Four American Indians King Philip, Pontiac, Tecumseh, Osceola docx

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Indianhistory,healthissues,andchallengesexperiencedbythispopulationandtheUrbanIndianHealthOrganizationthatservethem.“Fewpeoplerealizethatthemajorityof American Indians andAlaskaNativesintheUnitedStatesarenowlivingin American cities,notonreservations.Yet,Federalhealthcarepolicytoward American Indians andAlaskaNativescontinuestofocuslargelyontheneedsofthoselivingonreservationsinruralareas—needsthat,despitedemonstrableprogresssincethecreationoftheIndianHealthService(I.H.S.)in1955,remainsubstantial(Kauffmanetal.,1997).ThepurposeofthisIssueBriefistodescribethelargeandgrowingurbanIndianpopulation,theirhealthstatus,andthemajorfederalhealthprograms(i.e.,I.H.S.andMedicare)andfederal‐stateprograms(i.e.,MedicaidandChildHealthInsuranceProgram)thatareavailabletoimproveNativeAmericans’accesstoneededhealthservices.Insettingforththecircumstancesofurban Indians, thisIssueBriefdoesnotintendtosuggestthatthehealthcareneedsofIndianpeoplelivinginruralareasareinanywaylesscompelling.AGrowingPopulationofUrban Indians In1990,overhalfofthe2million American Indians andAlaskaNativesintheUnitedStateslivedinurbanareas...Incontrast,anestimated430,000 Indians livedon279federalandstatereservationsthatyear,andanother40,000livedinAlaskaNativevillages(Snipp,1996).WhoareUrban Indians? Urban Indians aremembersof,ordescendantsofmembersof,oneofthemanyIndiantribesorotherorganizedgroupsofaboriginalinhabitantsoftheAmericaswholiveincities.TheIndianHealthCareImprovementActdefinestheterm“UrbanIndian”tomeananyindividualwho“residesinanurbancenter”…and“meetsoneormoreofthe four criteria”forqualifyingasan“Indian”undertheAct.Themigrationof Indians fromthereservationsto American citiesoccurredthroughoutthepastcenturyandisexpectedtocontinue.Theproportionof Indians livinginwhattheCensusBureaudefinesas“urbanizedareas”grewfrom45percentin1970to56percentin1990(U.S.CensusBureau,2001,personalcommunication).Historically,thismigrationreflectedfederalgovernment“relocation”policiesineffectduringthe1950’s.Over160,000 American Indians andAlaskaNativeswereforciblymovedfromtheirreservationsintocitiestopromoteassimilationintothedominantU.S.society(Kauffmanetal.,2000;Hall, ... OpportunitiesforChange:Improving the Health of American Indians/ Alaska Natives in Washington State  American IndianHealthCareDeliveryPlan2010‐2013April2010 American Indian Health Commission ... Indianhistory,healthissues,andchallengesexperiencedbythispopulationandtheUrbanIndianHealthOrganizationthatservethem.“Fewpeoplerealizethatthemajorityof American Indians andAlaskaNativesintheUnitedStatesarenowlivingin American cities,notonreservations.Yet,Federalhealthcarepolicytoward American Indians andAlaskaNativescontinuestofocuslargelyontheneedsofthoselivingonreservationsinruralareas—needsthat,despitedemonstrableprogresssincethecreationoftheIndianHealthService(I.H.S.)in1955,remainsubstantial(Kauffmanetal.,1997).ThepurposeofthisIssueBriefistodescribethelargeandgrowingurbanIndianpopulation,theirhealthstatus,andthemajorfederalhealthprograms(i.e.,I.H.S.andMedicare)andfederal‐stateprograms(i.e.,MedicaidandChildHealthInsuranceProgram)thatareavailabletoimproveNativeAmericans’accesstoneededhealthservices.Insettingforththecircumstancesofurban Indians, thisIssueBriefdoesnotintendtosuggestthatthehealthcareneedsofIndianpeoplelivinginruralareasareinanywaylesscompelling.AGrowingPopulationofUrban Indians In1990,overhalfofthe2million American Indians andAlaskaNativesintheUnitedStateslivedinurbanareas...Incontrast,anestimated430,000 Indians livedon279federalandstatereservationsthatyear,andanother40,000livedinAlaskaNativevillages(Snipp,1996).WhoareUrban Indians? Urban Indians aremembersof,ordescendantsofmembersof,oneofthemanyIndiantribesorotherorganizedgroupsofaboriginalinhabitantsoftheAmericaswholiveincities.TheIndianHealthCareImprovementActdefinestheterm“UrbanIndian”tomeananyindividualwho“residesinanurbancenter”…and“meetsoneormoreofthe four criteria”forqualifyingasan“Indian”undertheAct.Themigrationof Indians fromthereservationsto American citiesoccurredthroughoutthepastcenturyandisexpectedtocontinue.Theproportionof Indians livinginwhattheCensusBureaudefinesas“urbanizedareas”grewfrom45percentin1970to56percentin1990(U.S.CensusBureau,2001,personalcommunication).Historically,thismigrationreflectedfederalgovernment“relocation”policiesineffectduringthe1950’s.Over160,000 American Indians andAlaskaNativeswereforciblymovedfromtheirreservationsintocitiestopromoteassimilationintothedominantU.S.society(Kauffmanetal.,2000;Hall,...

... "Hallelujah" of the 195Cremation, Antiquity of 143 , Bonaks 144 furnace 149 , Indians of Clear Lake 147 , Indians ofSouthern Utah 149 mound, Florida 148, 149 , Nishinams 144 , Partial 150, ... 99, 100 , Coyotero Apaches 111, 112 , Creeksand Seminoles 95, 96 , Indians of Taos 101, 102 , Mohawks 93 , Otoe and Missouri Indians. 96, 97,98 , Pimas 98, 99 , Wah-peton and Sisseton Sioux 107-110 ... officiates for the yearly rents that all the Indians of the pueblo pay him, whichamount in the sum total to about $2,000 per annum.These Pueblo Indians are very strict in their mourning observance,...

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... reserved. Page 13 of 87 Design Pattern Framework™ 2.0 3. The Gang of Four patterns Below is a list of the 23 Gang of Four patterns presented in this document: Creational Patterns Abstract ... Object Factory. All rights reserved. Page 32 of 87 Design Pattern Framework™ 2.0 Gang of Four Design Patterns for .NET 2.0 Companion document to Design Pattern FrameworkTM ... dynamically adds extra functionality to an existing object. Code in project: DoFactory.GangOfFour.Decorator.Structural Real-world sample code The real-world code demonstrates the Decorator...

... equally American, a characteristicnoted in the American arts by de Tocqueville and equally observable inthe great documents of American democracy and, of course, the rhet-oric of those American ... thesituation of the African -American in America, who had him- or herselfalways acted as a defining opposite, he significantly recalled a passage Contemporary American playwrightsfrom Toni ... the restitution of the joy of living we may have lostwhen we first picked up a tool’ (Thinking,p.). Looking into the futurehe sees a possible ‘socialism of the skin’. Rather closer in time,...

... terrible; yea,thou wilt find it to be not so much an Enemy as a Friend, not as a King of Terrors, but rather as a King of Comforts” ().A fully redeemed perspective – an ability to see the grave ... change saintly potential into actuality by The American Puritan elegyhealthy twentieth-century denial of Dimmesdale’s tortured gloom. Inmaking it, however, we forget that Dimmesdale is a ... And he will bless you allyour dayes,” he asserts faith in his reward as well as theirs by speakingthe Christian hope that the saintly self – the identity to which his readersalso aspired –...

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