JOHN BOXALL ARDUINO WORKSHOP ARDUINO WORKSHOP A HANDS-ON INTRODUCTION WITH 65 PROJECTS BOXALL www.nostarch.com THE F INE ST I N G EEK E NTERTAI NM E NT ™ “ I LIE FL AT.” This book uses RepKover —a durable bindi ng that won’t snap shut. $ 29 .95 ($31.95 CDN) SHELVE IN: HARDWARE/ELECTRONICS ARDUINO WORKSHOP ARDUINO WORKSHOP LEARN THE BASICS, LEARN THE BASICS, BUILD THE PROJECTS, BUILD THE PROJECTS, CREATE YOUR OWN CREATE YOUR OWN The Arduino is a cheap, flexible, open source micro- controller platform designed to make it easy for hobbyists to use electronics in homemade projects. With an almost world around you. countless ways to create devices that interact with the unlimited range of input and output add-ons, sensors, indi- cators, displays, motors, and more, the Arduino offers you In Arduino Workshop, you’ll learn how these add-ons You’ll also learn to build Arduino toys and games like: • An electronic version of the classic six-sided die • A binary quiz game that challenges your number conversion skills • A motorized remote control tank with collision detection to keep it from crashing Arduino Workshop will teach you the tricks and design principles of a master craftsman. Whatever your skill level, you’ll have fun as you learn to harness the power of the Arduino for your own DIY projects. reviews for years. Arduino Workshop is his first book. A B O U T T H E A U T H O R John Boxall (http://www.tronixstuff.com/ ) has been writing Arduino tutorials, projects, and kit and accessory • A handy tester that lets you check the voltage of any single-cell battery • A keypad-controlled lock that requires a secret code to open but quickly move on to coverage of various electronic You’ll start off with an overview of the Arduino system components and concepts. Hands-on projects throughout work and how to integrate them into your own projects. the book reinforce what you’ve learned and show you how to apply that knowledge. As your understanding grows, the projects increase in complexity and sophistication. Among the book’s 65 projects are useful devices like: on an LCD • A digital thermometer that charts temperature changes • A GPS logger that records data from your travels, which can be displayed on Google Maps ARDUINO WORKSHOP ARDUINO WORKSHOP A Hands-On Introduction with 65 Projects San Francisco by John Boxall ARDUINO WORKSHOP. Copyright © 2013 by John Boxall. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher. Printed in USA First printing 17 16 15 14 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ISBN-10: 1-59327-448-3 ISBN-13: 978-1-59327-448-1 Publisher: William Pollock Production Editor: Serena Yang Cover Illustration: Charlie Wylie Interior Design: Octopod Studios Developmental Editor: William Pollock Technical Reviewer: Marc Alexander Copyeditor: Lisa Theobald Compositor: Susan Glinert Stevens Proofreader: Emelie Battaglia Circuit diagrams made using Fritzing (http://fritzing.org/) For information on distribution, translations, or bulk sales, please contact No Starch Press, Inc. directly: No Starch Press, Inc. 38 Ringold Street, San Francisco, CA 94103 phone: 415.863.9900; fax: 415.863.9950; info@nostarch.com; www.nostarch.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record of this book is available from the Library of Congress. No Starch Press and the No Starch Press logo are registered trademarks of No Starch Press, Inc. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, we are using the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. The information in this book is distributed on an “As Is” basis, without warranty. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author nor No Starch Press, Inc. shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the infor- mation contained in it. For the two people who have always believed in me: my mother and my dearest Kathleen BRIEF CONTENTS Acknowledgments xix Chapter 1: Getting Started 1 Chapter 2: Exploring the Arduino Board and the IDE 19 Chapter 3: First Steps 33 Chapter 4: Building Blocks 55 Chapter 5: Working with Functions 95 Chapter 6: Numbers, Variables, and Arithmetic 111 Chapter 7: Liquid Crystal Displays 147 Chapter 8: Expanding Your Arduino 161 Chapter 9: Numeric Keypads 187 Chapter 10: Accepting User Input with Touchscreens 195 Chapter 11: Meet the Arduino Family 207 Chapter 12: Motors and Movement 225 Chapter 13: Using GPS with Your Arduino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Chapter 14: Wireless Data 271 Chapter 15: Infrared Remote Control 285 Chapter 16: Reading RFID Tags 295 viii Brief Contents Chapter 17: Data Buses 307 Chapter 18: Real-time Clocks 321 Chapter 19: The Internet 337 Chapter 20: Cellular Communications 349 Index 365 CONTENTS IN DETAIL ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xix 1 GETTING STARTED 1 The Possibilities Are Endless 2 Strength in Numbers 6 Parts and Accessories 6 Required Software 7 Mac OS X 7 Windows XP and Later 11 Ubuntu Linux 9.04 and Later 15 Safety 18 Looking Ahead 18 2 EXPLORING THE ARDUINO BOARD AND THE IDE 19 The Arduino Board 19 Taking a Look Around the IDE 25 The Command Area 25 The Text Area 26 The Message Window Area 26 Creating Your First Sketch in the IDE 27 Comments 27 The Setup Function 28 Controlling the Hardware 28 The Loop Function 28 Verifying Your Sketch 30 Uploading and Running Your Sketch 31 Modifying Your Sketch 31 Looking Ahead 31 3 FIRST STEPS 33 Planning Your Projects 34 About Electricity 34 Current 34 Voltage 35 Power 35 Electronic Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 The Resistor 35 The Light-Emitting Diode 39 The Solderless Breadboard 41 Project #1: Creating a Blinking LED Wave 43 The Algorithm 43 The Hardware 43 . which can be displayed on Google Maps ARDUINO WORKSHOP ARDUINO WORKSHOP A Hands-On Introduction with 65 Projects San Francisco by John Boxall ARDUINO WORKSHOP. Copyright © 2013 by John Boxall. All. ng that won’t snap shut. $ 29 .95 ($31.95 CDN) SHELVE IN: HARDWARE/ELECTRONICS ARDUINO WORKSHOP ARDUINO WORKSHOP LEARN THE BASICS, LEARN THE BASICS, BUILD THE PROJECTS, BUILD THE PROJECTS, CREATE. JOHN BOXALL ARDUINO WORKSHOP ARDUINO WORKSHOP A HANDS-ON INTRODUCTION WITH 65 PROJECTS BOXALL www.nostarch.com THE F INE ST