... Kamitori S, Abe A, Ohtaki A, Kaji A, Tonozuka T &Sakano Y (2002) Crystal structures of Thermoactino-myces vulgaris R-47 a- amylase 1 (TVA I) at 1.6 A ˚reso-lution and a- amylase 2 (TVA ... the main catalytic reaction of TVAI, and a structural compar-ison with Aspergillus oryzae a- amylase showed that the (–) subsites ofTVAI are responsible for recognizing both starch and pullulan.D356N ... maltohexaose; P2, [Glc -a- (1,6)-Glc -a- (1,4)-Glc -a- (1,4)]2; P5, [Glc -a- (1,6)-Glc -a- (1,4)-Glc -a- (1,4)]5; TAA, a- amylase from Apergillus oryzae; TVAI, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris R-47 a- amylase...