAerobicgranulationinpilot-scaleSBRsisanimportantstepforitsfullapplicationintheindustrial-scaleplant.AerobicgranularsludgeSBRscanbeinitiatedbyseed-ing ... Pilot- and Laboratory-Scale SBRs 302 17. 2.2 CharacteristicsofAerobicGranulesDevelopedinPilot-andLaboratory-Scale SBRs 305 17. 2.2.1 Granule Size and Morphology 305 17. 2.2.2 Settling Property 305 17. 2.2.3 ... wastewater wassuccessfullydemonstratedinapilot-scaleplantintheNetherlands(DeBruinetal.2004).TwocolumnSBRs6minheightand0.6mindiameterwereoperated in parallel treating wastewater at a ow rate of 5.0 m3h–1(gure 17. 11). Forma-tionofaerobicgranuleswithanSVIof55mLg–1couldtakeplaceinafewweeks.Granularsludgealsohadagoodcapabilityfortheremovalofnitrogenandphosphatepresent...
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