... July 2012.c2012 Association for Computational LinguisticsMachine Translation without Words through Substring AlignmentGraham Neubig1,2, Taro Watanabe2, Shinsuke Mori1, Tatsuya Kawahara11Graduate ... German. Previous works have attempted tohandle morphology, decompounding and regulariza-tion through lemmatization, morphological analysis,or unsupervised techniques (Nießen and Ney, 2000;Brown, ... free grammar (SCFG) that allowsfor many-to-many alignment to be achieved in poly-nomial time through the process of biparsing, whichwe explain more in the following section. PhrasalITGs are...