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What is the neutral real interest rate, and how can we use it? doc

What is the neutral real interest rate, and how can we use it? doc

What is the neutral real interest rate, and how can we use it? doc

... is the neutral real interest rate. Inorder to understand the concept of a neutral real interest rate, it is first necessary to understand what we mean by the term real interest rate’. The interest ... economy. What is the neutral real interest rate, and how can we use it? Joanne Archibald and Leni Hunter, Economics Department1This article sets out the Reserve Bank’s conception of the neutral real interest ... difference between thinking about what real interest rate is neutral over the medium run, and what real interest rate is neutral at the current point in time, or in the short run. We choose a medium...
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WORKING PAPER SERIES NO. 546 / NOVEMBER 2005: THE NATURAL REAL INTEREST RATE AND THE OUTPUT GAP IN THE EURO AREA A JOINT ESTIMATION doc

WORKING PAPER SERIES NO. 546 / NOVEMBER 2005: THE NATURAL REAL INTEREST RATE AND THE OUTPUT GAP IN THE EURO AREA A JOINT ESTIMATION doc

... featureof the reported statistics is that the correlation between the actual real in terest rate and the real interest rate gap are high an d their standard deviations are roughly identical. Inother ... inpart,relatedtotheevolutionoftherealinterestrategap. Inlinewiththishypothesiswefind that the real rate gap is also strongly and negatively correlated with the output gap.Next, w e investigate the leading indica ... For this purpose, we compute the monte carlo procedureof LW to get a distribution for λz. We use the median of this distribution as our baselinevalue. That is, we take λz=0.064. The 5th...
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What Is the Cognitive Neuroscience of Art… and Why Should We Care? ppt

What Is the Cognitive Neuroscience of Art… and Why Should We Care? ppt

... identities. We ask: is there a role for touching in the aesthetic division of labour, which is indisputably domi-nated by the seeing and hearing that seem to safeguard the distance between the work ... neuroaestheticians is to discover where and how the different com-ponents of our aesthetic responses are implemented in the brain. If this is all we can expect from neuroaesthetics (or aesthetic ... regarding the semantics of music (the semi-otics of musical meaning, the link between music and text, the distinction between struc-ture and content, the controversy between representationalism and...
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Tài liệu Is the long-term interest rate a policy victim, a policy variable or a policy lodestar? docx

Tài liệu Is the long-term interest rate a policy victim, a policy variable or a policy lodestar? docx

... risks. A key issue, then, is whether the banks or the government is best placed to bear such risks. The second choice is between private sector and public sector paper. The Bank of England’s preference ... cheaper. For the purpose of this paper, however, it is the link with the macroeconomic policy stance that is of most interest. There is statistical evidence that, over the past 30 years, the maturity ... insurers to use the government bond yield to calculate the present discounted value (PDV) of their liabilities. This means that the simplest way to minimise the volatility of the gap between the market...
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in prostate tests psa what is the difference between total psa and free psa

in prostate tests psa what is the difference between total psa and free psa

... tests PSA what is the difference between total PSA and free PSA? What is the normal range? In addition, how can it be that if there is ANY prostate specific antigen in the blood that there is no ... gland enlarges, PSA levels in the blood tend to rise. PSA levels can rise due to cancer or benign (non cancerous) conditions. Because PSA is produced by the body and can be used to detect disease, ... prostate cancer for disease recurrence, it is unique in that it is the only tumor marker that is currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration as an aid in the detection of prostate cancer....
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Fiscal Dominance and the Long-Term Interest Rate: FINANCIAL MARKETS GROUP SPECIAL PAPER SERIES doc

Fiscal Dominance and the Long-Term Interest Rate: FINANCIAL MARKETS GROUP SPECIAL PAPER SERIES doc

... rose. This rise in the volatility of interest rates served to further reduce the demand for bonds and thus magnify the rise in the interest rate. Because the banks were all using the same historical ... of the yield curve and is fundamental for the pricing of all long-term assets. The short-term interest rate, on the other hand, is probably not a direct element in financial 13 On this ... maintained this emphasis in The General Theory: “There are dozens of statements in The General Theory and other works by Keynes in which he criticised an exclusive focus on the short-term rate in the...
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What is the real MLM business?

What is the real MLM business?

... the size of your success is up to YOU.Back to Top Is MLM a scam, legal, moral, ethical, etc? The short answer is: maybe.This is the cause of 99% of the flamefests, arguments, and general disagreements ... service, the size of your success is up to YOU. Is MLM a scam, legal, moral, ethical, etc? The short answer is: maybe. This is the cause of 99% of the flamefests, arguments, and general disagreements ... don't see that, either because their sponsor misled them with rosy predictions of instant wealth, or because they chose to hear the easy story. People like this enroll and don't do anything,...
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Tài liệu The neutral real interes t rate docx

Tài liệu The neutral real interes t rate docx

... important to distinguish between the long-term equilibrium real interest rate, the neutral real inter-est rate and the actual real interest rate. The long-term equilibrium real interest rate is determined ... rpIn this equation, iD is the domestic interest rate, iG is the global interest rate, e is the exchange rate, ee is the expected future exchange rate and rp is a risk premium. The exchange ... consistent relationship between the neutral real interest rate and other variables in the economy, such as the out-put gap. A weakness is that the neutral real interest rate in such models is...
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Real Interest Rate Linkages: Testing for Common Trends and Cycles pptx

Real Interest Rate Linkages: Testing for Common Trends and Cycles pptx

... encompasses the unrestricted VAR then the hypothesis that there are s cofeature vectors can beaccepted. The codependence vectors themselves can also be estimated and, unlike the canonical correlation ... hypotheses. The former attempts to distinguish between a randomwalk with no drift and a series which is stationary around a zero mean, while the latter attempts todistinguish between a random ... drift and a stationary series around a non-zero mean.However, one might wish to test the hypothesis that real interest rates were random walks with nodrifts against the alternative that they...
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