... the mechanisms by which biological processes are regulated by signals to cells that are induced by mechanical loads (Roux, 1881; van der Meulen and Huiskes, 2002). When the mechanisms of mechanically-regulated ... developed and used together with in vivo and in vitro experiments to quantitatively determine the rules that govern the effects of mechanical loading on cells and tissue differentiation, growth, and ... repair (Bolander, 1992; Sandberg et al., 1993). Prostaglandins stimulate osteoblastic bone formation and inhibit remodeling by decreasing osteoclast activity (Bakker et al., 2001), and hormones,...