... ª 2009 FEBS 6083
MINIREVIEW
Apoptosis and autophagy: Regulation of apoptosis
by DNA damage signalling – roles of p53, p73 and HIPK2
Nadja Bitomsky and Thomas G. Hofmann
German Cancer Research ... PML
Fig. 1. Regulation of DNA damage- induced cell death by p53 and HIPK2. Genotoxic stress-induced DNA damage facilitates activation of the
D...
... activa-
tion of the G protein p21 Rho by deamidation of
glutamine. Nature 387, 72 9–7 33.
24 Lanning CC, Ruiz-Velasco R & Williams CL (2003) Novel
mechanism of the co -regulation of nuclear transport of
SmgGDS ... ubiquitina-
tion is of the degradative type and could regulate the level of BAF60b in
SWI ⁄ SNF complexes. Our observations support the new idea of a dire...
... least in
the absence of an activating adaptor, generation of
active human caspase-2 requires separation of its large
and small subunits. In the context of autoactivation,
removal of the prodomain ... approach defines specificities of members
of the caspase family and granzyme B. Functional rela-
tionships established for key mediators of apoptosis.
J Biol Chem 272, 1790 7...
... TRAIL-induced apoptosis by CCCP. Oncol
Rep 18, 7 1–7 6.
37 Park SY, Billiar TR & Seol DW (2002) Hypoxia inhibi-
tion of apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-
related apoptosis- inducing ligand (TRAIL). ... chon-
drocyte apoptosis and may suppress the progression
of arthritis.
Materials and methods
Induction of OA
Beagle dogs (n = 20) with a mean ± SD age of...
... plants and a variety of enzyme reactions including
certain dehydration and isomerisation reactions [ 1–3 ].
In view of the vital role of these coenzymes, it appears
likely that biosynthesis of the ... units of
guanylate kinase and 2 units of pyruvate kinase in a total
volume of 0.5 mL, and were incubated for 30 min at 37 °C
in order to generate the reductase substrate...
... [2,3]. The lig-
and for the tandem GAF domains of PDE2, PDE5,
PDE6, and PDE11 is cGMP and that for PDE10 is
cAMP. Usually ligand-binding enhances catalytic
activity [ 4–6 ]. Two ACs of the cyanobacterium ... structures of the tandem GAF
domains of PDE2 and cyaB2 do not reveal how cNMP specificity is enco-
ded, we generated chimeras between the tandem GAF domains of cyaB1
a...
... activation of the
Ras–Raf–Mek–Erk pathway and cell differentiation ⁄
hypertrophy through activation of the PI3 kinase–
AKT–mTOR pathway [9].
Accordingly, IGF-1 treatment (5 ngÆmL
)1
) of C2C12
myoblasts ... nmol
of the substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl N-acetylneuraminic
acid (Sigma-Aldrich), 100 lg of BSA and aliquots of cytoso-
lic fractions (5 0–1 00 lg of proteins) in a fi...
... be a randomly-ordered set of all the
letters (and the space and backspace symbols). The
letters are randomly ordered for each sequence be-
cause the magnitude of the ERP, hence the quality of
the ... manufac-
tured by g.tec (Austria), has 24 bits of precision and
has 16 channels. We use a Butterworth bandpass fil-
ter of 0.5 to 60 Hz, a 60 Hz notch filter, a sampling
rate of...
... the
Escherichia coli
membrane
independent of the Sec translocase and YidC
Sandra J. Facey and Andreas Kuhn
Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
KdpD ... OmpA (upper panel) and KdpD (lower panel) and
analysed by SDS/PAGE and visualized by phosphorimaging. The
positions of the molecular weight standards (SeeBlue
TM...