... and enzyme–product complexes [29]. On the other hand,kcat⁄ Kmis an apparent second-order rate constant thatrefers to the properties and the reaction of the freeenzyme and free substrate [29]. We have therefore ... published elsewhere. We havetherefore measured the thermodynamic parameters of RNase-A in the presence of these amino acids and amino acid derivatives, and values of DGD°, measuredin triplicate, ... decreased. On the otherhand, this change in conformation results in a decreasein kcat, the turnover number of the enzyme in the pres-ence of sugars, i.e. the maximum number of substratemolecules...